South Chahar Autonomous Government

South Chahar Autonomous Government
察南自治政府(Japanese, Chinese)
Chá Nán Zìzhì Zhèngfǔ
Samminami Jichi Seifu
ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ
ᠴᠢᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ
ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ
ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ
ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ

Өмнөд Чахарын Холбоот Засгийн Ордон (Mongolian)
1937–1939
Flag of Chahar
Flag
Motto: 日察如一、剷除共黨、民族協和、民生向上
Japanese-Chahar Unity, Eradication of Communist Forces, Ethnic Coordination, Improvement of People's Lives
A map of the United Mongol Autonomous Government featuring the state
A map of the United Mongol Autonomous Government featuring the state
StatusPuppet state of the Empire of Japan
CapitalKalgan
Common languages
GovernmentMilitary dictatorship
Supreme Committee members 
• 1937–1939
Yu Pinqing and Du Yunyu [zh]
Chief Adviser 
• 1937–1939
Motohei Takuchi [zh]
Historical era
27 August 1937
• Established
4 September 1937
• Part of Mengjiang
1 September 1939
Population
• 
2,000,000[1][2]
CurrencyMengjiang yuan
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Republic of China
Mengjiang
Today part ofChina
South Chahar Autonomous Government
Chinese察南自治政府
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChá nán zìzhì zhèngfǔ
Wade–Gilesch'a nan tzu chih cheng fu

The South Chahar Autonomous Government was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan, as well as an administratively autonomous component of Mengjiang from its creation in 1937 to its complete merger in 1939. Following the Japanese invasion of China in July 1937, regional governments were established in Japanese-occupied territories.[1] After Operation Chahar in September 1937, which extended Japanese control to northern Shanxi region, more formal control of the area was established through the creation of the North Shanxi Autonomous Government, as well as the South Chahar Autonomous Government to the east of Shanxi.

History

On August 27, 1937, the Kwantung Army occupied Kalgan, the capital of the Chahar Province of the Republic of China. Sir Yu Pinqing, who was an executive member of the Zhangjiakou Shokai, was invited by the Japanese Army and appointed as a member of the Zhangjiaguchi Security Maintenance Committee based there. On September 4, the South Chahar Autonomous Government was established by the Zhangjiakou Security Maintenance Association. Kalgan was chosen as the capital (since it already functioned as a provisional one), and 10 prefectures in the southern part of Chahar Province (Xuanhua County, Wanquan County, Huai'an County, Zhuolu County, Yu County, Yangyuan County, Chicheng County, Ryuseki County, Enkei County, Huailai County) were absorbed into it.[3]

In addition to the South Chahar Autonomous Government, the Mongol United Autonomous Government and the North Shanxi Autonomous Government were established in the Mengjiang area at the same time. These three autonomous governments established the Mongolian Union Committee to facilitate each other's integration. However, this committee did not function well. Therefore, in September 1939, the three governments were merged into the newly established Mengjiang United Autonomous Government. At the same time, the South Chahar Autonomous Government was reorganized as the South Chahar Government Office and incorporated into the administrative divisions of the new government, and the South Chahar's Government Office was renamed to the Ministry of Xuanhua in 1943.[1]

Politics

In the South Chahar Autonomous Government, two supreme members elected from the political affairs committee played the role of administrative leaders. In addition, there were departments of the General Affairs Office, the Civil Affairs Agency, the Finance Agency, the National Safety Agency, and the Civil Affairs Agency, and the director was appointed as the head of each department. In addition, Japanese people were dispatched to each department of the autonomous government as advisors so that they could interfere with the country's administration, further solidifying the country's status as a Japanese puppet state.[1]

People

The key people in the Chahar government were as follows:[4][5][6]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d 抗日戰爭時期的那些僞政權,家國網,2012-7-31 Archived 2012-10-19 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Reorganized National Government of Japan (in Chinese). Beijing: Chinese Fumifumi Publishing Co., Ltd. 2002. p. 640.
  3. ^ 跨越二百六十五年的課本記憶,邯鄲日報,2010年10月1日[permanent dead link]
  4. ^ Liu Ji Lin; et al. (1995). Civilian Official Chronology (in Chinese). Beijing: Zhonghua Publishing Company. p. 1227.
  5. ^ History of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House. p. 363.
  6. ^ Dictionary of Modern Chinese History (in Chinese). Vol. 3. Modern China Publishing House. 1987. p. 100.
  7. ^ Liu Shoulin; et al. The Chronology of Officials in the Republic of China (in Chinese). Vol. 2. 北京: The Research Center for Historical Materials of the Republic of China.
  8. ^ Chronicles of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region: Government Chronicles (in Chinese). Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House.


40°49′N 114°53′E / 40.817°N 114.883°E / 40.817; 114.883