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Following the Meiji restoration, the area was assigned to Shiga Prefecture in 1875, and was only transferred to Fukui Prefecture in 1881. With the establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889, the district was divided into one town (Tsuruga) and five villages.
The village of Matsubara was annexed by Tsuruga on April 1, 1937, which was then raised to city status. The remaining four villages were merged into Tsuruga on January 15, 1955, and Tsuruga District was dissolved.
