The village was founded in 1982 as an expansion of the three other moshavim in its vicinity: Revaya, Rehov, and Sde Trumot. Together these four settlements are combined in the "Bikurah" bloc. The population of Tel Te'omim is mostly composed of people who originally lived in the original three moshavim.
The name "Tel Te'omim", which means "twin hills" or the "hill of twins", is associated with a pair of nearby hills of archaeological interest.