Aero

Temperaturo kaj meza molekula maso de aero depende de alto super la nivelo de maro.

Aero estas nomo por la miksaĵo el gasoj en la atmosfero de la Tero. Laŭ la kondiĉoj de norma stato, ĝia denso estas 1.2 kg/m3 (1,2 g/l aŭ 0,0012 g/cm3).

Seka aero konsistas je ĉirkaŭ 79% el azoto, je 20% el oksigeno, kaj je 1% el argono. Aero povas enhavi 0-7% da akvovaporo (la 79%, 20% kaj 1% laŭe malgrandiĝetas), kaj malpli ol 1% da karbona dioksido. La konsisto de aero ŝanĝiĝas laŭ alteco, kaj elspirita aero enhavas pli da karbona dioksido ol enspirita aero, ĉirkaŭ je 4,5%.

Kunmetaĵo de seka aero:
Substanco Signo % laŭ volumeno % laŭ maso
Azoto N2 78,084 75,50
Oksigeno O2 20,9476 23,15
Argono Ar 0,934 1,292
Karbonduoksido CO2 0,0394 0,076
Neono Ne 0,001818 0,0014
Metano CH4 0,000179 0,000184
Helio He 0,000524 0,000173
Kriptono Kr 0,000114 0,0003
Hidrogeno H2 0,000055 0,000008
Ksenono Xe 0,0000087 0,00004

Aerpremo malgrandiĝas laŭ alteco; tial aviadiloj estas deinterne premigataj. Oni konservas la premon en la maŝino pli alta ol ekstere, por ke restu la komforto de la enaj homoj, sed por ŝpari brulaĵon la premo estas ete malpli alta ol ĉe la tersurfaco. Kiam la suma aerpremo malgrandiĝas, la parta premo de ĉiu konsista gaso (inkluzive oksigeno) malgrandiĝas. Montgrimpistoj devas kunporti oksigenon, kiam ili grimpas altajn montojn por konservi la partan premon de oksigeno en la sango ĉe normala nivelo; se ne, ili suferas hipoksion, kiam la parta premo de oksigeno estas malsupre ol 0,16 bar (16 kPa) en la aero.

Oni ofte uzas densigitan aeron dum subakva naĝado kiel malprofundakva spira gaso kaj por plenblovi flosilojn. Densigatan aeron oni uzas ankaŭ kiel energifonton por pneŭmatikaj motoroj.

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