Christopher Langton

Christopher Langton
Información personal
Nacimiento 1949 (76 años)
Nacionalidad estadounidense
Religión Ateísmo Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata
Familia
Madre Jane Langton Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata
Educación
Educado en Universidad de Míchigan Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata
Supervisor doctoral Arthur Burks y John Henry Holland Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata
Información profesional
Ocupación Informático teórico Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata
Conocido por Vida artificial
Empleador Santa Fe Institute Ver y modificar los datos en Wikidata

Christopher Langton (nacido en 1948 o 1949) es un científico estadounidense dedicado a la teoría informática, siendo uno de los fundadores del campo de la vida artificial.[1]

Aportaciones

El término «vida artificial» fue acuñado por Langton a finales de la década de 1980, cuando organizó el primer Taller de Síntesis y Simulación de Sistemas Vivientes (también conocido como «Vida Artificial I») en el Laboratorio Nacional de Los Álamos en 1987.[2][3]

Langton hizo numerosas contribuciones al campo de la vida artificial, ligadas a la simulación mediante modelos informáticos de problemas dados y a su interpretación filosófica. Identificó muy pronto los problemas relativos a la información, la computación y la reproducción, intrínsecamente conectados con la complejidad y sus leyes básicas. Inspirado por ideas provenientes de la física, especialmente las transiciones de fase, desarrolló varios conceptos clave y medidas cuantitativas para comprender el comportamiento de los autómatas celulares y sugirió que los puntos críticos que separan el orden del desorden podrían jugar un papel muy importante en la conformación de sistemas complejos, particularmente en biología. Estas ideas también eran exploradas simultáneamente, aunque con aproximaciones diferentes, por James P. Crutchfield y Per Bak entre otros.

Licenciado de la Universidad de Míchigan, Langton creó la hormiga de Langton y el bucle de Langton, ambos simulacros sencillos de vida artificial, además de su parámetro Lambda, una medida adimensional de complejidad y de potencial de computación en autómatas celulares, dado por el análisis de un estado dado entre todos los estados posibles. Para un autómata celular de 2 estados, 1 grado de vecindad, y 1 tipo de desplazamiento «D», el valor de lambda es cercano a 0,5. Para uno de 2 estados, vecindad de Moore, y 2 tipos de desplazamiento «D», como el del tipo «vida de Conway», el valor es 0,273.

Langton es el hijo mayor de Jane Langton, autora de la serie de libros titulada Homer Kelly Mysteries. Tiene dos hijos adultos, Gabe y Colin.

Principales publicaciones

  • Christopher G. Langton. «Artificial Life: An Overview». (Editor), MIT Press, 1995.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Artificial Life III: Proceedings of the Third Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems». (Editor), Addison-Wesley, 1993.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Life at the Edge of Chaos». in «Artificial Life II», Addison-Wesley, 1991.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Artificial Life II: Proceedings of the Second Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems». (Editor), Addison-Wesley, 1991.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Computation at the edge of chaos». Physica D, 42, 1990.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Computation at the edge of Chaos: Phase-Transitions and Emergent Computation.» Ph.D. Thesis, University of Michigan (1990).
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Is There a Sharp Phase Transition for Deterministic Cellular Automata?», with W.K Wootters, Physica D, 45, 1990.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Artificial Life: Proceedings of an Interdisciplinary Workshop on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems». (Editor), Addison-Wesley, 1988.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Studying Artificial Life with Cellular Automata». Physica D, 22, 1986.
  • Christopher G. Langton. «Self Reproduction in Cellular Automata». Physica D, 10, 1984.

Bibliografía

  • A. GaJardo, A. Moreira, E. Goles. "Complexity of Langton's Ant». Discrete Applied Mathematics, 117, 2002.
  • M. Boden. "The Philosophy of Artificial Life». Oxford University Press, 1996.
  • Stuart Kauffman. Origins of Order: Self-Organization and Selection in Evolution. Oxford University Press, 1993.
  • Melanie Mitchell, Peter T. Hraber, and James P. Crutchfield. Revisiting the edge of chaos: Evolving cellular automata to perform computations. Complex Systems, 7:89–130, 1993.
  • Melanie Mitchell, James P. Crutchfield and Peter T. Hraber. Dynamics, Computation, and the "Edge of Chaos»: A Re-Examination
  • J. P. Crutchfield and K. Young, «Computation at the Onset of Chaos», in Complexity, Entropy and the Physics of Information, W. Zurek, editor, SFI Studies in the Sciences of Complexity, VIII, Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts (1990) pp. 223–269.

Véase también

Referencias

  1. Christopher G Langton (1998).
  2. Mohan Matthen et al. (2007).
  3. Christopher G. Langton, ed. (1989). Artificial Life: The proceedings of an interdisciplinary workshop on the synthesis and simulation of living systems, held September, 1987, in Los Alamos, New Mexico. Santa Fe Institute studies in the sciences of complexity 6. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-09346-4. 

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