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Trimethylene carbonate
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 1,3-Dioxan-2-one
Identifiers
CAS Number	2453-03-4;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	110377;
ECHA InfoCard	100.114.239
PubChem CID	123834;
UNII	4316AQ174Q ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID20953766 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C4H6O3/c5-4-6-2-1-3-7-4/h1-3H2 Key: YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N; InChI=1/C4H6O3/c5-4-6-2-1-3-7-4/h1-3H2 Key: YFHICDDUDORKJB-UHFFFAOYAZ;
	SMILES O=C1OCCCO1;
Properties
Chemical formula	C4H6O3
Molar mass	102.089 g·mol−1
Appearance	White solid
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Trimethylene carbonate, or 1,3-propylene carbonate, is a 6-membered cyclic carbonate ester. It is a colourless solid that upon heating or catalytic ring-opening^[1] converts to poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC). Such polymers are called aliphatic polycarbonates and are of interest for potential biomedical applications. An isomeric derivative is propylene carbonate, a colourless liquid that does not spontaneously polymerize.

Preparation

This compound may be prepared from 1,3-propanediol and ethyl chloroformate (a phosgene substitute), or from oxetane and carbon dioxide with an appropriate catalyst:^[2]

HOC₃H₆OH + ClCO₂C₂H₅ → C₃H₆O₂CO + C₂H₅OH + HCl

C₃H₆O + CO₂ → C₃H₆O₂CO

This cyclic carbonate undergoes ring-opening polymerization to give poly(trimethylene carbonate), abbreviated PTMC.^[2]

Medical devices

The polymer PTC is of commercial interest as a biodegradable polymer with biomedical applications.^[3] A block copolymer of glycolic acid and trimethylene carbonate (TMC) is the material of the Maxon suture, a monofilament resorbable suture which was introduced in the mid-1980s.^[4] The same material is used in other resorbable medical devices.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

References

^ Chan, J. M. W.; Zhang, X.; Sardon, H.; Engler, A. C.; Fox, C. H.; Frank, C. W.; Waymouth, R. M.; Hedrick, J. L. (2015). "Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Trimethylene Carbonate to Yield a Biodegradable Polycarbonate". J. Chem. Educ. 92 (4): 708–713. Bibcode:2015JChEd..92..708C. doi:10.1021/ed500595k.
^ ^a ^b Pyo, Sang-Hyun; Persson, Per; Mollaahmad, M. Amin; Sörensen, Kent; Lundmark, Stefan; Hatti-Kaul, Rajni (2012). "Cyclic carbonates as monomers for phosgene- and isocyanate-free polyurethanes and polycarbonates". Pure Appl. Chem. 84 (3): 637. doi:10.1351/PAC-CON-11-06-14.
^ Engelberg, Israel; Kohn, Joachim (1991). "Physicomechanical properties of degradable polymers used in medical applications: a comparative study". Biomaterials. 12 (3): 292–304. doi:10.1016/0142-9612(91)90037-B. PMID 1649646.
^ Katz, AR; Mukherjee, DP; Kaganov, AL; Gordon, S (September 1985). "A new synthetic monofilament absorbable suture made from polytrimethylene carbonate". Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics. 161 (3): 213–22. PMID 3898441.
^ Nylund, Adam M.; Chen, Chi-Ya; Höglund, Odd V.; Campbell, Bonnie G.; Fransson, Boel A. (July 2019). "Evaluation of a resorbable self-locking ligation device for performing peripheral lung biopsies in a caprine cadaveric model". Veterinary Surgery. 48 (5): 845–849. doi:10.1111/vsu.13171. PMID 30682213. S2CID 59274389.
^ Nylund, Adam M.; Höglund, Odd V.; Fransson, Boel A. (15 October 2018). "Thoracoscopic-assisted lung lobectomy in cat cadavers using a resorbable self-locking ligation device". Veterinary Surgery. 48 (4): 563–569. doi:10.1111/vsu.13109. PMID 30320472. S2CID 52979661.
^ da Mota Costa, Matheus Roberto; de Abreu Oliveira, André Lacerda; de Moura Vidal, Leonardo Waldstein; Moran Ramos, Renato; de Oliveira Campos, Ingrid; Hansson, Kerstin; Ley, Charles J; Olsson, Ulf; Borg, Niklas Olov; Höglund, Odd Viking (13 April 2019). "Comparison of macroscopic resorption time for a self-locking device and suture material in ovarian pedicle ligation in dogs". Veterinary Record. 184 (15): 478. doi:10.1136/vr.104732. PMID 30872363.
^ Guedes, Rogério Luizari; Höglund, Odd Viking; Brum, Juliana Sperotto; Borg, Niklas; Dornbusch, Peterson Triches (3 January 2018). "Resorbable Self-Locking Implant for Lung Lobectomy Through Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: First Live Animal Application". Surgical Innovation. 25 (2): 158–164. doi:10.1177/1553350617751293. PMID 29298608. S2CID 4965005.