Sangassou virus

Orthohantavirus sangassouense
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Ellioviricetes
Order: Bunyavirales
Family: Hantaviridae
Genus: Orthohantavirus
Species:
Orthohantavirus sangassouense
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Sangassou hantavirus
  • Sangassou orthohantavirus
  • Sangassou virus

Sangassou virus (SANGV) is single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus species of the genus Orthohantavirus in the Bunyavirales order. It was first isolated in an African wood mouse (Hylomyscus simus) in the forest in Guinea, West Africa in 2010. It is named for the village near where the mouse was trapped. It is the first indigenous Murinae-associated African hantavirus to be discovered.[3]

Genome

The virus genome consists of three segments of negative-stranded RNA; the large (L) segment encodes the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, the medium (M) segment encodes the envelope glycoproteins Gn and Gc (cotranslationally cleaved from a glycoprotein precursor), and the small (S) segment encodes the nucleocapsid (N) protein.[3]

Renal syndrome

In rodents, hantavirus produces a chronic infection with no adverse sequelae. In humans, hantavirus produces two major clinical syndromes: hemorrhagic fever or pulmonary syndrome. European, Asian, and African rodent-borne hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever. The pulmonary syndrome is caused mainly by Sin Nombre virus and Andes virus in the Americas.[4][5]

Reservoirs

Natural reservoirs for this hantavirus species include the slit faced bat, moles, and shrews. Rodent-borne hantaviruses form three major evolutionary clades corresponding to the subfamilies of their rodent hosts. Hantaan virus, Seoul virus, and Dobrava-Belgrade virus are examples of Murinae-associated hantaviruses. Puumala virus and Tula virus belong to the Arvicolinae-associated hantaviruses, and Sin Nombre virus and Andes virus are representatives of Neotominae- and Sigmodontinae-associated hantaviruses.[3][6]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Genus: Orthohantavirus". ictv.global. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
  2. ^ "History of the taxon: Species: Orthohantavirus sangassouense (2023 Release, MSL #39)". ictv.global. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
  3. ^ a b c Klempa, B.; Witkowski, P. T.; Popugaeva, E.; Auste, B.; Koivogui, L.; Fichet-Calvet, E.; Strecker, T.; Ter Meulen, J.; Krüger, D. H. (2012). "Sangassou Virus, the First Hantavirus Isolate from Africa, Displays Genetic and Functional Properties Distinct from Those of Other Murinae-Associated Hantaviruses". Journal of Virology. 86 (7): 3819–3827. doi:10.1128/JVI.05879-11. PMC 3302504. PMID 22278233.
  4. ^ Chen R, Gong H, Wang X, Sun M, Ji Y, Tan S, Chen J, Shao J, Liao M (8 August 2023). "Zoonotic Hantaviridae with Global Public Health Significance". Viruses. 15 (8): 1705. doi:10.3390/v15081705. PMC 10459939. PMID 37632047.
  5. ^ Koehler FC, Di Cristanziano V, Späth MR, Hoyer-Allo KJ, Wanken M, Müller RU, Burst V (29 January 2022). "The kidney in hantavirus infection-epidemiology, virology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and management". Clin Kidney J. 15 (7): 1231–1252. doi:10.1093/ckj/sfac008. PMC 9217627. PMID 35756741.
  6. ^ Klempa, B.; Fichet-Calvet, E.; Lecompte, E.; Auste, B.; Aniskin, V.; Meisel, H.; Barrière, P.; Koivogui, L.; Ter Meulen, J.; Krüger, D. H. (2007). "Novel Hantavirus Sequences in Shrew, Guinea". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 13 (3): 520–522. doi:10.3201/eid1303.061198. PMC 2725914. PMID 17554814.