Water sprout

"Watersprout" redirects here. For tornados over water, see Waterspout.
Vertical water sprout on Prunus
Water sprouts arising from epicormic buds within the trunk of Betula

Water sprouts or water shoots are shoots that arise from the trunk of a tree or from branches that are several years old, from latent buds.[1] The latent buds might be visible on the bark of the tree, or submerged under the bark as epicormic buds. They are sometimes called suckers, although that term is more correctly applied to shoots that arise from below ground,[1] from the roots, and a distance from the trunk.[2]

Vigorous upright water sprouts often develop in response to various factors such as physical damage, heavy pruning (or pruning in general), sub-par environmental conditions (i.e. drought, overhydration, improper soil conditions), and in response to pest and/or disease.[3]

The structure of water-sprout regrowth is not as strong as natural tree growth,[4] and the shoots are more subject to diseases and pests.[4] A system of principles of pruning considers this type of shoot undesirable on orchard trees because very little fruit is produced on them.[5]

Species Prone to Water Sprout Growth

As water sprout growth can form on many different genera, there are species that are genetically predisposed to water sprout growth. Some of the most affected genera are as follows. Crab Apple (Malus), Oak (Quercus), Maple (Acer), and Dogwood (Cornus).[6]

Water Sprouts for Grafting

Young vigorous water sprouts can be used in grafting.[7] Water sprouts are selected for this process due to their age and flexibility classifying them as a soft wood cutting ideal for the practice. This is especially prevalent in fruit tree production.[8]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Hartmann, H.T.; Kester, D.E. 1983. Plant propagation: Principles and practices. Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs.
  2. ^ Beentje, H.; Williamson, J. (2010). The Kew Plant Glossary: an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Kew Publishing.
  3. ^ Parkes, Dr Heidi (2023-09-22). "Water Sprout Removal – How To Prune Apple Tree Water Sprouts". Retrieved 2024-04-10.
  4. ^ a b C. A. Kaiser, M. L. Witt, J. R. Hartman, R. E. McNiel and W. C. Dunwell, 1988. Warning: Topping is hazardous to your tree's health. Journal of Arboriculture, 12(2):50–52
  5. ^ Hall-Beyer, B.; Richard, J. 1983. Ecological Fruit Production in the North. Published by the authors.
  6. ^ "Can water sprouts and suckers be prevented on trees?". Extension. 2021-02-26. Retrieved 2024-04-10.
  7. ^ Michael Phillips 2005. The apple grower: a guide for the organic orchardist Chelsea Green Publishing in Google books
  8. ^ Lollar, Matt (2021-02-18). "Fruit Tree Grafting Tips and Scion Selection". Gardening in the Panhandle. Retrieved 2024-04-10.


Stub icon

This plant morphology article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Read other articles:

S. B. Majmudar

S. B. Majmudar Hakim Mahkamah Agung IndiaMasa jabatan19-09-1994–19-08-2000 Informasi pribadiKebangsaanIndiaProfesiHakimSunting kotak info • L • B S. B. Majmudar adalah hakim Mahkamah Agung India. Ia mulai menjabat sebagai hakim di mahkamah tersebut pada 19-09-1994. Masa baktinya sebagai hakim berakhir pada 19-08-2000.[1] Referensi ^ Daftar Hakim di Mahkamah Agung India. Mahkamah Agung India. Diakses tanggal 10 Juni 2021.  Artikel bertopik biografi India ini adalah...

 

Jill St. John

Jill St. JohnSt. John pada tahun 1964LahirJill Arlyn Oppenheim19 Agustus 1940 (umur 83)Los Angeles, California, A.S.PendidikanHollywood Professional SchoolPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1949–2014Suami/istri Neil Dubin ​ ​(m. 1957; c. 1958)​ Lance Reventlow ​ ​(m. 1960; c. 1963)​ Jack Jones ​ ​(m. 1967; c. 1969)​ Robert Wagner ​(m...

 

Platybelodon

Platybelodon Periode Miosen, 15–10 jtyl PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Platybelodon grangeri (en) Sebuah gambar ilustrasi dari Platybelodon grangeri.TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasMammaliaOrdoProboscideaFamiliAmebelodontidaeGenusPlatybelodon Borissiak, 1928 Spesies P. danovi Borissiak, 1928 (type) P. grangeri Osborn, 1929 P. loomisi (Barbour, 1929) P. barnumbrowni (Barbour, 1931) lbs Platybelodon (taring senjata datar) adalah genus mamalia herbivor besar yang berkera...

قائمة المناطق في الولايات المتحدة

لا يزال النص الموجود في هذه الصفحة في مرحلة الترجمة من الإنجليزية إلى العربية. إذا كنت تعرف اللغة الإنجليزية، لا تتردد في الترجمة. هذه قائمة ببعض المناطق في الولايات المتحدة. يتم تعريف العديد من المناطق في القانون أو اللوائح من قبل الحكومة الفيدرالية؛ بينما البعض الآخر يتم...

 

Saint-Sulpice, Ain

Saint-SulpiceSaint-Sulpice Lokasi di Region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Saint-Sulpice Koordinat: 46°19′16″N 5°02′33″E / 46.3211°N 5.0425°E / 46.3211; 5.0425NegaraPrancisRegionAuvergne-Rhône-AlpesDepartemenAinArondisemenBourg-en-BresseKantonMontrevel-en-BresseAntarkomuneMontrevel-en-BressePemerintahan • Wali kota (2008–2014) Philippe PorstLuas • Land15,26 km2 (203 sq mi) • Populasi2135 • Kepadatan P...

 

Mira Mesa, San Diego

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Mira Mesa, San Diego – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Neighborhood of San Diego in San Diego, CaliforniaMira Mesa, San DiegoNeighborhood of San DiegoMira MesaNickname: Manila...

Paramount Parks

Former amusement park owner and operator Paramount ParksCompany typeSubsidiaryIndustryTheme Parks and Themed AttractionsFounded1993; 31 years ago (1993)DefunctJune 30, 2006 (sold to Cedar Fair)2017 (licensing contract terminated)HeadquartersCharlotte, North Carolina, U.S.Key people80 (2004)ParentParamount Communications (1993-1994)Viacom (1994-2005)CBS Corporation (2005–2006)Cedar Fair (2006-2007) Paramount Parks was the operator of Paramount's Kings Island, Paramount's Ki...

 

Eccellenza Lazio 2005-2006

Voce principale: Eccellenza 2005-2006. Eccellenza Lazio 2005-2006 Competizione Campionato di Eccellenza Sport Calcio Edizione 16ª Organizzatore FIGC - LND Comitato Regionale Lazio Luogo Italia Partecipanti 36 Risultati Vincitore Anziolavinio (Girone A)Morolo (Girone B) Altre promozioni Civitavecchiese Retrocessioni MartaNuova S. Maria delle MoleFiumicinoPro Calcio Sabina Roma VIIISezze SetinaTorbellamonacaAlatri Cronologia della competizione 2004-2005 2006-2007 Manuale Il campionato italian...

 

ISO 3166-2:SJ

Entry for Svalbard and Jan Mayen in ISO 3166-2 Adventdalen in Svalbard ISO 3166-2:SJ is the entry for Svalbard and Jan Mayen in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard defines codes for names of principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. Svalbard and Jan Mayen does not exist as an administrative region, but rather consists of two separate parts of Norway under separate jurisdictions—Svalb...

Amandel

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang organ di dalam mulut. Untuk tumbuhan dengan nama sama dari subkeluarga Prunoidae, lihat Badam. Tonsil di dalam rongga mulut. Amandel (Belanda: keelamandel, amandelcode: nl is deprecated ) atau tonsil (Inggris: tonsil) adalah salah satu organ limfatik yang berada pada setiap sisi belakang tenggorokan. Organ ini juga merupakan salah satu bagian pembentuk sistem kekebalan dan dapat memproduksi antibodi untuk melawan berbagai macam kuman atau yang menyerang ...

 

Status of Gibraltar

Political dispute in the Iberian Peninsula PlaceStatus of Gibraltar Gibraltar FlagGovernment • TypeParliamentary democracy within a constitutional monarchy • MonarchCharles III • GovernorSir David Steel • Chief MinisterFabian Picardo • Density5,000/km2 (12,949.9/sq mi) Population figures from the Government of Gibraltar.Time zoneUTC+1 • Summer (DST)UTC+2ISO 3166 codeGI Politics of Gibraltar Constitution Constitu...

 

Sufficient dimension reduction

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Sufficient dimension reduction – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2017) In statistics, sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) is a paradigm for analyzing data that combines the ideas of dimension reduction with the concept of sufficiency...

Yuan Shikai

Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources (août 2018). Si vous disposez d'ouvrages ou d'articles de référence ou si vous connaissez des sites web de qualité traitant du thème abordé ici, merci de compléter l'article en donnant les références utiles à sa vérifiabilité et en les liant à la section « Notes et références ». En pratique : Quelles sources sont attendues ? Com...

 

Rock urbano

Rock Urbano (Spanish for Urban Rock) is a hard rock movement developed at late 1970s in Spain. Influenced by hard rock acts like Led Zeppelin or Deep Purple and early punk rock bands such as Ramones or The Clash, their lyrics deal about social and marginal problems. Thus, in groups like Leño were influenced by hard rock and blues rock, in others as Barricada, the heavy metal and punk, while in groups like Extremoduro and Marea performs a rock with poetic lyrics, however, they retain the rawn...

 

Ladislav Hučko

The Right ReverendLadislav HučkoTitular Bishop of HoraeaLadislav HučkoChurchRuthenian Greek Catholic ChurchDioceseApostolic Exarchate in the Czech RepublicSeeTitular See of HoraeaIn office2003–PredecessorAtilano Rodríguez MartínezSuccessorincumbentOrdersOrdinationMarch 30, 1996ConsecrationMay 31, 2003by Đura DžudžarPersonal detailsBorn (1948-02-16) 16 February 1948 (age 76)Prešov, Czechoslovakia (present day Slovakia)Coat of arms Ladislav Hučko (born 16 February 1948) is...

Every Loser

2023 studio album by Iggy Pop Every LoserStudio album by Iggy PopReleasedJanuary 6, 2023 (2023-01-06)Genre Alternative rock[1] punk rock Length36:53Label Gold Tooth Atlantic ProducerAndrew WattIggy Pop chronology Free(2019) Every Loser(2023) Singles from Every Loser FrenzyReleased: October 28, 2022 Strung Out JohnnyReleased: December 12, 2022 Every Loser is the nineteenth studio album by American rock singer Iggy Pop, released on January 6, 2023, by Gold Tooth and A...

 

乌克兰总理

 烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/（英文） 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表（英语：Representatives of the President of Ukraine） 总...

 

西遊記大結局之仙履奇緣

本條目存在以下問題，請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要編修，以確保文法、用詞、语气、格式、標點等使用恰当。 (2013年8月6日)請按照校對指引，幫助编辑這個條目。（幫助、討論） 此條目剧情、虛構用語或人物介紹过长过细，需清理无关故事主轴的细节、用語和角色介紹。 (2020年10月6日)劇情、用語和人物介紹都只是用於了解故事主軸，輔助�...

Killian Timoney

American politician Killian TimoneyMember of the Kentucky House of Representativesfrom the 45th districtIncumbentAssumed office January 1, 2021Preceded byStan Lee Personal detailsBorn (1975-09-05) September 5, 1975 (age 48)Ithaca, New York, U.S.Political partyRepublicanEducationUniversity of Kentucky (BA, MA) Killian Timoney (born September 5, 1975)[1] is an American politician and educator serving as a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from the 45th...

 

Template talk:猶太人和猶太教

          本Template依照页面评级標準自動評為重定向级。本Template属于下列维基专题范畴： 传记专题 （获评重定向級、不适用重要度） 传记专题:传记Template:WikiProject Biography传记条目 人物主题查论编这个重定向属于传记专题的一部分，用于整理和撰写维基百科中的人物条目。欢迎任何感兴趣的参与者加入这个专题并参与讨论。  重定向  根据专题质量评级标准，本Templ...