The park is located in the Sierra Maestra mountain range. It is 50 km (31 mi) west of Guamá, in Guamá Municipality of Santiago de Cuba Province.
The park protects a total area of 229.38 km2 (88.56 sq mi).[1] It was established on January 8, 1980, with the passing of bill 27/1980.[2]
The park was named for Pico Turquino, the highest point in Cuba at 1,975 m (6,480 ft) in elevation. Other mountains in Turquino National Park include Pico Cuba, Pico Real, and Pico Suecia.