Wadi Howar

Wadi Howar
Map of Sudan (after 2011)
Map
Physical characteristics
MouthNile
 • coordinates
18°11′56″N 30°44′26″E / 18.19889°N 30.74056°E / 18.19889; 30.74056

Wadi Howar (Wadi Howa or Yellow Nile) is a wadi in Sudan and Chad.

Geography

Originating in the Ennedi Region of Chad Wadi Howar runs through the Sudanese states of North Darfur and Northern to join the Nile north of the great bend opposite Old Dongola. Stretching over 1100 km[1]: 25  in west–east direction across the southern fringes of the Libyan Desert, it ordinarily receives 25 mm of rainfall per year.[2]

Holocene period

Map of Nile tributaries in modern Sudan

Wadi Howar is the remnant of the ancient Yellow Nile, a tributary of the Nile during the African humid period from about 9500 to 4500 years ago. At that time, savanna fauna and cattle herders occupied this region and the southern edge of the Sahara was some 500 kilometres (310 mi) further north than it is today.[2] When the Sahara underwent desertification between 6000 and 4000 years ago, the wadi first became a chain of freshwater lakes and marshes, as shown by Ptolemy's world map, then it became extinct about 2000 years ago.[1]: 28 

Archaeology

Abundant prehistoric sites certify Wadi Howar as a once ecologically favoured area of settlement and a communication route between the inner regions of Africa and the Nile Valley.[1]: 31  The hitherto most thoroughly investigated archaeological site in the wadi is Gala Abu Ahmed.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Soghayroun, Intisar Soghayroun Elzein (2010). Trade and Wadi System(s) in Muslim Sudan. Kampala. hdl:1956/3994. ISBN 978-9970-25-005-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  2. ^ a b Kröpelin, Stefan; Pachur, Hans-Joachim (1987). "Wadi Howar: Paleoclimatic Evidence from an Extinct River System in the Southeastern Sahara". Science. 237 (4812): 298–300. Bibcode:1987Sci...237..298P. doi:10.1126/science.237.4812.298. PMID 17772057. S2CID 3894313.

Read other articles:

Duyung

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Duyung (disambiguasi). Duyung Periode Early Eocene–Recent PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Dugong dugon Status konservasiRentanIUCN6909 TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasMammaliaOrdoSireniaFamiliDugongidaeGenusDugongSpesiesDugong dugon (Müller, 1776) Tata namaSinonim taksonTrichecus dugon (en)Trichechus dugong (en)Trichechus dugung (en) ProtonimTrichecus dugon DistribusiKawasan habitat duyung lbs Duyung[2] atau dugong[3] (Dugong dugon) adala...

 

Gaetano Scirea

Italian footballer (1953–1989) Gaetano Scirea Scirea with Juventus in 1975Personal informationDate of birth (1953-05-25)25 May 1953Place of birth Cernusco sul Naviglio, Lombardy, ItalyDate of death 3 September 1989(1989-09-03) (aged 36)Place of death Babsk, Skierniewice, PolandHeight 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)Position(s) DefenderYouth career1970–1972 AtalantaSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1972–1974 Atalanta 58 (1)1974–1988 Juventus 377 (24)Total 435 (25)International ...

 

Bagitto

BagittoParlato in Italia (Livorno) TassonomiaFilogenesiLingue indoeuropee Italiche  Romanze   Italo-occidentali    Romanze occidentali     Italo-dalmate      Giudeo-italiane       Bagitto Manuale Il bagitto è un dialetto giudeo-italiano utilizzato dagli ebrei in Italia; in Toscana e in Corsica in senso lato, e in senso stretto dalla comunità di Liv...

Lee Tae-ran

Ini adalah nama Korea; marganya adalah Lee. Lee Tae-ranLahir25 Maret 1975 (umur 49)Yeonggwang County, Jeolla Selatan, Korea SelatanKebangsaanKorea SelatanAlmamaterUnversitas HanyangPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1997 – sekarangAgenSTAR PAGE EntertainmentTinggi170 m (557 ft 9 in)Suami/istriShin Seung-hwan (m. 2014)Nama KoreaHangul이태란 Alih AksaraI Tae-nanMcCune–ReischauerI T'ae-nan Lee Tae-ran (Hangul: 이태란; lahir 25 Maret 1975) adalah aktris asal Kor...

 

Persikup Kulon Progo

Persikup Kulon ProgoNama lengkapPersatuan Sepak bola Indonesia Kulon ProgoJulukanKuda Jawa Pendekar Bukit Menoreh Laskar BinangunStadionStadion Cangkring Kulonprogo, DIY, Indonesia(Kapasitas: 7.000)ManajerSubiyaktoPelatihMarutaAsisten PelatihHelmi AgusLigaLiga 3 zona DIY Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Persikup Kulon Progo atau Persatuan Sepak bola Indonesia Kulon Progo adalah sebuah klub sepak bola Indonesia yang berasal dari Kabupaten Kulonprogo, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Saat ini,...

 

1910s in film

Overview of the events of the 1910s in film List of years in film … 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 … In television 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 Art Archaeology Architecture Literature Music Philosophy Science +... Years in film 19th century 1870s 1880s 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890s 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900s 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 190...

莎拉·阿什頓-西里洛

莎拉·阿什頓-西里洛2023年8月，阿什頓-西里洛穿著軍服出生 (1977-07-09) 1977年7月9日（46歲） 美國佛羅里達州国籍 美國别名莎拉·阿什頓（Sarah Ashton）莎拉·西里洛（Sarah Cirillo）金髮女郎（Blonde）职业記者、活動家、政治活動家和候選人、軍醫活跃时期2020年—雇主內華達州共和黨候選人（2020年）《Political.tips》（2020年—）《LGBTQ國度》（2022年3月—2022年10月）烏克蘭媒...

 

Vinland

Đối với các định nghĩa khác, xem Vinland (định hướng). Leiv Eriksson oppdager Amerika (Leif Erikson khám phá ra châu Mỹ) của Christian Krogh (1893) Nhà dài Bắc Âu tái dựng, khu lịch sử quốc gia L’Anse aux Meadows tại Newfoundland và Labrador, Canada Vinland, Vineland[1][2] hay Winland[3] (tiếng Bắc Âu cổ: Vínland) là tên của khu vực duyên hải Bắc Mỹ được khám phá bởi người Viking Bắc Âu, mà ...

 

Rob N Roll

Rob N RollPoster resmi filmNama lainHanzi Tradisional 臨時劫案 Hanzi Sederhana 临时劫案 Arti harfiahProvisional RobberyHanyu PinyinLín Shí Jié ÀnJyutpingLam4 Si4 Kip3 Ngon3 SutradaraAlbert MakProduserDerek YeeSkenarioAlbert MakRyker ChanMan Uen-ChingPemeranAaron KwokGordon LamRichie JenPenata musikHanz AuIris LiuSinematograferDavy ChouPenyuntingJeff CheungPerusahaanproduksiEntertaining PowerFilm UnlimitedDistributorGala Film DistirbutionTanggal rilis 19 Januari 20...

Jana Gana Mana (2023 film)

Unfinished film directed by Puri Jagannadh Jana Gana ManaTeaser posterDirected byPuri JagannadhProduced byVamshi PaidipallyCharmme KaurPuri JagannadhCinematographyVishnu SarmaEdited byJunaid SiddiquiProductioncompaniesPuri ConnectsSrikara StudiosCountryIndiaLanguageTelugu Jana Gana Mana (transl. The Minds of All People), or simply JGM, is an unfinished Indian Telugu-language military action film[1] directed by Puri Jagannadh. The film commenced its production in June 2022 and wa...

 

Need for Speed Rivals

2013 racing video game developed by Ghost Games and Criterion Games 2013 video gameNeed for Speed RivalsCover art featuring a Ferrari F12 being chased by a Koenigsegg Agera police carDeveloper(s)Ghost Games[a]Publisher(s)Electronic ArtsDirector(s)Craig SullivanProducer(s) Jamie Keen Leanne Loombe Mat Thomas Designer(s)James MouatProgrammer(s)Christian HolmqvistArtist(s)Christopher KristianssonWriter(s)Will StaplesComposer(s)Vanesa Lorena Tate[1]SeriesNeed for SpeedEngineFrostb...

 

Phase finale de la Ligue des champions masculine de l'EHF 2016-2017

Article principal : Ligue des champions masculine de l'EHF 2016-2017. Ligue de champions 2016-2017Phase finale Généralités Sport Handball Navigation 2015-2016 2017-2018 modifier Cet article détaille les matchs de la phase finale de la Ligue des champions 2016-2017 de handball organisée par la Fédération européenne de handball du 22 mars 2016 au 4 juin 2016. Douze équipes, dix issues des poules hautes et deux issues demi-finales de qualification des poules basses, jouent des matc...

Resolusi 1172 Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa

Artikel ini perlu diwikifikasi agar memenuhi standar kualitas Wikipedia. Anda dapat memberikan bantuan berupa penambahan pranala dalam, atau dengan merapikan tata letak dari artikel ini. Untuk keterangan lebih lanjut, klik [tampil] di bagian kanan. Mengganti markah HTML dengan markah wiki bila dimungkinkan. Tambahkan pranala wiki. Bila dirasa perlu, buatlah pautan ke artikel wiki lainnya dengan cara menambahkan [[ dan ]] pada kata yang bersangkutan (lihat WP:LINK untuk keterangan lebih lanjut...

 

Edict of Nantes

1598 decree granting religious freedom to Huguenots by Henry IV of France Henry IV of France, By the Grace of God, Most Christian King of France and Navarre The Edict of Nantes vteFrench Wars of Religion First; 1562–1563Conflict in the provinces; Rouen; Vergt; Dreux; Orléans Second; 1567–1568Saint-Denis; Chartres Third; 1568–1570Jarnac; La Roche-l'Abeille; Poitiers; Orthez; Moncontour; Saint-Jean d'Angély; Arney-le-Duc Fourth; 1572–1573Mons; Sommières; Sancerre; La Rochelle Fifth; ...

 

مطار كرابي

Krabi International Airport ท่าอากาศยานนานาชาติกระบี่ إياتا: KBV – ايكاو: VTSG موجز نوع المطار عام البلد تايلاند  الموقع محافظة كرابي، تايلاند الارتفاع 28 متر  إحداثيات 8°06′01″N 98°59′07″E / 8.1001638888889°N 98.985313888889°E / 8.1001638888889; 98.985313888889   الموقع الرسمي الموقع الر...

Mozart family grand tour

Journey through western Europe (1763–1766) Map showing the Grand Tour, 1763–1766. Black line shows outward journey to London, 1763–1764. Red line shows homeward journey to Salzburg, 1765–1766. Occluded line shows travel in each direction. The Mozart family grand tour was a journey through western Europe, undertaken by Leopold Mozart, his wife Anna Maria, and their children Maria Anna (Nannerl) and Wolfgang Theophilus (Wolferl) from 1763 to 1766. At the start of the tour the children w...

 

Battle of Dahlen

1568 Spanish-Dutch battle Battle of DahlenPart of the Eighty Years' WarThe siege before Dalen, july 22 1568 (engraving) by Frans Hogenberg.DateApril 25, 1568; 456 years ago (1568-04-25)LocationNear Dahlen, Duchy of Jülich, Holy Roman Empire (present-day Germany)51°8′N 6°22′E / 51.133°N 6.367°E / 51.133; 6.367Result Spanish victoryBelligerents Dutch Rebels Spanish EmpireCommanders and leaders Jean de Montigny Sancho d'AvilaStrength 3,000[1...

 

Puente Ezequiel Demonty

Para la terminal ferroviaria, véase Estación Puente Alsina. Para la batalla de 1880, véase Batalla de Puente Alsina. Para la película argentina dirigida por José Agustín Ferreyra en 1935, véase Puente Alsina (película). Puente Ezequiel Demonty (ex Puente Alsina) Patrimonio Cultural de Buenos Aires El puente, popularmente llamado Alsina, sobre el RiachueloUbicaciónPaís  ArgentinaLocalidad Buenos AiresValentín AlsinaUbicación Nueva Pompeya y Valentín AlsinaCoordenadas 34°39...

Abdul Khalili

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori svedesi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Abdul KhaliliKhalili con la maglia dell'Helsingborg nel 2014Nazionalità Svezia Altezza183 cm Peso76 kg Calcio RuoloCentrocampista Squadra svincolato CarrieraGiovanili ???? Högaborgs BK Squadre di club1 2008 Högaborgs BK2 (0)2009 Helsingborg0 (0)2009→  Högaborgs BK21 (9)2010-2011&...

 

Associazione Calcio Hellas Verona 1965-1966

Voce principale: Hellas Verona Football Club. Associazione Calcio Hellas VeronaStagione 1965-1966 Sport calcio Squadra Verona Allenatore Omero Tognon Presidente Carlo Bonazzi Serie B6º posto Coppa ItaliaPrimo turno Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Savoia (38)Totale: Savoia (39) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Golin (7)Totale: Golin (7) StadioMarcantonio Bentegodi Abbonati916[1] 1964-1965 1966-1967 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Indice 1 Rosa 2 Calciomercato 2.1 Sessione estiva...