Trams in Pyongyang

Pyongyang Tram
Older Tatra T6B5 vehicles on tram line 1
Older Tatra T6B5 vehicles on tram line 1
Overview
LocaleNorth Korea Pyongyang
Transit typeTram
Number of lines4
Line number1, 2, 3, Kumsusan
Operation
Began operation1989
Operator(s)Guidance Bureau of Passenger Service in Pyongyang[1]
CharacterAt-grade
Train length2 car multiple unit, 3 section articulated tram
Technical
System length53.5 km (33 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
ElectrificationOverhead DC 600 V, 20 A; up to 200 A during acceleration
Top speed60 kilometres per hour (37 mph)
Tram Lines in Pyongyang

Pyongyang Tram
Chosŏn'gŭl
평양 궤도전차
Hancha
平壤 軌道電車
Revised RomanizationPyeongyang gwedojeoncha
McCune–ReischauerP'yŏngyang kwedojŏnch'a
A Tatra T6B5 vehicle in Pyongyang.
A crowded Line 1 tram during afternoon rush hour in 2012.

Pyongyang Tram is a public tram system in Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea. The first line of the current system opened in 1989. There are four lines in operation.

Overview

Before the Korean War from 1950 to 1953, there were three tramway systems in the Korean Peninsula: one each in Seoul, Busan and Pyongyang.[2]

During the North Korean famine, the service of tram lines became sparse, and often trams would not run due to lack of drivers and shortage of electricity.[3]

Unlike South Korea, personal ownership of automobiles in North Korea is very rare. North Koreans, especially those living in Pyongyang and other major cities, rely mainly on public transport. In Pyongyang, there are trolleybuses (the Pyongyang trolleybus system) and subways (the Pyongyang Metro), with these two serving as its main forms of public transport. However, as trolleybus lines became gradually overcrowded, the city decided to re-open tram-lines. The first line was opened on 15 April 1991.[4]

A number of Tatra T4 trams and its trailer B4 were bought from Dresden, Magdeburg and Leipzig in 1997–1998.[5]

From 14 October 2002, the section of Line 1 between P'yŏngyang-yŏk and Songyo was closed,[4] as the bridge over Taedong River started to deteriorate,[6] splitting Line 1 into two parts divided by the Taedong River. The section from Songyo to Songsin was eventually replaced by a trolleybus in 2014. The part crossing the bridge was replaced by a bus service. Demolition of the tracks between Songyo and Pyongyang Station was completed by 9 September 2003.[7]

In 2008, the City Transportation Company of Prague sold 20 used T3s to Pyongyang Public Transportation Enterprise together with a shipment of tram-rails. These trams were built ranging from 1967 for the Tatra T3 in original modification, to 1987 for the T3SUCS modification.[8][9]

After the closure of Songsin depot, an extension was added to Rangnang depot to house the trams transferred from that depot.[4]

Foreign tourists were previously not permitted to ride the tram lines, but some recent tours have started to include tramway rides (though rides are not shared with locals and are instead chartered, unlike the Pyongyang Metro).[10][11]

Due to the need for transport, tram drivers may be assigned shifts even on holidays.[12]

Lines

There are three lines in operation plus a meter gauge line operated by the military.[13]

Line Number  Route   Notes 
#1[6] Mangyongdae (만경대; 萬景臺) - Pyongyang station (평양역; 平壤驛) Formerly ran to Songsin until bridge was closed to tram traffic, line split into Mangyongdae- Pyongyang Station and Songsin-Songyo until 2014, when during reconstruction of tram lines elsewhere, this line was converted to trolleybus line #4

Replaced former trolleybus line 10 from Mangyongdae to Chollima Street and 8 to Hwanggumbol station.

Trams housed at Songsan Depot, Mangyongdae-guyok,[14] operated by Songsan Tram Service Company.[15]

#2[16] Munsu (문수; 紋繡) -

T'osŏng (토성; 土城)

Runs on east side of Taedong River, replaced former trolleybus line 7.

Trams housed at Munsu Tram Office[17]

#3[18] West P'yŏngyang Station (서평양; 西平壤) -

Rangrang (락랑; 樂浪)

Only line to currently cross the Taedong River

Trams housed at depot at Rangnang, operated by Rangnang Tram Station.[1]

Kumsusan Samhung station

(삼흥역) -

Kumsusan Palace of the Sun (금수산태양궁전)

Opened on 7 July 1995 when mausoleum opened, to replace the closed Kwangmyong station.

Operated by the military using meter gauge SWS/MFO/BBC Be 4/4 trams and SIG B4 trailers.[19]

As of 2006, the fare is ₩5 for any section. There are also coupon tickets (시내 차표; 市內車票; sinae ch'ap'yo) issued in the form of tickets inserted into the fare box.[20]

Rolling stock

For the full list, see Trams and trolleybuses in North Korea

Prior to 2018, the rolling stock used were the Czechoslovakian ČKD Praha Tatra T6B5K, Tatra T3/SUCS, Tatra T4D and B4D and KT8D5K in either red/white livery or blue/white.[10] The Kŭmsusan line uses VBZ Be 4/4 Type Ib rolling stock on a different gauge of 1,000 mm, rather than 1,435 mm for lines 1–3. The Shenyang ST4 had been retired in 1999 due to their failing articulation joint and subsequently converted into Chollima-961/971 trolleybuses while it is possible others were sent to the Chongjin tram system where they received a new body at the Chongjin Bus Factory.[21]

According to a Czech reporter, 42 out of the original 45 KT8D5 trams still run. Despite sanctions limiting the supply of spare parts, trams operate with below average maintenance, though the more recent development of locally built electrical equipment and continued maintenance without a foreign supply of spare parts have raised suspicions in Czech media.[22]

In August 2018, following the introduction of new trolleybuses and metro cars, new partially domestically-produced tram cars were introduced in Pyongyang for the first time in about twenty years.[23] The bodies were manufactured by Pyongyang Bus Repair Factory and named Thongil-181, on the chassis of the Tatra KT8D5K.[10]

A VBZ tram on the Kŭmsusan line in 2005

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Naenara Democratic People's Republic of Korea". naenara.com.kp. Retrieved 2021-03-20.[dead link‍]
  2. ^ Lankov, Andrei (10 January 2014). North of the DMZ: Essays on Daily Life in North Korea. McFarland. ISBN 9780786451418.
  3. ^ "Naenara Democratic People's Republic of Korea". naenara.com.kp. Archived from the original on 2021-05-20. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
  4. ^ a b c "Chronology: Pyongyang". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  5. ^ "Pyongyang, tramway — Roster". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  6. ^ a b "平壌市軌道電車(路面電車)1号線". 2427junction.com. Retrieved 2020-07-20.
  7. ^ "교통연보 | 메인 > 특화사업 > 동북아북한교통물류 > 동북아북한교통정보 > 북한교통 > 교통연보". www.koti.re.kr. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  8. ^ "Pyongyang, Tatra T3SUCS — Roster". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  9. ^ "North Korea, Tatra T3 — Roster". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  10. ^ a b c "New tram cars appear on Pyongyang's Liberation Street line | NK News - North Korea News". NK News - North Korea News. 2018-07-31. Retrieved 2018-09-14.
  11. ^ "Public transport tours".
  12. ^ "Rodong Sinmun". rodong.rep.kp. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
  13. ^ "Pyongyang". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  14. ^ "로동신문". rodong.rep.kp. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  15. ^ "Naenara Democratic People's Republic of Korea". naenara.com.kp. Archived from the original on 2021-05-20. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
  16. ^ "平壌市軌道電車(路面電車)2号線". 2427junction.com. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  17. ^ "로동신문". rodong.rep.kp. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
  18. ^ "平壌市軌道電車(路面電車)3号線". 2427junction.com. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  19. ^ "Pyongyang, Kumsong Depot (1000 mm) — Roster". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  20. ^ "平壌市軌道電車(路面電車)". 2427junction.com. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  21. ^ "Shenyang ST4 — Roster". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
  22. ^ "북한정보 - KOTRA 해외시장뉴스". 북한정보 - KOTRA 해외시장뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  23. ^ "개발창조형의 궤도전차 생산" [Domestic creation of tramcar production]. Sogwang (in Korean). 2018-08-14. Retrieved 2018-09-14.

Further reading

  • Hayato Kokubu, Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō: Kitachōsen Tetsudō Jijō (将軍様の鉄道 北朝鮮鉄道事情; "Railway of the Dear Leader: The Railway Situation in North Korea"), 2007. (ISBN 4103037318)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trams in Pyongyang.

Read other articles:

Fesyen Gotik

Artikel ini memiliki beberapa masalah. Tolong bantu memperbaikinya atau diskusikan masalah-masalah ini di halaman pembicaraannya. (Pelajari bagaimana dan kapan saat yang tepat untuk menghapus templat pesan ini) artikel ini perlu dirapikan agar memenuhi standar Wikipedia. Tidak ada alasan yang diberikan. Silakan kembangkan artikel ini semampu Anda. Merapikan artikel dapat dilakukan dengan wikifikasi atau membagi artikel ke paragraf-paragraf. Jika sudah dirapikan, silakan hapus templat ini. (Pe...

 

Deportasi Tatar Krimea

Deportasi Tatar KrimeaBagian dari pemindahan penduduk di Uni Soviet dan Perang Dunia IIOrang-orang Tatar Krimea yang sedang dideportasiLokasiSemenanjung KrimeaTanggal18–20 Mei 1944SasaranTatar KrimeaJenis seranganPemindahan penduduk, pembersihan etnisKorban tewasBeberapa perkiraana) 34.000[1]b) 40.000–44.000[2] c) 42.000[3] d) 45.000[4] (antara 18-27% populasi Tatar Krimea)PelakuNKVD Uni Soviet Deportasi Tatar Krimea (Tatar Krimea: Qırımtatar halqınıñ ...

 

Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Informatika Arab Saudi

Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Informatika Arab Saudi Situs webhttp://www.info.gov.sa/ Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Informatika Arab Saudi ([وزارة الثقافة والإعلام السعودية Wuzarah ats-Tsaqafah wa al-I'lam as-Su'udiyyah] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help)) adalah sebuah kementerian dalam Pemerintah Arab Saudi yang bertanggungjawab terhadap urusan pembinaan koran, majalah, saluran televisi dan seluruh media serta urusan Kebudayaan di Arab Saudi. Saat ini, k...

羅生門 (電影)

本條目存在以下問題，請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要补充更多来源。 (2018年3月17日)请协助補充多方面可靠来源以改善这篇条目，无法查证的内容可能會因為异议提出而被移除。致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：羅生門 (電影) — 网页、新闻、书籍、学术、图像），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（判定指引）。 �...

 

HKT48

Japanese idol group HKT48Official logoBackground informationOriginFukuoka, JapanGenresPop, J-pop, Teen pop, Bubblegum popYears active2011 (2011)–presentLabelsEMI (UMG)Member ofAKB48 GroupMembersTeam H detailsTeam KIV detailsTeam TII detailsWebsitewww.hkt48.jp HKT48 (read H.K.T. Forty-eight) is a Japanese idol group produced by Yasushi Akimoto. HKT48 is named after the Hakata-ku, Fukuoka city of Fukuoka Prefecture, where Akimoto originally intended to base the group.[1] The grou...

 

Igor Nascimento Soares

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori brasiliani è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Igor Nascimento Soares Nazionalità  Brasile Altezza 181 cm Calcio Ruolo Difensore Squadra  Botafogo-SP Carriera Giovanili 1997-1998 Nacional-SP Squadre di club1 1999-2004 Atlético Paranaense81 (2)2005 Fluminense36 (2)2006 Juventude29 (0)2007 Botafogo1 (0)2007-2011 S...

Roman Ritual

Roman Ritual Title XI of the 1925 Roman Ritual which contains the rites of exorcism.Original titleRituale RomanumLanguageLatinPublished1614 by Pope Paul VTextRoman Ritual at Wikisource One of the official ritual works of the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church The Roman Ritual (Latin: Rituale Romanum) is one of the official liturgical books of the Roman Rite of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church. It contains all of the services that a priest or deacon may perform; and are not containe...

 

Daftar Wali Kota Yerusalem

Wali Kota YerusalemLambang Wali KotaPetahanaMoshe Lionsejak 4 Desember 2018KediamanRehavia, Yerusalem, IsraelMasa jabatan5 tahunPejabat perdanaMusa al-AlamiTeddy Kollek (kini Munisipalitas Yerusalem)Dibentuk1867Situs webKantor Wali Kota Wali kota Ehud Olmert (1993-2003) menjabat Perdana Menteri Israel sejak 2006. Halaman ini mendaftarkan Wali kota Yerusalem secara kronologis. Wali kota Yerusalem Wali Kota Yerusalem Barat Israel (Yerushalayim) Abdelrahman al-Dajani (1863–1882) Salim al-...

 

Gaoyou Lake

Lake in China Gaoyou LakeGaoyou LakeCoordinates32°50′N 119°20′E / 32.833°N 119.333°E / 32.833; 119.333Basin countriesChinaMax. length39 km (24 mi)Max. width30 km (19 mi)Surface area674.7 km2 (300 sq mi)Average depth1.44 m (5 ft)Max. depth2.4 m (8 ft)Water volume971.6×10^6 m3 (34.31×10^9 cu ft)Surface elevation5.7 m (19 ft)SettlementsGaoyou Gaoyou Lake (Chinese: 高邮湖;...

Controllers (DC Comics)

Fictional extraterrestrial race existing in the DC Universe ControllersThe Controllers, as they appeared in Hal Jordan and The Green Lantern Corps #33 (November 2017), art by Jack Herbert.Publication informationPublisherDC ComicsFirst appearanceAdventure Comics #357 (June 1967)Created byJim Shooter (writer & artist)Mort Weisinger (writer)Curt Swan (artist)CharacteristicsPlace of originMaltus (formerly)Inherent abilities Energy manipulation Functional immortality The Controllers are a fict...

 

Penyensoran oleh agama

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Penyensoran oleh agama – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Penyensoran keagamaan adalah sebuah bentuk penyensoran dimana kebebasan berekspresi dikontrol atau dibatasi oleh otoritas keagam...

 

The Irregulars

The IrregularsGenre Kriminal drama Misteri PembuatTom Bidwell[1]BerdasarkanKarya Sir Arthur Conan DoylePemeran McKell David Thaddea Graham Jojo Macari Harrison Osterfield Darci Shaw Negara asal Inggris Bahasa asliBahasa InggrisProduksiProduser eksekutif Tom Bidwell Greg Brenman Jude Liknaitzky ProduserRebecca HodgsonLokasi produksiInggrisDurasi49–58 menitRumah produksiDrama RepublicDistributorNetflixRilis asliJaringanNetflixRilis26 Maret 2021 (2021-03-26) –sekarang The ...

Toquinho

Toquinho, 5 Agustus, 2010. Antonio Pecci Filho (lahir 6 Juli 1946) juga dikenal sebagai Toquinho, adalah komponis, pembuat aransemen, penyanyi, gitar dari Brasil, dan salah satu legenda terbesar musik samba. Diskografi O Violão de Toquinho (1966) La vita, amico, é l'arte dell'incontro (1969) Toquinho (1970) Vinicius de Moraes en La Fusa con Maria Creuza y Toquinho (1970) Como Dizia o Poeta...Música Nova (1971) Per vivere un grande amore (1971) São Demais os Perigos desta Vida... (1971) To...

 

السودة

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع السودة (توضيح). 18°16′02″N 42°22′05″E / 18.267222222222°N 42.368055555556°E / 18.267222222222; 42.368055555556   ميّز عن السودا (طرطوس). جبل السودة جبل السودة في ابها الموقع منطقة عسير،  السعودية إحداثيات 18°16′02″N 42°22′05″E / 18.267222222222°N 42.368055555556°E / 18.26722222222...

 

1988 United States Senate election in California

For related races, see 1988 United States Senate elections. 1988 United States Senate election in California ← 1982 November 8, 1988 1992 (special) →   Nominee Pete Wilson Leo T. McCarthy Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 5,143,409 4,287,253 Percentage 52.79% 44.00% County results Wilson:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70% McCarthy:      40–50% &...

Epidemic curve

Statistical method to visualise the onset of an outbreak For broader coverage of this topic, see Mathematical modelling of infectious disease. An epidemic curve, also known as an epi curve or epidemiological curve, is a statistical chart used in epidemiology to visualise the onset of a disease outbreak. It can help with the identification of the mode of transmission of the disease. It can also show the disease's magnitude, whether cases are clustered or if there are individual case outliers, ...

 

Saskatchewan Legislature

Saskatchewan Legislature29th Saskatchewan LegislatureTypeTypeUnicameral HousesLegislative AssemblySovereignThe lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada)HistoryFounded1905 (1905)Preceded byNorthwest Territories LegislatureMeeting placeLegislative Building, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada The Saskatchewan Legislature is made of two elements: the lieutenant governor[1] as representative of the King of Canada, and the unicameral assembly called the Legislative Assembly....

 

Granulosit

GranulositSebuah granulosit basofilRincianSistemSistem imunPengidentifikasiMeSHD006098FMA62854Daftar istilah mikroanatomi[sunting di Wikidata] Granulosit (bahasa Inggris: granulocytes, polymorphonuclear, PMN) adalah sebuah sub-kelompok sel darah putih yang mempunyai butir-butir granula dalam sitoplasmanya.[1] Tiga jenis granulosit dengan inti sel yang berlainan dikeluarkan oleh sumsum tulang sebagai protein komplemen wewenang (bahasa Inggris: regulatory complement system)....

Princess Marie of Prussia (1855–1888)

For other uses, see Marie of Prussia (disambiguation). Princess Henry of the Netherlands Princess MariePrincess Henry of the NetherlandsPrincess Albert of Saxe-AltenburgPrincess Marie of Prussia in 1878Born14 September 1855Marmorpalais, Potsdam, Kingdom of PrussiaDied20 June 1888(1888-06-20) (aged 32)Schloss Abrechtesberg, Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony, German EmpireSpouse Prince Henry of the Netherlands ​ ​(m. 1878; died 1879)​ Prince Albert ...

 

豊原市

この項目では、かつて日本領有下の樺太に存在した豊原市について説明しています。台湾台中県に存在していた豊原市については「豊原区 (台中市)」をご覧ください。 とよはらし豊原市 豊原市章 廃止日 1949年6月1日廃止理由 国家行政組織法施行現在の自治体 ユジノサハリンスク廃止時点のデータ国 日本地方 樺太地方都道府県 樺太庁 豊原支庁面積 647.7km2.総人口 37,160�...