Tipulidae
Family of flies
The maxillary palps are the appendages that extend from the front of the head, then down and back, terminating below the eye. Tipulidae is a family of large crane flies in the order Diptera . There are more than 30 genera and 4,200 described species in Tipulidae, common and widespread throughout the world.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] [ 6] [ 7]
Nephrotoma , tiger crane flyA crane fly can usually be identified as a member of Tipulidae by its maxillary palps, which is the pair appendages that hang down from the front of its head. If the fourth segment (the farthest from the body) of the maxillary palp is longer than the other three combined, then it is likely to be a member of Tipulidae. Also, there are usually 13 segments in the antennae of large crane flies, compared to 14 or 16 in the common limoniid crane flies .[ 3]
The oldest fossils that can be assigned confidently to Tipulidae sensu stricto are those of the genus Tipunia ,Late Jurassic .[ 8] [ 9]
Genera
These 39 genera belong to the family Tipulidae:
Acracantha Skuse, 1890 Angarotipula Savchenko, 1961 Austrotipula Alexander, 1920 Brachypremna Osten Sacken, 1886 Brithura Edwards, 1916 Clytocosmus Skuse, 1890 Ctenophora Meigen, 1803 Dictenidia Brullé 1833 Dolichopeza Curtis, 1825 Elnoretta Alexander, 1929 Euvaldiviana Alexander, 1981 Goniotipula Alexander, 1921 Holorusia Loew Hovapeza Alexander, 1951 Hovatipula Alexander, 1955 Idiotipula Alexander, 1921 Indotipula Edwards, 1931 Ischnotoma Skuse, 1890 Keiseromyia Alexander, 1963 Leptotarsus Guerin-meneville, 1838 Macgregoromyia Alexander, 1929 Maekistocera Wiedemann, 1821 Nephrotoma Meigen, 1803 (tiger crane flies)Nigrotipula Hudson & Vane-Wright, 1969 Orithea Meigen, 1800 Ozodicera Macquart, 1834 Phoroctenia Coquillett, 1910 Platyphasia Skuse, 1890 Prionocera Loew, 1844 Prionota van der Wulp, 1885 Pselliophora Osten-Sacken, 1887 Ptilogyna Westwood, 1835 Scamboneura Osten Sacken, 1882 Sphaerionotus de Meijere, 1919 Tanyptera Latreille, 1804 Tipula Linnaeus, 1758 Tipulodina Enderlein, 1912 Valdiviana Alexander, 1929 Zelandotipula Alexander, 1922
References
^
"Tipulidae Report" . Integrated Taxonomic Information System . Retrieved 2023-06-14 .
^
"Tipulidae Latreille, 1802" . Catalogue of Life . Retrieved 2023-06-14 .
^ a b
"Tipulidae family Information" . BugGuide.net . Retrieved 2023-06-14 .
^
Kolcsár, L-P; Oosterbroek, P; Gavryushin, DI; Olsen, KM; et al. (2021). "Contribution to the knowledge of Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea): first records of 244 species from various European countries" . Biodiversity Data Journal . 9 : e67085. doi :10.3897/BDJ.9.e67085 PMC 9848614 PMID 36761998 .
^
Oosterbroek, Pjotr (2023). "Catalogue of the Craneflies of the World" . Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Retrieved 2023-06-13 .
^
Zhang, Bing; Gao, Shang; Cao, Yike; Chang, Wencheng; et al. (2019). "The mitochondrial genome of Tipula (Formotipula) melanomera gracilispina (Diptera: Tipulidae)" . Mitochondrial DNA Part B, Resources . 4 : 240–241. doi :10.1080/23802359.2018.1546136
^
Pape, Thomas; Blagoderov, Vladimir; Mostovski, Mikhail B. (2011). Zhang, Zhi-Qiang (ed.). "Order Diptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness" (PDF) . Zootaxa . 3148 . doi :10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.42 . ISBN 978-1-86977-849-1 ISSN 1175-5326 .
^ Lukashevich, Elena D.; Ribeiro, Guilherme C. (2019-04-18). "Mesozoic fossils and the phylogeny of Tipulomorpha (Insecta: Diptera)" . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology . 17 (8): 635–652. doi :10.1080/14772019.2018.1448899 . ISSN 1477-2019 . S2CID 89966924 . ^ Kopeć, Katarzyna; Soszyńska, Agnieszka; Coram, Robert A.; Krzemiński, Wiesław (July 2023). "New species of the enigmatic genus Tipunia (Diptera, Tipulidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Kazakhstan and Lower Cretaceous of England" . Cretaceous Research . 147 : 105512. doi :10.1016/j.cretres.2023.105512 . S2CID 257262387 .
External links
Tipulidae at Wikimedia Commons
