The hospital opened in 1962.[2] It has dedicated itself to treating some of the poorest and sickest patients of the East Bay since its inception.[3] In 2012 it was nearly bankrupt but was bailed out with $12 million from the county of Alameda, Kaiser Permanente, and others.[3] With Kaiser Hayward planning a relocation to San Leandro, St. Rose will be the only hospital in the city.[3] The hospital considered plans to either be taken over by Alameda County Medical Center, or Lex Reddy, formerly with the embattled Prime Healthcare Services, and the brother-in-law of Prem Reddy.[4] Reddy's firm, Alecto Healthcare Services, began managing St. Rose in 2013.[5]
On June 11, 2020, a COVID-19 outbreak was reported at the hospital infecting 37 healthcare workers.[6]