WHATWG

Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group
AbbreviationWHATWG
Formation4 June 2004; 20 years ago (2004-06-04)
PurposeDeveloping web standards
MembershipApple Inc., Google LLC, Microsoft Corporation, Mozilla Corporation[1]
Main organ
Steering Group
Websitewhatwg.org
HTML
Comparisons

The Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) is a community of people interested in evolving HTML and related technologies. The WHATWG was founded by individuals from Apple Inc., the Mozilla Foundation and Opera Software, leading Web browser vendors in 2004.[2][3]

WHATWG is responsible for maintaining multiple web-related technical standards, including the specifications for the HyperText Markup Language (HTML) and the Document Object Model (DOM).[4][5] The central organizational membership and control of WHATWG – its "Steering Group" – consists of Apple, Mozilla, Google, and Microsoft. WHATWG community members work with the editor of the specifications to ensure correct implementation.[6]

History

The WHATWG was formed in response to the slow development of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Web standards and W3C's decision to abandon HTML in favor of XML-based technologies.[7] The WHATWG mailing list was announced on 4 June 2004,[8] two days after the initiatives of a joint Opera–Mozilla position paper[9] had been voted down by the W3C members at the W3C Workshop on Web Applications and Compound Documents.[10]

On 10 April 2007, the Mozilla Foundation, Apple, and Opera Software proposed[11] that the new HTML working group of the W3C adopt the WHATWG's HTML5 as the starting point of its work and name its future deliverable as "HTML5" (though the WHATWG specification was later renamed HTML Living Standard).[citation needed]

On 9 May 2007, the new HTML working group of the W3C resolved to do that.[12] An Internet Explorer platform architect from Microsoft was invited but did not join, citing the lack of a patent policy to ensure all specifications can be implemented on a royalty-free basis.[13] Since then, the W3C and the WHATWG had been developing HTML independently, at times causing specifications to diverge.[14]

In 2017, the WHATWG established an intellectual property rights agreement that includes a patent policy.[15] This spurred a renewed attempt to allow the W3C and the WHATWG to work together on specifications. In 2019, the W3C and WHATWG agreed to a memorandum of understanding where development of HTML and DOM specifications would be done principally in the WHATWG.[14][16]

The editor has significant control over the specification, but the community can influence the decisions of the editor.[17] In one case, editor Ian Hickson proposed replacing the <time> tag with a more generic <data> tag, but the community disagreed and the change was reverted.[17]

Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force

Initially, the name Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force was also used,[18][19][20][21] along with variant abbreviations including WHAT Working Group,[22] WHAT Task Force and WHATTF.[23] After some time using both the whattf.org and whatwg.org domain names,[21] the name WHATWG was eventually standardized on. The namespace URI http://whattf.org/datatype-draft remains in use for the HTML validator's data type library.[24]

Transition of HTML Publication to WHATWG

See also: HTML5 § W3C and WHATWG conflict

On 28 May 2019, the W3C announced that WHATWG would be the sole publisher of the HTML and DOM standards.[25][26][16][27] The W3C and WHATWG had been publishing competing standards since 2012. While the W3C standard was identical to the WHATWG in 2007 the standards have since progressively diverged due to different design decisions.[28] The WHATWG "Living Standard" had been the de facto web standard for some time.[29]

Specifications

The WHATWG publishes a number of standards that form a substantial portion of the web platform including:

  • The HTML Living Standard (sometimes informally called HTML5[30]). The HTML specification has been a living document without version numbers since 2011.[31] It includes both HTML, the core markup language for the web, and a number of related APIs.
  • The DOM Standard, defines how the Document Object Model on the web is supposed to work and replaces W3C DOM level 3. For example, it replaces mutation events with mutation observers.
  • Fetch Standard,[32] which "defines requests, responses, and the process that binds them: fetching." The fetch standard defines the 'fetch' JavaScript API, and supersedes the HTML5 fetch functionality, CORS and the HTTP Origin header semantics.
  • The Streams Standard provides APIs for creating, composing, and consuming streams of data. These streams are designed to map efficiently to low-level I/O primitives, and allow easy composition with built-in backpressure and queueing. On top of streams, the web platform can build higher-level abstractions, such as filesystem or socket APIs, while at the same time users can use the supplied tools to build their own streams which integrate well with those of the web platform.
  • The Encoding Standard defines how character encodings such as Windows-1252 and UTF-8 are handled in web browsers and is intended to replace the IETF encodings registry.
  • The MIME type sniffing standard defines how MIME types are supposed to be sniffed in web browsers.
  • The URL standard defines how URLs are supposed to be parsed in web browsers.[33]
  • Web IDL used to describe interfaces that are intended to be implemented in web browsers.[34]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Steering Group Agreement – WHATWG". whatwg.org. WHATWG.
  2. ^ "FAQ – What is the WHATWG?". WHATWG. 12 February 2010. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  3. ^ Reid, Jonathan (2015). "1 - Welcome to HTML5". HTML5 Programmer's Reference. Apress. pp. In section "A Brief History of HTML" -- "The Formation of the WHATWG and the Creation of HTML5". ISBN 9781430263678. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  4. ^ Cohen, Nancy; Xplore, Tech. "W3C and WHATWG agreement: Single version of HTML, DOM specifications". techxplore.com. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  5. ^ "Alliance gives HTML a stronger future after decade-long struggle to control the web's core tech". CNET. Retrieved 19 May 2023.
  6. ^ "FAQ – How does the WHATWG work?". WHATWG. 22 November 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2013. If necessary, controversies are resolved by the Steering Group with members appointed from the organizations that develop browser engines, as a backstop to ensure the editor's judgment aligns with what they will implement.
  7. ^ "HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML". W3C Recommendations. W3C. Archived from the original on 28 October 2014. Retrieved 21 October 2015. Shortly thereafter, Apple, Mozilla, and Opera jointly announced their intent to continue working on the effort under the umbrella of a new venue called the WHATWG.
  8. ^ Hickson, Ian (4 June 2004). "WHAT open mailing list announcement". WHATWG. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  9. ^ Joint Opera–Mozilla position paper voted down prior to the founding of the WHATWG: Position Paper for the W3C Workshop on Web Applications and Compound Documents
  10. ^ "W3C Workshop on Web Applications and Compound Documents (Day 2) Jun 2, 2004". World Wide Web Consortium. 2 June 2004. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  11. ^ Stachowiak, Maciej (9 April 2007). "Proposal to Adopt HTML5". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  12. ^ Connolly, Dan (9 May 2007). "results of HTML 5 text, editor, name questions". World Wide Web Consortium. Retrieved 24 February 2010.
  13. ^ Wilson, Chris (10 January 2007). "You, me and the W3C (aka Reinventing HTML)". Albatross! The personal blog of Chris Wilson, Platform Architect of the Internet Explorer Platform team at Microsoft. Microsoft. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
  14. ^ a b Cimpanu, Catalin (28 May 2019). "Browser vendors win war with W3C over HTML and DOM standards". ZDNet.
  15. ^ Van Kesteren, Anne (11 December 2017). "Further working mode changes". The WHATWG Blog. WHATWG.
  16. ^ a b "Memorandum of Understanding Between W3C and WHATWG". W3C. 28 May 2019. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  17. ^ a b Way, Jeffrey. "A Brief History of HTML5". Retrieved 4 October 2016.
  18. ^ "Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force". Archived from the original on 28 August 2018.
  19. ^ "HTML 5 Draft Recommendation — 7 July 2008". Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force. 7 July 2008. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018.
  20. ^ Hickson, Ian (4 June 2004). "WHAT open mailing list announcement". Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force. Archived from the original on 10 January 2005.
  21. ^ a b "Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force Charter". WHATTF.org. Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force. Archived from the original on 4 July 2007. Compare identical group charter with identical membership list on WHATWG.org, archived 2007-07-07.
  22. ^ "Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group Mailing List". Archived from the original on 10 October 2006.
  23. ^ "Web Hypertext Application Technology Task Force Mailing List". Archived from the original on 4 July 2007.
  24. ^ "form-datatypes.rnc". The Nu Html Checker (v.Nu).
  25. ^ Jaffe, Jeff (28 May 2019). "W3C and WHATWG to Work Together to Advance the Open Web Platform". W3C Blog. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  26. ^ "W3C and the WHATWG Signed an Agreement to Collaborate on a Single Version of HTML and DOM". W3C. 28 May 2019. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  27. ^ Cimpanu, Catalin (29 May 2019). "Browser vendors Win War with W3C over HTML and DOM standards". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  28. ^ "W3C - WHATWG Wiki". WHATWG Wiki. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  29. ^ Shankland, Stephen (9 July 2009). "An epitaph for the Web standard, XHTML 2". CNET. CBS INTERACTIVE INC.
  30. ^ "Is this HTML5?". WHATWG. 13 June 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  31. ^ Hickson, Ian (19 January 2011). "HTML is the new HTML5". WHATWG. Retrieved 21 January 2011.
  32. ^ "Fetch Standard". WHATWG. 3 May 2019. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  33. ^ "whatwg-url". npm (software). 18 August 2018. Archived from the original on 25 July 2019. Retrieved 25 July 2019. whatwg-url is a full implementation of the WHATWG URL Standard. It can be used standalone, but it also exposes a lot of the internal algorithms that are useful for integrating a URL parser into a project like jsdom.
  34. ^ "Web IDL Standard". webidl.spec.whatwg.org. Retrieved 3 September 2023.

Read other articles:

Wellington

Wellington Te Whanga-nui-a-Taramain urban areaPemandangan Pelabuhan Lambton menuju WellingtonJulukan: Kota PelabuhanHarbour CityWilayah Urban Wellingon di Selandia BaruNegara Selandia BaruRegionWellingtonTerritorial authoritiesWellington CityLower Hutt CityUpper Hutt CityPorirua CityLuas[1] • Luas perkotaan444 km2 (171 sq mi) • Luas metropolitan1.390 km2 (540 sq mi)Ketinggian terendah0 m (0 ft)Populasi ...

 

 

List of Alabama Crimson Tide in the College Football Hall of Fame

The Alabama Crimson Tide college football team competes as part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), and represents the University of Alabama in the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The College Football Hall of Fame was established in 1951 to honor the careers of selected student-athletes who have competed in college football as either a player or coach.[1] Since its inaugural class that year, Alabama...

 

 

Daftar kabupaten dan kota di Maluku Utara

Artikel ini bukan mengenai Daftar kabupaten dan kota di Maluku. Lambang Provinsi Maluku Utara Peta lokasi Provinsi Maluku Utara di Indonesia Peta lokasi kabupaten dan kota di Maluku Utara Provinsi Maluku Utara memiliki 8 kabupaten serta 2 kota dengan ibukota terletak di Kota Sofifi. Berikut daftar kabupaten dan/atau kota di Maluku Utara No. Kabupaten/kota Ibu kota Bupati/wali kota Luas wilayah (km2)[1] Jumlah penduduk (2024)[1] Kecamatan Kelurahan/desa Lambang Peta lokasi 1 Ka...

Pesan teks

Seorang pengguna mengetik pesan teks menggunakan LG enV (VX9900) Pesan teks atau mengirim SMS adalah praktik membuat dan mengirim singkat, pesan elektronik antara dua atau lebih ponsel, atau perangkat tetap atau mudah alih melalui jejaring telepon. Istilah ini awalnya disebut pesan yang dikirim menggunakan Short Message Service (SMS). Hal ini telah berkembang untuk memasukkan pesan yang berisi gambar, video, dan konten suara (dikenal sebagai pesan MMS). Pengirim pesan teks dikenal sebagai tex...

 

 

Ovi (Nokia)

Artikel ini berisi konten yang ditulis dengan gaya sebuah iklan. Bantulah memperbaiki artikel ini dengan menghapus konten yang dianggap sebagai spam dan pranala luar yang tidak sesuai, dan tambahkan konten ensiklopedis yang ditulis dari sudut pandang netral dan sesuai dengan kebijakan Wikipedia. (April 2019) Logo Ovi. Ovi by Nokia adalah merek layanan Internet Nokia yang dapat digunakan dari peranti bergerak, komputer (melalui Nokia Ovi Suite) atau situs web (Ovi.com). Nokia berfokus pada lim...

 

 

Humberto Suazo

Humberto Suazo Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Humberto Andrés Suazo PontivoTanggal lahir 10 Mei 1981 (umur 42)Tempat lahir San Antonio, ChiliTinggi 1,71 m (5 ft 7+1⁄2 in)Posisi bermain Penyerang, penyerang keduaInformasi klubKlub saat ini MonterreyNomor 26Karier junior1987–1996 Club Torino1996–2000 Universidad Católica2000-2001 Ñublense2001 Deportes Magallanes2001-2002 San Antonio UnidoKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)2002-2004 San Luis 40 (40)2004–2005 A...

Hendarman Supandji

Hendarman SupandjiHendarman Supandji sebagai Kepala BPN (2012) Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Ke-8Masa jabatan14 Juni 2012 – 27 Oktober 2014PresidenSusilo Bambang YudhoyonoWakil PresidenBoediono PendahuluJoyo WinotoPenggantiFerry Mursyidan BaldanJaksa Agung Republik Indonesia ke-21Masa jabatan9 Mei 2007 – 24 September 2010PresidenSusilo Bambang YudhoyonoWakil PresidenMuhammad Jusuf Kalla Boediono PendahuluAbdul Rahman SalehPenggantiDarmono (Plt.) Informasi prib...

 

 

The Rink (film)

1916 film by Charlie Chaplin The RinkTheatrical poster to The RinkDirected byCharlie ChaplinEdward Brewer (technical director)Written byCharlie Chaplin (scenario)Vincent Bryan (scenario)Maverick Terrell (scenario)Produced byHenry P. CaulfieldStarringCharlie ChaplinEdna PurvianceEric CampbellHenry BergmanAlbert AustinCinematographyRoland TotherohGeorge C. ZalibraEdited byCharlie ChaplinDistributed byMutual Film CorporationRelease date December 4, 1916 (1916-12-04) Running time24...

 

 

Стохастическое исчисление Ито

Интеграл Ито Y t ( B ) {\displaystyle Y_{t}(B)} (голубой) от броуновского движения B {\displaystyle B} (красный) относительно самого себя, то есть и подынтегральный процесс, и интегратор равны B {\displaystyle B} . Оказывается, что Y t ( B ) = ( B 2 − t ) / 2 {\displaystyle Y_{t}(B)=(B^{2}-t)/2} . Исчисление Ито — математическа...

Blanche Bruce

Blanche Bruce Register of the TreasuryMasa jabatan3 Desember 1897 – 17 Maret 1898PresidenWilliam McKinley PendahuluFount TillmanPenggantiJudson LyonsMasa jabatan21 Mei 1881 – 5 Juni 1885PresidenJames A. GarfieldChester A. ArthurGrover Cleveland PendahuluGlenni ScofieldPenggantiWilliam RosecransSenator Amerika Serikat dari MississippiMasa jabatan4 Maret 1875 – 4 Maret 1881 PendahuluHenry R. PeasePenggantiJames Z. George Informasi pribadiLahirBlanche Kelso Bruce...

 

 

Division 2 1981-1982

Division 2 1981-1982 Competizione Ligue 2 Sport Calcio Edizione 43ª Organizzatore LFP Luogo  Francia Partecipanti 36 Risultati Vincitore  Tolosa(1º titolo) Promozioni  Tolosa Rouen Mulhouse Retrocessioni  Saint-Dié Ajaccio AAJ Blois Calais Montluçon Quimper Cornouaille Statistiche Miglior marcatore Marc Pascal (18) Žarko Olarević e Issicka Ouattara (25) Incontri disputati 612 Gol segnati 1 520 (2,48 per incontro) Cro...

 

 

Daniel Barenboim

Daniel Barenboim Daniel Barenboim en 2005. Données clés Naissance 15 novembre 1942 (81 ans) Buenos Aires ( Argentine) Nationalité Argentine, Israël, Espagne, Palestine Activité principale Pianiste et chef d'orchestre Maîtres Enrique Barenboïm (père), Edwin Fischer, Igor Markevitch et Nadia Boulanger Conjoint Jacqueline du Pré puis Elena Bashkirova Récompenses Prix Ernst-von-Siemens, prix Herbert von Karajan, médaille Buber-Rosenzweig modifier Daniel Barenboim, né le 15 novem...

Golden Age of Radio

Era of popular entertainment in the US centered on radio shows For the album by Josh Ritter, see Golden Age of Radio (album). Girl listening to vacuum tube radio during the Great Depression. Prior to the emergence of television as the dominant entertainment medium in the 1950s, families gathered to listen to the home radio in the evening. The Golden Age of Radio, also known as the old-time radio (OTR) era, was an era of radio in the United States where it was the dominant electronic home ente...

 

 

Vilna Ghetto

Ghetto for Jews in Lithuania in World War II Vilna GhettoVilna Ghetto (Julian Klaczko Street), 1941Location of Vilna Ghetto within LithuaniaLocationVilnius Old Town54°40′40″N 25°16′59″E / 54.67778°N 25.28306°E / 54.67778; 25.28306Date6 September 1941 to 24 September 1943Incident typeImprisonment, mass shootings, forced labor, starvation, exileOrganizationsNazi SS, Ypatingasis būrysCampKailis forced labor campHKP 562 forced labor campVictimsAbout 55,000 Jew...

 

 

Argus As 410

1930s German piston aircraft engine As 410 Preserved Argus As 410 Type Piston aircraft engine Manufacturer Argus Motoren First run 1937 Major applications Arado Ar 96Focke-Wulf Fw 189 Number built c.28,700 Developed into Argus As 411 The Argus As 410 was a German air-cooled inverted V-12 light aircraft engine that was first produced by Argus Motoren in 1938.[1] Design and development The engine marked a departure from earlier Argus engines in that it had new construction techniques wh...

Chunyun

Suasana periode Chunyun 2009 di stasiun kereta api Beijing Barat, Tiongkok Chunyun (Hanzi tradisional: 春運; Hanzi sederhana: 春运; Pinyin: Chūnyùn), juga disebut sebagai musim perjalanan Perayaan Musim Semi atau periode Chunyun, adalah sebuah periode perjalanan di Tiongkok dengan kepadatan lalu lintas yang sangat tinggi pada sekitaran waktu Tahun Baru Imlek. Musim perjalanan di Tiongkok biasanya dimulai 15 hari sebelum Tahun Baru Imlek dan berlangsung sekitar 40 hari. Hingg...

 

 

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

 

 

Religion in Tibet

Religious beliefs in Tibet Religion in Tibet, China (estimates as of 2012)[1]   Tibetan Buddhism (78.5%)  Bon (12.5%)  Chinese folk religion and others (8.58%)  Islam[2] (0.4%)  Christianity (0.02%) Maitreya Buddha statue of Tashilhunpo Monastery in Shigatse The main religion in Tibet has been Buddhism since its outspread in the 8th century AD. As of 2022[update] the historical region of Tibet (the areas inhabited by et...

فيرتشايلد سي-26 ميترولاينر

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) فيرتشايلد سي-26 ميترولاينرمعلومات عامةالنوع طائرة نقل عسكريبلد الأصل الولايات المتحدةالتطوير والتصنيعا...

 

 

Киевский городской голова

Киевский городской голова Должность занимает Виталий Кличко с 5 июня 2014 года Должность Возглавляет  Киев Кандидатура выборная должность Срок полномочий 5 лет Появилась 1997 Первый Леонид Косаковский Сайт kmr.gov.ua Ки́евский городско́й голова́ (укр. Київський міський голов...