Viradha

Viradha
The actor's mask of Viradha in dance drama Khon of Thailand.
photo illustration The actor's mask of Viradha in dance drama Khon of Thailand
characters in Ramayana
Ramakien
Reamker
religion Hinduism
Viradha in Ramayana
Viradha, a man-eating demon encountered by Rama, from the Hindu epic 'Adhyatma Ramayana', 1802.
Viradha had a special power in that he could not be killed with any weapon. Knowing this fact, Rama grounded and stood on him. Lakshmana dug a moat, and Viradha was buried live.
Viradha in Ramayana.

Virādha (Sanskrit: विराध, Tamil: Viratan, Thai: Phirap, Malay: Purbaita) is minor character from the Aranya Kanda of the Ramayana. He is a rakshasa living in Dandaka forest who briefly kidnaps Sita in an episode[1] that has been described as "strongly [prefiguring Sita's] later abduction by Ravana, the central event of the book and the pivotal event of the epic."[2] Rama and Lakshmana begin to battle the monster, but though they shoot it with many arrows, the arrows pass straight through him and leave him unharmed (Aranyakanda, Sarga 3).

The monster reveals that he has a boon from Brahma which makes him invincible to weapons. So, the brothers kill the rakshasa by first breaking his arms, then burying him alive in a grave. When the monster's arms are broken, he begins to praise the brothers for liberating him: he had, in a previous life, been a celestial being named Tumburu, and had been cursed by Kubera to live as a fearsome monster until he be killed by Rama. The brothers bury him, and he apparently goes back to his former celestial abode.[3]

Chian Charuchon performs Phra Phirap. Thailand, 1961.

In Thailand, Viradha known as Phra Phirap (พระพิลาพ), according to Ramakien, a Thai version of Ramayana. His role is different from Ramayana, in Thai version, he is the founder and guardian of Phawa Thong Park. This is because it is believed that in the past, he was Bhairava, the fiercest form of Shiva. Therefore, he was considered a high rakshasa and is revered in the Thai performing arts in the capacity of Khon (masked dance drama) grandmaster. In the Wai khru (worship ceremony), his mask will be placed in the highest position. His character's dance moves are considered the highest.[4]


Rama Sita Laksmana enoucuntered a rakshasa named Viradha

References

  1. ^ Aranyakanda, Sarga 2.
  2. ^ Goldman, Robert P. (1984). The Ramayana of Valmiki: an Epic of Ancient India. Princeton University Press. p. 9. ISBN 0-691-06561-6.
  3. ^ Aranyakanda, Sarga 3.
  4. ^ Laomanacharoen, Siripoj (19 January 2023). "พระพิราพ มาจากไหน?" [The origin of Phra Phirap]. Museum Siam (in Thai). Retrieved 23 April 2024.


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