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Umama bint Abi al-As
Umama bint Abi al-As
أُمَامَة بِنْت أَبِي ٱلْعَاص
Born	Umama bint Abi al-'As; 618 CE Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia
Died	670 CE (AH 50); Jeddah, Umayyad Caliphate
Known for	Being a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and wife of Ali
Spouses	Ali (m. 632; died 661); al-Mughira ibn Nawfal;
Children	Muhammad al-Awsat ibn Ali; Awn ibn Ali; Yahya ibn al-Mughira;
Parents	Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi' (father); Zaynab bint Muhammad (mother);
Relatives	List Ali ibn Abi al-As (brother); Khadija (maternal grandmother); Ruqayya (maternal aunt); Umm Kulthum (maternal aunt); Fatima (maternal aunt); Qasim (maternal uncle); Abd Allah (maternal uncle); Ibrahim (maternal uncle); Hasan (step-son and maternal cousin); Husayn (step-son and maternal cousin); Muhsin (step-son and maternal cousin); Umm Kulthum (step-daughter and maternal cousin); Zaynab (step-daughter and maternal cousin); Abd Allah (maternal cousin);
Family	Banu Abd-Shams (paternal); House of Muhammad (maternal);

Umāma bint Abī al-ʿĀṣ ibn al-Rabīʿ (Arabic: أُمَامَة بِنْت أَبِي ٱلْعَاص ابْن ٱلرَّبِيْع), was a granddaughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Khadija, via their daughter Zaynab, and is thus also known as Umāma bint Zaynab (أُمَامَة بِنْت زَیْنَب). Muhammad was her maternal grandfather, and thus she is a member of his Ahl al-Bayt. She is also numbered among the Companions of the Prophet.

Biography

She was the daughter of Abu al-As ibn al-Rabi', who married Muhammad's eldest daughter Zaynab.^[1]^{: 27–28, 163–164}^[2]^{: 13, 162} She had one sibling, Ali.^[2]^: 13 Her maternal aunts were Muhammad's daughters Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum and Fatima.

When Umama was a small child, Muhammad used to carry her on his shoulder while he prayed. He used to put her down to prostrate and then pick her up again as he rose.^[1]^{: 27, 163} Muhammad once promised to give an onyx necklace to "her whom I love best." His wives expected him to give it to Aisha, but he presented it to Umama. On a different occasion, he gave her a gold ring that had arrived from the Emperor of Abyssinia.^[1]^{: 27–28, 163–164}

Her aunt Fatima requested her husband Ali on her deathbed to marry her niece Umama because Umama had an intense attachment and love for Fatima's children Hasan, Umm Kulthum, Zaynab and especially Husayn.^{[citation needed]} After Fatima died in 632, Umama married Ali.^[1]^: 164^[2]^{: 13, 162} They had two sons, Hilal (also known as Muhammad al-Awsat or Muhammad the Middle)^[3]^: 12^[4] and Awn, both of whom died in Iran, with the latter having been killed in a battle against Qays ibn Murra (the governor of Khorasan), and the former dying naturally.^[5] Hilal was thought to have fathered a son, named Abu Hashim Abdullah ibn Muhammad, but his fate is not known.^[6]^[7]

Ali was martyred in 661, and Mu'awiya I proposed to Umama. She consulted al-Mughira ibn Nawfal ibn al-Harith about this. He said that she should not marry "the son of the liver-eater (Hind bint Utba)" and offered to deal with the problem for her. When she agreed, he said, "I will marry you myself."^[1]^: 28 This marriage produced one son, Yahya. It is uncertain whether she had any descendants beyond this.^[4] Umama accompanied al-Mughira into exile at al-Safri. She died there c. 680,^[4] but it is also said that she died in 670 (50 AH).^[8]

Family tree

Kilab ibn Murra

Fatima bint Sa'd

Zuhra ibn Kilab
(progenitor of Banu Zuhra)
maternal great-great-grandfather

Qusai ibn Kilab
paternal great-great-great-grandfather

Hubba bint Hulail
paternal great-great-great-grandmother

`Abd Manaf ibn Zuhra
maternal great-grandfather

`Abd Manaf ibn Qusai
paternal great-great-grandfather

Atikah bint Murra
paternal great-great-grandmother

Wahb ibn `Abd Manaf
maternal grandfather

Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf
(progenitor of Banu Hashim)
paternal great-grandfather

Salma bint `Amr
paternal great-grandmother

Fatima bint `Amr
paternal grandmother

`Abdul-Muttalib
paternal grandfather

Hala bint Wuhayb
paternal step-grandmother

Amina
mother

`Abdullah
father

Az-Zubayr
paternal uncle

Harith
paternal half-uncle

Hamza
paternal half-uncle

Thuwayba
first nurse

Halima
second nurse

Abu Talib
paternal uncle

`Abbas
paternal half-uncle

Abu Lahab
paternal half-uncle

6 other sons
and 6 daughters

Muhammad

Khadija
first wife

`Abd Allah ibn `Abbas
paternal cousin

Fatima
daughter

Ali
paternal cousin and son-in-law
family tree, descendants

Qasim
son

`Abd-Allah
son

Zainab
daughter

Ruqayya
daughter

Uthman
second cousin and son-in-law
family tree

Umm Kulthum
daughter

Zayd
adopted son

Ali ibn Zainab
grandson

Umama bint Zainab
granddaughter

`Abdullah ibn Uthman
grandson

Rayhana bint Zayd
wife

Usama ibn Zayd
adoptive grandson

Muhsin ibn Ali
grandson

Hasan ibn Ali
grandson

Husayn ibn Ali
grandson
family tree

Umm Kulthum bint Ali
granddaughter

Zaynab bint Ali
granddaughter

Safiyya
tenth wife

Abu Bakr
father-in-law
family tree

Sawda
second wife

Umar
father-in-law
family tree

Umm Salama
sixth wife

Juwayriya
eighth wife

Maymuna
eleventh wife

Aisha
third wife
Family tree

Zaynab
fifth wife

Hafsa
fourth wife

Zaynab
seventh wife

Umm Habiba
ninth wife

Maria al-Qibtiyya
twelfth wife

Ibrahim
son

- indicates that the marriage order is disputed
Note that direct lineage is marked in bold.

External links

The Tribe of Quraish

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Al-Basri Al-Hashimi, Muhammad ibn Sa'd (1995). Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir [The Women of Madina] (in Arabic). Vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, Aisha. London, the U.K.: Ta-Ha Publishers.
^ ^a ^b ^c Al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1998). The History of al-Tabari. Vol. XXXIX: Biographies of the Prophet's Companions and Their Successors. Translated by E. Landau-Tasseron. Albany, New York, the U.S.A.: State University of New York Press.
^ Al-Basri Al-Hashimi, Muhammad ibn Sa'd (2013). "The Companions of Badr". Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir (in Arabic). Vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, Aisha. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
^ ^a ^b ^c Al-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir (1993). The History of al-Tabari. Vol. XI: The Challenge to the Empires. Translated by K. Y. Blankinship. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. 71, footnote 406.
^ "Mohammad Hilal Ibn Ali". www.helal.ir. Archived from the original on 2011-07-20.
^ "پایگاه اطلاع رسانی آستان مقدس حضرت محمد هلال بن علی(ع) - Content". Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2011-03-10.
^ [https://www.geni.com/people/Abdullah-Abu-Hashim-Muhammad/6000000041314666887 Geni - Abdullah (Abu Hashim) bin Muhammad (b. - 776)
^ Lammens, H. (1912). Fatima et les Filles de Mahomet (in French). Rome, Italy: Sumptibus Pontificii Instituti Biblici. p. 127.