In 1927, the episcopal seat and residence of the bishop of the diocese of Boiano was transferred to Campobasso, and the diocese was renamed diocese of Boiano-Campobasso. It was suffragan (subordinate) ecclesiastically to the archdiocese of Benevento.
History
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The name Laurentius often appears as the earliest known bishop of Bojano, and a participant in the third Roman synod of Pope Symmachus (498–514) in 501.[1] It has been pointed out, however, that the manuscripts have variants: Bovianensis, Bobianensis, Boensis, Bonensis, Bononiensis, Bonomensis, Vovianensis, Vohianensis, Vivianensis.[2] Giuseppe Cappelletti rejected the attribution of Laurentius to Bojano, and suggested Bobbio instead.[3] But, as Francesco Lanzoni pointed out, the diocese of Bobbio is a later foundation.[4] Pius Gams does not include Laurentius in his list of bishops of Bojano.[5]
In the second half of the 9th century, Boiano had its own gastald, who was subject to the Lombard prince of Benevento. Around 860, an alliance against the Saracens was entered into by the gastald of Boiano, the gastald of Telese, the count of Marsi, and the duke of Spoleto.[6]
In 1047, Boiano was still subject to the archbishop of Benevento.[7] On 24 January 1058, Pope Stephen IX confirmed the privileges and rights of Udalricus, Archbishop of Benevento, including the church of Boiano.[8] In June 1061, an unnamed bishop of Boiano took part in the first provincial synod of Archbishop Udalricus of Benevento.[9]
The first bishop of Boiano known by name is Adalberto (Alberto), who participated in the consecration of the major church at Montecassino by Pope Alexander II, on 1 October 1071.[10]
Bishop Poliziano consecrated the cathedral in 1215, with the participation of the bishops of Lucera, Fiorentino, Ariano, and Tortiboli.[11]
In 1221, the city of Boiano was captured by Frederick II, and set to the torch.[12] In his edict, the "Statutum de reparatione castrorum", Frederick provided for the construction, maintenance, and provision of certain fortresses throughout his domains, which were to be inspected every quarter by "provisores castrorum".[13] In 1239, Frederick designated certain strategic castles as "castra exempta", which were to be administered directly by the "provisores castrorum." One of these was Bojano.[14] The men of Boiano were assigned to keep the castrum in repair.[15]
Others were: Giovanni (1226), who decorated the facade at his own expense, as recorded in an inscription; Silvio Pandoni (1489), who restored the work of Giovanni; Cardinal Franciotto Orsini (1519) and Bishop Carlo Carafa (1572), who adorned the cathedral with costly furnishings; and Celestino Bruni (1653), theologian and preacher.
A great earthquake struck the kingdom of Naples on 5 December 1456. The city of Boiano and nearly all the inhabitants were reported killed.[16]
On 22 August 1794, Bishop Nicholas Rossetti held a diocesan synod in the cathedral of S. Bartolommeo in Boiano.[17]
In the major earthquake of 26 July 1805, most of Boiano was destroyed, with 124 of the 3,433 inhabitants killed.[18]
Francesco Macarone (1879–1897) presided over a diocesan synod, held from 25 to 27 August 1885.[19]
Transfer of episcopal seat
On 29 June 1927, citing the size of the city of Campobasso and the superior transportation connections, Pope Pius XI ordered the transfer of the seat of the bishop of Boiano from Boiano to Campobasso. The church of Santissima Trinità was named a cathedral, and the Chapter of the cathedral of S. Bartholomew the Apostle in Boiano was transferred to Campobasso. The rights of the cathedral of Boiano were suppressed. The diocese was to be called "Boianensis-Campobassensis". The former archpriest of the cathedral of Boiano was appointed Archpresbyter-parochus of the cathedral of Campobasso.
The seminary of the diocese of Boiano was transferred to Campobasso, and the students from Boiano were exempted from paying the "pensio".[20]
Promotion of diocese and bishop
On 11 February 1973, Pope Paul VI raised the diocese of Boiano-Campobasso to the rank of an archdiocese, and its bishop to the rank of archbishop. At the same time, he released the archdiocese from being a suffragan of the archdiocese of Benevento, and made it immediately subject to the Holy See (Papacy).[21] On 5 March 1973, at a public consistory, Archbishop Alberto Carinci requested and received his pallium.[22]
Metropolitan
Following the Second Vatican Council, and in accordance with the norms laid out in the council's decree, Christus Dominus chapter 40,[23] Pope Paul VI ordered a reorganization of the ecclesiastical provinces in southern Italy. On 21 August 1976, he issued the decree "Ad apicem", creating the new ecclesiastical province entitled «Boianensis-Campobassensis», with its administrative center in Campobasso. The metropolitan archdiocese was assigned as suffragans the dioceses of Trivento (which had been immediately subject to the Holy See), Isernia-Venafro (which had been subject to the metropolitan archdiocese of Capua), and Termoli-Larino (which had been subject to the metropolitan archdiocese of Benevento.[24]
On 21 January 1983, Pope John Paul II issued the decree "Ad Uberius", by which he removed the towns of Sant'Angelo Limosano, Limosano, Matrice, Campolieto, Monacilioni, San Giovanni in Galdo, Toro, Campodipietra, Jelsi, Gildone, Gercemaggiore, Riccia, Gambatesa, Tufara, Pietracatella, Macchia Valfortore, S. Elia a Pianisi, from the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the archbishop of Benevento and assigned them to the jurisdiction of the archbishop of Campobasso-Boiano.[25]
^Cappelletti, Le chiese d'Italia XIX (Venice 1864), pp. 191-192.
^Lanzoni, p. 398: "Non si può pensare a Bobbio (Piemonte), diocesi recente; non a Bologna, perchè nei dittici di questa diocesi dell'Emilia un Laurentius non appare."
^Kehr IX, p. 199: "Ecclesias in comitatu Boianensi usque ad flumen Sangrum et comitatum Triventinum Gerardo ep. Iserniensi noviter ab Atenulfo Capuano archiep. consecrato subiectas esse legimus in eius charta a. 1047 data." Ughelli VI, p. 394.
^Kehr IX, p. 199 and p. 58, no. 24: "...Troia, Draconaria, Civitate, Monte Corvino, Tortibulo, Viccari, Florentine, Bobiniano, Toccho, Monte Marano, Monte de Vico."
^Ughelli VIII, p. 242-243. Another document, dated 1095, reports that his name was subscribed Obertus, unless Obertus and Adalbertus are two different bishops.
^Ughelli VIII, p. 243, quoting a lead tablet with the dedicatory inscription found inside the high altar.
^In the Terra di Lavoro, these were: Sora, Rocca d'Arce, Cerro. Bojano, Roccaguglielma, Montecassino, Rocca Janula, Rocca d'Evandro, Monticelli, Sujo, Rocca Mondragone, Capua, Aversa, Castel Capuano, Castel d'Ovo in Naples, Somma Vesuvia, and Cajazzo.
^Sthamer, p. 98: "Item castrum Bouani reparari debet per homines ipsius terre, Montis Viridis, Castelli Vecclis, baroniae Castri Pignani, Campi bassi, Ysernie, Rocce Madeluni, Cantalupi et baronie domini Thomasii de Molisio." Oreste Muccilli (2010), Civita di Bojano - la storia di un castello molisano,(in Italian) (Campobasso 2010), pp. 41-42.
^Mario Baratta, I terremoti d'Italia (Torino: De Bocca 1901), p. 69: "Boiano (Campobasso) — spianato interamente con eccidio di quasi tutti gli abitanti: i pochi salvati si rifugiarono a Civita, villaggio non del tutto rovinato."
^Prima dioecesana synodus ab illustriss., et reverendiss. Domino. D. Niccolao Rossetti Bovianen, et sepinen. episcopo habita die 22. augusti 1784,(in Latin), Bojano 1789.
^Mario Baratta, I terremoti d'Italia (Torino: De Bocca 1901), pp. 318-319 ("in Boiano cadde l' intera parte bassa della città"); 791 ("Nel terremoto del 1805 Boiano rimase completamente distrutto").
^Prima synodus dioecesana ab illustrissimo, ac reverendissimo Domino Francisco Macarone-Palmieri episcopo bojanensi celebrata diebus XXV XXVI XXVII augusti MDCCCLXXXV.(in Latin). Florentiae: typis M. Cellini et soc. 1885.
^Acta Apostolicae Sedis 19 (Rome: Typis Poliglottis Vaticanis 1927), pp. 332-334.
^Acta Apostolicae Sedis 65 (Città del Vaticano 1973), pp. 130-131, 173.
^Acta Apostolicae Sedis 65 (Città del Vaticano 1973), p. 202.
^Christus Dominus 40. Therefore, in order to accomplish these aims this sacred synod decrees as follows: 1) The boundaries of ecclesiastical provinces are to be submitted to an early review and the rights and privileges of metropolitans are to be defined by new and suitable norms. 2) As a general rule all dioceses and other territorial divisions that are by law equivalent to dioceses should be attached to an ecclesiastical province. Therefore dioceses which are now directly subject to the Apostolic See and which are not united to any other are either to be brought together to form a new ecclesiastical province, if that be possible, or else attached to that province which is nearer or more convenient. They are to be made subject to the metropolitan jurisdiction of the bishop, in keeping with the norms of the common law. 3) Wherever advantageous, ecclesiastical provinces should be grouped into ecclesiastical regions for the structure of which juridical provision is to be made.
^Acta Apostolicae Sedis 68 (Città del Vaticano 1976), pp. 594-595.
^Decree "Ad uberius": Acta Apostolicae Sedis 75 (Citta del Vaticano 1983), p. 662.
^A bishop of Boiano, whose personal name is not mentioned, took part in the first provincial synod of Benevento held under Archbishop Udaleric in June 1061. Ughelli VIII, pp. 81-82.
^Bishop Albertus took part in the provincial synod of Benevento under Archbishop Milo in March 1075. Ughelli VIII, pp. 88-89.
^O. Bertolini (1926), I documenti trascritti nel "Liber preceptorum Beneventani monasterii Sophiae in: Studi di Storia Napoletana in onore di M. Schipa(in Italian), (Napoli 1926), no. 172; cited by H.-W. Klewitz (1933), Zur Geschichte der Bistumsorganisation Campaniens und Apuliens im 10. und 11. Jahrhundert, in: Quellen und Forsschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken 24 (1933), p. 46.
^Bishop Bernardo is known only from a document once in the cathedral archives, mentioned by Vincenzo Ciarlanti. Ughelli VIII, p. 243.
^Adamon was present at the execution of a document of Count Robert of Boiano in November 1119. Ughelli VIII, p. 243-245.
^Robertus is referred to by Ughelli VIII, p. 243bis, but without documentary proof.
^In 1215, Bishop Politianus was the principal dedicant of the cathedral of S. Bartolommeo in Boiano. Ughelli VIII, p. 243bis. Eubel I, p. 140.
^Joannes was elected by the cathedral Chapter, and confirmed by Pope Honorius III on 21 December 1225. Ughelli VIII, p. 243. Eubel I, p. 140.
^Josephus (Giuseppe): Ughelli VIII, p. 243. Eubel I, p. 140.
^Palmerius was released from his commitment to the diocese of Calvi (c. 1245–1252), and appointed by Pope Innocent IV on 25 July 1252. The letter notes that he had been afflicted by enemies of the Church, and requested a transfer from the pope. The enemies were likely the successors of Frederick II, Conrad IV and Manfred. Ughelli VIII, p. 243. Élie Berger, Les registres d'Innocent IV Tome III (Paris: Fontemoing 1897), p. 93, no.5884. Eubel I, p. 140.
^Pope John XXI, who was living in Viterbo, confirmed the election of Canon Joannes of the Church of Boiano on 9 January 1277. E. Cadier, Le registre de Jean XXI, (Paris: Thorin 1892), p. 22, no. 57. Eubel I, p. 140.
^The name occurs in an inscription placed in the wall of the campanile of the church of S. Chiara in Naples, recording the names of the bishops who participated in the consecration of the church in 1340. Only "G. Boianum" can be read. Masciotta, p. 223.
^Joannes was appointed by Pope Gregory XII, who had been deposed by the Council of Pisa on 5 June 1409, for manifest heresy, schism, and perjury. Masciotta, p. 224, says that he died within the year. Eubel I, p. 140 with note 3.
^Nicholas was appointed by John XXIII at the age of 15. He is said to have abandoned the ecclesiastical life and had children. Ughelli VIII, p. 244, no. 26. Eubel I, p. 140.
^Raimondo Ugotti had previously been abbot of the monastery of S. Vito, and then Bishop of S. Agata dei Goti (1423–1430). He was transferred to Boiano by Pope Martin V on 18 December 1430. He was transferred to the diocese of Conza on 3 July 1439 by Pope Eugenius IV. He died in 1454. Eubel I, pp. 76, 140; II, pp. 108, 134.
^Veroli had been Bishop of Conversano (1437–1439). He was transferred to Boiano on 25 September 1439. On 11 September 1452, Veroli was appointed Bishop of Urbino by Pope Nicholas V. In 1453 he was transferred to the diocese of Muro, and in 1464 to the diocese of Camerino, where he died in 1478. Eubel II, pp. 108, 116, 135, 197, 260.
^Jacopo di Monte Bottoniese had been a canon of Sabina. He received his bulls on 25 September 1452. He died in 1458. Cappelletti XIX, p. 197. Eubel II, p. 108.
^Antonio had been a canon of the cathedral of Teramo. He was appointed by Pope Pius II on 4 November 1458, and had his bulls on 10 November 1458. Eubel II, p. 108, with note 2.
^Odo was appointed on 31 January 1464. Eubel II, p. 108.
^A member of the Neapolitan nobility, Pandoni was appointed bishop of Boiano on 29 July 1489. He restored and embellished the cathedral. On 21 May 1515, he was appointed Bishop of Aversa by Pope Leo X, continuing to administer the diocese of Boiano until his death. According to his funeral monument Pandoni died on 8 February 1519. Cappelletti XIX, p. 197. Eubel II, p. 108 with note 3; III, pp. 126, 136 with notes 2 and 3.
^Orsini was named a cardinal by Pope Leo X on 1 July 1517. He was named Apostolic Administrator of the diocese of Boiano on 18 January 1519. He resigned upon the appointment of Bishop Valentino Franco on 24 July 1523. During his administration he was a candidate for pope in the papal conclave of 1 December 1521–9 January 1522, and was one of the three cardinals commissioned to go to Spain to carry out the formalities of informing the pope-elect of his election; he participated in the coronation of Pope Adrian VI on 31 August 1522. There is no indication that he was ever consecrated a bishop. Eubel III, pp. 17, no. 31; 136 with note 4.
^Pirro was the nephew of Bishop Valentino Franco, who retired in his favor, and a canon of Boiano. He required a papal dispensation since he was only 27 years old. He was appointed in the papal consistory of 7 June 1549 by Pope Paul III. He died in 1572. Ughelli VIII, p. 246, no. 37. Eubel III, p. 136, with notes 6 and 7.
^A native of Naples, Carafa was the sixth son of Sigismondo Carafa, Count of Monte-Calvo; and Lucrezia Carafa, daughter of Berlingieri, lord of Novi. He held the degree of doctor of theology. He had been Bishop of Guardialfiera (1567–1562). He was appointed bishop of Boiano on 4 July 1572, by Pope Gregory XIII. He redecorated the cathedral, improving the choir, arches, and floor. Carafa had planned an "ad limina" visit to Rome for November 1592, but he was driven into exile at Pozzuoli in May for fear of bandits. Eubel III, pp. 136, 207. Cappelletti XIX, pp. 198-199. He died on 29 September 1608. Gabriele di Rosa (1998) Tempo religioso e tempo storico. Saggi e note di storia sociale e religiosa dal Medioevo all'età contemporanea, vol.III (Roma: Ed. di Storia e Letteratura 1998), p. 42.
^Manfredi: Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 125 with note 2.
^Cangiani: Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 125 with note 3.
^Micillo: Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 126 with note 4.
^Rossetti born in the town of Arienzo (diocese of S. Agata Gothorum) in 1734. He held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure (Naples 1760). He served as Vicar General of Capaccio, then Gallipoli, then Sora. He was named Apostolic Visitor of Boiano, and then Vicar General of Capua. He was appointed bishop of Boiano on 27 June 1774, by Pope Clement XIV. He rebuilt the episcopal palace in Boiano, and restored and extended the junior seminary. He died on 25 January 1819. Prima dioecesana synodus ab illustriss., et reverendiss. Domino. D. Niccolao Rossetti Bovianen, et sepinen. episcopo habita die 22. augusti 1784,(in Latin), Bojano 1789, "Appendix". Ritzler & Sefrin VI, p. 126 with note 5.
^Pasca nominated bishop of Boiano by Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies on 7 April 1819, and confirmed (preconised) by Pope Pius VII on 4 June. On 6 June 1819, he was consecrated a bishop in Rome by Cardinal Michele di Pietro. He was nominated bishop of Nola on 4 May 1828 by Francis I of the Two Sicilies, and confirmed as Bishop of Nola, by Pope Leo XII, on 23 June 1828. He died on 3 October 1855. Ritzler & Sefrin VII, pp. 114, 286. Filippo Renato De Luca, I vescovi di Nola nei medaglioni della cattedrale, Naples: Istituto grafico editoriale italiano, 2000, p. 175.
^Born in Denno in 1948, Bregantini attended the Gregorian University, obtaining a Licentiate in Church History. He made his profession in the Stigmatine Fathers in 1974, and was ordained in 1978. He was an assistant pastor and pastor in Crotone and Bari. He was appointed bishop of Locri-Gerace by Pope John Paul II on 12 February 1994, and on 8 November 2007 was promoted Archbishop of Campobasso-Boiano by Pope Benedict XVI. He is a prolific author of devotional books. Arcidiocesi Campobasso-Bojano, "Arcivescovo Metropolita"(in Italian); retrieved 17 January 2023.
Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. I (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. II (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
Eubel, Conradus; Gulik, Guilelmus (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. III (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. IV (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. V (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. VI (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
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