Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Western European Summer Time

Time in Europe:
Light Blue Western European Time / Greenwich Mean Time (UTC)
Blue Western European Time / Greenwich Mean Time (UTC)
Western European Summer Time / British Summer Time / Irish Standard Time (UTC+1)
Red Central European Time (UTC+1)
Central European Summer Time (UTC+2)
Yellow Eastern European Time / Kaliningrad Time (UTC+2)
Ochre Eastern European Time (UTC+2)
Eastern European Summer Time (UTC+3)
Green Moscow Time / Turkey Time (UTC+3)
Turquoise Armenia Time / Azerbaijan Time / Georgia Time / Samara Time (UTC+4)
 Pale colours: Standard time observed all year
 Dark colours: Summer time observed

Western European Summer Time (WEST, UTC+01:00) is a summer daylight saving time scheme, 1 hour ahead of Greenwich Mean Time and Coordinated Universal Time. It is used in:

The following countries also use the same time zone for their daylight saving time but use a different title:

The scheme runs from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October each year. At both the start and end of the schemes, clock changes take place at 01:00 UTC+00:00. During the winter, Western European Time (WET, GMT+0 or UTC±00:00) is used.

The start and end dates of the scheme are asymmetrical in terms of daylight hours: the vernal time of year with a similar amount of daylight to late October is mid-February, well before the start of summer time. The asymmetry reflects temperature more than the length of daylight.

Ireland observes Irish Standard Time during the summer months and changes to UTC±00:00 in winter.[1] As Ireland's winter time period begins on the last Sunday in October and finishes on the last Sunday in March, the result is the same as if it observed summer time.

Usage

The following countries and territories use UTC+01:00 during the summer, between 1:00 UTC on the last Sunday of March and 1:00 UTC on the last Sunday of October.

  • Canary Islands, regularly since 1980 (rest of Spain is CEST, i.e. UTC+02:00)
  • Faroe Islands, regularly since 1981
  • Ireland
    • 1916–1939 summers IST
    • 1940–1946 all year IST
    • 1947–1968 summers IST
    • 1968–1971 all year IST
    • 1972– summers IST
  • Portugal
    • Continental Portugal[5]
      • 1916–1921 summers WEST
      • 1924 summer WEST
      • 1926–1929 summers WEST
      • 1931–1932 summers WEST
      • 1934–1941 summers WEST
      • 1942–1945 summers WEST (1942–1945 midsummers Western European Midsummer Time|WEMT[6][7]=WEST+1)
      • 1946–1966 summers WEST
      • 1966–1976 all year WEST/CET
      • 1977–1992 summers WEST
      • 1992–1996 winters WEST/CET (1993–1995 summers CEST)
      • 1996– summers WEST
    • Madeira, regularly since 1982[8]
  • The United Kingdom
    • 1916–1939 summers BST
    • 1940–1945 all year BST (1941–1945 summers BDST=BST+1)
    • 1946 summer BST
    • 1947 summer BST (1947 midsummer BDST=BST+1)
    • 1948–1968 summers BST
    • 1968–1971 all year BST
    • 1972– summers BST

Ireland

In Ireland, since the Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971, Ireland has used UTC+1 in summer (officially "standard time",[9] Irish: am caighdeánach,[10] though usually called "summer time") and UTC+0 in winter (officially "winter time").[11]

Portugal

Portugal moved to Central European Time and Central European Summer Time in 1992, but reverted to Western European Time in 1996 after concluding that energy savings were small, it had a disturbing effect on children's sleeping habits as it would not get dark until 22:00 or 22:30 in summer evenings, during winter mornings the sun was still rising at 9:00, with repercussions on standards of learning and school performance, and insurance companies reported a rise in the number of accidents.[12]

United Kingdom

Starting in 1916, the dates for the beginning and end of BST each year were mandated by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. From 1940 to 1945, the country used British Summer Time in the winter months and British Double Summer Time, a further hour ahead of GMT, in the summer months. From 1968 to 1971, the country used BST throughout the year. In February 2002, the Summer Time Order 2002[13] changed the dates and times to match European rules for moving to and from daylight saving time.

Start and end dates of British Summer Time and Irish Standard Time

Year Begins (GMT) Ends (GMT) UK Notes Ireland Notes
2023 Sun 26 March 01:00 Sun 29 October 01:00
2022 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 30 October 01:00
2021 Sun 28 March 01:00 Sun 31 October 01:00
2020 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
2019 Sun 31 March 01:00 Sun 27 October 01:00
2018 Sun 25 March 01:00 Sun 28 October 01:00
2017 Sun 26 March 01:00 Sun 29 October 01:00 
2016 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 30 October 01:00
2015 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
2014 Sun 30 March 01:00 Sun 26 October 01:00
2013 Sun 31 March 01:00 Sun 27 October 01:00
2012 Sun 25 March 01:00 Sun 28 October 01:00
2011 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 30 October 01:00
2010 Sun 28 March 01:00 Sun 31 October 01:00
2009 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
2008 Sun 30 March 01:00 Sun 26 October 01:00
2007 Sun 25 March 01:00 Sun 28 October 01:00
2006 Sun 26 March 01:00 Sun 29 October 01:00
2005 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 30 October 01:00
2004 Sun 28 March 01:00 Sun 31 October 01:00
2003 Sun 30 March 01:00 Sun 26 October 01:00
2002 Sun 31 March 01:00 Sun 27 October 01:00 UK adopts EU practice[13][14] Ireland adopts EU Practice [14][15]
2001 Sun 25 March 01:00 Sun 28 October 01:00
2000 Sun 26 March 01:00 Sun 29 October 01:00
1999 Sun 28 March 01:00 Sun 31 October 01:00
1998 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
1997 Sun 30 March 01:00 Sun 26 October 01:00
1996 Sun 31 March 01:00 Sun 27 October 01:00
1995 Sun 26 March 01:00 Sun 22 October 01:00
1994 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 23 October 01:00
1993 Sun 28 March 01:00 Sun 24 October 01:00
1992 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
1991 Sun 31 March 01:00 Sun 27 October 01:00
1990 Sun 25 March 01:00 Sun 28 October 01:00
1989 Sun 26 March 01:00 Sun 29 October 01:00
1988 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 23 October 01:00
1987 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
1986 Sun 30 March 01:00 Sun 26 October 01:00
1985 Sun 31 March 01:00 Sun 27 October 01:00
1984 Sun 25 March 01:00 Sun 28 October 01:00
1983 Sun 27 March 01:00 Sun 23 October 01:00
1982 Sun 28 March 01:00 Sun 24 October 01:00
1981 Sun 29 March 01:00 Sun 25 October 01:00
1980 Sun 16 March 02:00 Sun 26 October 02:00
1979 Sun 18 March 02:00 Sun 28 October 02:00
1978 Sun 19 March 02:00 Sun 29 October 02:00
1977 Sun 20 March 02:00 Sun 23 October 02:00
1976 Sun 21 March 02:00 Sun 24 October 02:00
1975 Sun 16 March 02:00 Sun 26 October 02:00
1974 Sun 17 March 02:00 Sun 27 October 02:00
1973 Sun 18 March 02:00 Sun 28 October 02:00
1972 Sun 19 March 02:00 Sun 29 October 02:00
1971 Sun 31 October 02:00 BST all year ends IST all year ends
1970 BST all year IST all year
1969 BST all year IST all year
1968 Sun 18 February 01:00 BST all year begins IST all year begins
1967 Sun 19 March 02:00 Sun 29 October 02:00
1966 Sun 20 March 02:00 Sun 23 October 02:00
1965 Sun 21 March 02:00 Sun 24 October 02:00
1964 Sun 22 March 02:00 Sun 25 October 02:00
1963 Sun 31 March 02:00 Sun 27 October 02:00
1962 Sun 25 March 02:00 Sun 28 October 02:00
1961 Sun 26 March 02:00 Sun 29 October 02:00
1960 Sun 10 April 02:00 Sun 2 October 02:00
1959 Sun 12 April 02:00 Sun 4 October 02:00
1958 Sun 20 April 02:00 Sun 5 October 02:00
1957 Sun 14 April 02:00 Sun 6 October 02:00
1956 Sun 22 April 02:00 Sun 7 October 02:00
1955 Sun 17 April 02:00 Sun 2 October 02:00
1954 Sun 11 April 02:00 Sun 3 October 02:00
1953 Sun 19 April 02:00 Sun 4 October 02:00
1952 Sun 20 April 02:00 Sun 26 October 02:00
1951 Sun 15 April 02:00 Sun 21 October 02:00
1950 Sun 16 April 02:00 Sun 29 October 02:00
1949 Sun 3 April 02:00 Sun 30 October 02:00
1948 Sun 14 March 02:00 Sun 31 October 02:00
1947 Sun 2 November 02:00 Back to GMT Back to GMT
Sun 13 April 02:00 Sun 10 August 02:00 BDST (2 hours ahead) IST / no DST
Sun 16 March 02:00 BST begins IST begins
1946 Sun 14 April 02:00 Sun 6 October 02:00 Back to GMT (Oct)
1945 Sun 7 October 02:00 Back to GMT IST
Mon 2 April 01:00 Sun 15 July 01:00 BDST (2 hours ahead) IST / no DST
1944 Sun 2 April 01:00 Sun 17 September 01:00 BDST (2 hours ahead) IST / no DST
1943 Sun 4 April 01:00 Sun 15 August 01:00 BDST (2 hours ahead) IST / no DST
1942 Sun 5 April 01:00 Sun 9 August 01:00 BDST (2 hours ahead) IST / no DST
1941 Sun 4 May 01:00 Sun 10 August 01:00 BDST (2 hours ahead) IST / no DST
1940 Sun 25 February 02:00 BST 1940–1945 IST 1940–1946
1939 Sun 16 April 02:00 Sun 19 November 02:00
1938 Sun 10 April 02:00 Sun 2 October 02:00
1937 Sun 18 April 02:00 Sun 3 October 02:00
1936 Sun 19 April 02:00 Sun 4 October 02:00
1935 Sun 14 April 02:00 Sun 6 October 02:00
1934 Sun 22 April 02:00 Sun 7 October 02:00
1933 Sun 9 April 02:00 Sun 8 October 02:00
1932 Sun 17 April 02:00 Sun 2 October 02:00
1931 Sun 19 April 02:00 Sun 4 October 02:00
1930 Sun 13 April 02:00 Sun 5 October 02:00
1929 Sun 21 April 02:00 Sun 6 October 02:00
1928 Sun 22 April 02:00 Sun 7 October 02:00
1927 Sun 10 April 02:00 Sun 2 October 02:00
1926 Sun 18 April 02:00 Sun 3 October 02:00
1925 Sun 19 April 02:00 Sun 4 October 02:00
1924 Sun 13 April 02:00 Sun 21 September 02:00
1923 Sun 22 April 02:00 Sun 16 September 02:00
1922 Sun 26 March 02:00 Sun 8 October 02:00
1921 Sun 3 April 02:00 Sun 2 October 02:00
1920 Sun 28 March 02:00 Sun 24 October 02:00
1919 Sun 30 March 02:00 Sun 28 September 02:00
1918 Sun 24 March 02:00 Sun 29 September 02:00
1917 Sun 8 April 02:00 Sun 16 September 02:00
1916 Sun 21 May 02:00 Sun 1 October 02:00 Abolition of DMT

Note: Until 1 October 1916 time in all of Ireland was based on Dublin Mean Time, GMT − 25 minutes.

References

  1. ^ a b "STANDARD TIME ACT, 1968".
  2. ^ "AN tACHT UM AM CAIGHDEÁNACH, 1968".
  3. ^ "timeanddate.com webpage erroneously referring to IST as "Irish Summer Time"". Retrieved 27 August 2009.
  4. ^ "Example of Trinity College, Dublin using the term "Irish Summer Time"". Trinity College, Dublin. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
  5. ^ "Hora Legal em Portugal Continental [Standard and Summer Time in Continental Portugal]" (PDF) (in Portuguese). Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  6. ^ "Time Changes in Lisbon over the years (1925–1949); Time Zone in Lisbon, Portugal". timeanddate.com. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  7. ^ Law, Gwillim (30 May 2001). "Time Zones of Portugal". Statoids. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  8. ^ "Decreto Regional n.º 5/82/M, de 3 de Abril [Regional Decree 5/82/M, 3 April 1982]" (PDF). Diário da República, I Série, n.º 78, 7 de Abril de 1982 (in Portuguese). 7 April 1982. pp. 777–778. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  9. ^ "Standard Time Act, 1968". Irish Statute Book. Attorney General. 15 July 1968.
  10. ^ "Standard time". Focal. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  11. ^ "Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971". Irish Statute Book. Attorney General. 20 July 1971.
  12. ^ "Lighter Evenings (Experiment) Bill [HL]".
  13. ^ a b "Statutory Instrument 2002 No. 262—The Summer Time Order 2002".
  14. ^ a b "Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements".
  15. ^ "Winter Time Order, 2001".

Further reading

  • Prerau, David. Saving the Daylight: Why We Put the Clocks Forward (ISBN 1-86207-796-7) — The Story of Summer Time/Daylight Saving Time with a focus on the UK

External links

Read other articles:

Light rail station in Singapore  BP14 Ten Mile Junction十里广场பத்தாம் கல் சந்திப்பு Light Rail Transit (LRT) stationInterior of Ten Mile Junction LRT StationGeneral informationLocation1 Woodlands RoadSingapore 677899Coordinates1°22′49″N 103°45′36″E / 1.380289°N 103.760094°E / 1.380289; 103.760094Operated bySMRT Trains Ltd (SMRT Corporation)Line(s)  Bukit Panjang LRTPlatforms1 (1 side platform)Track…

Automotive design RR layout In automotive design, an RR, or rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout places both the engine and drive wheels at the rear of the vehicle. In contrast to the RMR layout, the center of mass of the engine is between the rear axle and the rear bumper. Although very common in transit buses and coaches due to the elimination of the drive shaft with low-floor buses, this layout has become increasingly rare[specify] in passenger cars.[1] Overview Mercedes-Benz …

Sholehien AbuasirS.P., M.Si. Wakil Bupati Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan ke-3PetahanaMulai menjabat 17 Februari 2016PresidenJoko WidodoGubernurAlex Noerdin Herman DeruBupatiPopo Ali MartopoPendahuluHerawati Gatot Informasi pribadiLahir19 September 1967 (umur 56)Muaradua, Sumatera SelatanKebangsaanIndonesiaPartai politik  NasDemSuami/istriRosita DevyAnak4Alma materUniversitas Muhammadiyah Palembang Universitas IndonesiaPekerjaanBirokrat, PolitikusSunting kotak info • L…

Pop!_OS Parte de Linux (Unix-like) Información generalTipo de programa distribución LinuxDesarrollador System76Lanzamiento inicial 27 de octubre de 2017[1]​Información técnicaPlataformas admitidas x86-64Interfaz gráfica predeterminada GNOMEVersionesÚltima versión estable 22.04 LTS (info) ( 25 de abril de 2022 (1 año, 7 meses y 8 días))Enlaces Sitio web oficial Repositorio de código [editar datos en Wikidata] Pop!_OS es una distribución de Linux gratuita …

Ужурський район рос. Ужурский район Герб Ужурського району Прапор Ужурського району Основні дані Суб'єкт Російської Федерації: Красноярський край Утворений: 4 квітня 1924 року Населення: 31 124 Площа: 4226 км² Густота населення: 7,36 осіб/км² Населені пункти та поселення Адмініс…

Stasiun Tōbu-kanasaki東武金崎駅Stasiun Tōbu-kanasaki pada Agustus 2021Lokasi243-2 Kanasaki Nishikata-machi, Tochigi-shi, Tochigi-ken 322-0601JepangKoordinat36°27′59″N 139°44′58″E / 36.4664°N 139.7494°E / 36.4664; 139.7494Koordinat: 36°27′59″N 139°44′58″E / 36.4664°N 139.7494°E / 36.4664; 139.7494Pengelola Tobu RailwayJalur Jalur Tobu NikkoLetak dari pangkal56.6 km dari Tōbu-Dōbutsu-KōenJumlah peron1 peron pulauInfo…

СнежечеSnežeče|coordinates_footnotes= |coor_pinpoint= Основні дані 46°00′20″ пн. ш. 13°31′42″ сх. д. / 46.00555600002777368° пн. ш. 13.52861100002777661° сх. д. / 46.00555600002777368; 13.52861100002777661Координати: 46°00′20″ пн. ш. 13°31′42″ сх. д. / 46.00555600002777368° пн. ш. 13.52861100002777661° сх.&…

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) كريستين والاس معلومات شخصية الميلاد سنة 1960 (العمر 62–63 سنة)  مواطنة أستراليا  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة سيدنيالجامعة الوطنية الأسترالية  الم…

Pieds paquets Pieds paquets marseillais. Autre(s) nom(s) Pieds et paquets Lieu d’origine Marseille Créateur Louis Ginouvès Date 1880 Place dans le service Mets principal Température de service Chaude Ingrédients Panse et pieds de mouton, mijotés dans une sauce au vin blanc et à la tomate Mets similaires Tripo à la reboulado en vinaigrette Accompagnement Côtes-du-rhône rouge modifier  Les pieds paquets ou pieds et paquets sont une spécialité marseillaise. L'invention de la recet…

село Кам'янка Країна  Україна Область Дніпропетровська область Район Криворізький район Громада Апостолівська міська громада Облікова картка Кам'янка  Основні дані Засноване Початок XIX століття Населення 1539 Поштовий індекс 53830 Телефонний код +380 5656 Географічні дані …

この項目では、学校法人野田学園が運営する山口県の中学・高等学校について説明しています。医歯薬専門予備校「野田クルゼ」の運営会社である株式会社野田学園については「早稲田アカデミー」を、学校法人神戸野田学園については「神戸野田高等学校」をご覧ください。 野田学園中学・高等学校 野田学園高等学校 野田学園幼稚園 北緯34度11分12.3秒 東経131度28分46.1

Uang logam 10 sen Australia Uang logam 10 sen (10¢) adalah nilai uang koin yang pertama kali diperkenalkan di Australia pada tahun 1966 untuk mengganti mantan uang logam di Shilling Australia. Uang logam ini memiliki nilai 1/10 di dolar Australia. Referensi Ian W. Pitt, ed. (2000). Renniks Australian Coin and Banknote Values (edisi ke-19). Chippendale, N.S.W.: Renniks Publications. ISBN 0-9585574-4-6.  Pranala luar (Inggris) Australian Decimal Currency Diarsipkan 2012-12-27 di Wayback…

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (فبراير 2016) اللجنة الكورية لتكنولوجيا الفضاء   تفاصيل الوكالة الحكومية البلد كوريا الشمالية  تأسست 1980  تم إنها…

Railway station in Karnakata, India KrishnarajapuramKr̥ṣṇarājapuraṁKrshnaraajapuraam Indian Railways stationKrishnarajapuram Railway stationGeneral informationOther namesKrishnarajapura K.R. Puram / K.R. PuraLocationJunction of OMR (NH 4) and Outer Ring Road, Krishnarajapura, Bengaluru, Karnataka IndiaCoordinates13°00′02″N 77°40′31″E / 13.00065°N 77.67533°E / 13.00065; 77.67533Elevation903.26 metersOwned byIndian RailwaysLine(s)Chennai Central–B…

Place de l'Hôtel-de-Ville Coördinaten 48° 51′ NB, 2° 21′ OL Arrondissement 4e Quartier Saint-Merri Lengte 155 m Breedte 82 m Naam sinds 1803 Het stadhuis aan het plein Portaal    Parijs De Place de l'Hôtel-de-Ville (Stadhuisplein), tot 1803 Place de Grève genoemd, is een plein in de Franse hoofdstad Parijs. Het plein is gesitueerd aan de oever van de rivier de Seine. Hier komt ook de vroegere naam vandaan: een grève is een vlak terrein van grind of zand lan…

Beethoven en 1804. Los Tríos para piano, Op. 70 son dos piezas camerísticas para piano, violín y violonchelo compuestas Ludwig van Beethoven en 1808. La partitura está dedicada a la condesa Anna Maria Erdődy.[1]​[2]​[3]​[4]​[5]​ Historia Partitura autógrafa del Op. 70 n.º 1 (Morgan Library & Museum, Nueva York). Composición La composición de ambos tríos para piano tuvo lugar mientras pasaba el verano de 1808 de nuevo en Heiligenstadt, Viena,[6]​ …

Website dedicated to sharing the best of humanity UpworthyType of businessPrivateType of siteNews and entertainmentAvailable inEnglishFoundedMarch 14, 2012; 11 years ago (2012-03-14)[1]HeadquartersLos Angeles, California, United StatesOwnerGood WorldwideFounder(s)Eli Pariser and Peter KoechleyCEOMax SchorrURLupworthy.comCurrent statusActive Upworthy is a storytelling website with a focus on positive aspects. It was started in March 2012 by Eli Pariser, the for…

1935 film by John Cromwell JalnaScene from the film featuring (left to right) David Manners, Molly Lamont, Kay Johnson, Nigel Bruce and Ian HunterDirected byJohn CromwellWritten byMazo de la Roche (novel)Garrett Fort (adaptation)Lawrence P. Bachmann (adaptation)Anthony Veiller (screenplay)Produced byKenneth MacgowanStarringKay JohnsonIan HunterC. Aubrey SmithMusic byAlberto ColomboProductioncompanyRKO Radio PicturesDistributed byRKO Radio PicturesRelease date August 9, 1935 (1935-…

American YouTube streamer (born 1982) This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: Several references are on the non-reliable reference list and need replacement and/or removal. Please help improve this article if you can. (July 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Dr DisrespectDr Disrespect in 2018BornHerschel Beahm IV (1982-03-10) March 10, 1982 (age 41)Other names The Doc The Two-time Doc The 6' 8 gaming great…

Mustafa Dzhemilev Mustafa Abduldzhemil Dzhemilev (bahasa Tatar Krimea: Mustafa Abdülcemil Cemilev, bahasa Rusia: Мустафа́ Абдулджеми́ль Джеми́лев, bahasa Ukraina: Мустафа́ Абдульджемі́ль Джемі́лєв, juga dikenal luas dengan fnama singkat diskritifnya Qırımoğlu, Tatar Krimea Cyrillic: Къырымогълу, bahasa Rusia: Кырымоглу́, bahasa Ukraina: Киримоглу́, lahir 13 November 1943, Mizhrichi…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya

Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.143.244.45