Kizilbaŝoj

Kizilbaŝoj soldato

Kizilbaŝoj (foje ankaŭ Qezelbash aŭ Qazilbash) estas nomigo havigita al ampleksa vario de Ŝiismaj militantaj grupoj kiuj floris en Azerbajĝano,[1][2] Anatolio el la fino de la 15a jarcento antaŭen, kelkaj el kiuj kontribuis al la fondado de la Safavida dinastio de Irano.[3][4] El origen de Qizilbash se puede fechar a partir del siglo XV, cuando el gran maestro espiritual del movimiento, Shaykh Haydar (jefe de la orden Safaviyya Sufi), organizó a sus seguidores en tropas militantes.  Los Qizilbash estaban originalmente compuestos por siete tribus de habla turca, Rumlu, Shamlu, Ustajlu, Afshar, Qajar, Tekelu y Zulkadar, todos los cuales hablaban azerbaiyano.[1][2][4][5][6]

Vidu ankaŭ

Referencoj

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Cornell, Vincent J.. (2007) Voices of Islam (Praeger perspectives). Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 225 vol.1. ISBN 0275987329.
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Parker, Charles H.. (2010) Global Interactions in the Early Modern Age, 1400–1800. Cambridge University Press, p. 53. ISBN 1139491415.
  3. ↑ Roger M. Savory: Kizil-Bash. En Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. 5, p. 243-45.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Savory, EI2, Vol. 5, p. 243: "KIZILBĀSH (T. “Red-head”). [...] In general, it is used loosely to denote a wide variety of extremist Shi'i sects [see GHULĀT], which flourished in [V:243b] Anatolia and Kurdistān from the late 7th/13th century onwards, including such groups as the Alevis (see A. S. Tritton, Islam : belief and practices, London 1951, 83)."
  5. ↑ W. Floor, H. Javadi, «The Role of Azerbaijani Turkish in Safavid Iran», p. 1

    Browne observed that the Safavid army’s war cry “was not ‘Long live Persia!’ or the like, but, in the Turkish language, ‘O my spiritual guide and master whose sacrifice I am!”
  6. ↑ Willem Floor, Hasan Javadi, The Role of Azerbaijani Turkish in Safavid Iran. During the Safavid period Azerbaijani Turkish,or,as it was also referred to at that time, Qizilbash Turkish, occupied an important place in society, and it was spoken both at court and by the common people... Throughout the Safavid period there were two constants to Azerbaijani Turkish as a spoken language in Iran. First, it was and remained the official language of the royal court during the entire Safavid period. Second, the language remained the spoken language of the Turkic Qizilbash tribes and was also spoken in the army.

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