Reich Ministry for the Occupied Territories

The occupied areas of the Rhineland and the 3 bridgeheads east of the Rhine River

The Reich Ministry for the Occupied Territories (German: Reichsministerium für die besetzten Gebiete) was a cabinet-level ministry of the Weimar Republic from 24 August 1923 to 30 September 1930. It was responsible for the administration of both the Rhineland region occupied by the Allies under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles and of the Ruhr after it was occupied by the French and Belgians in January 1923. The Ministry is not to be confused with Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories that existed under the National Socialists.

Background

In December 1918, French, Belgian and British troops occupied parts of the Rhineland and neighboring areas in Hesse, Hesse-Nassau and the Palatinate. The Treaty of Versailles, which came into effect on 10 January 1920, defined the left bank of the Rhine and the bridgeheads of Cologne, Koblenz and Mainz as an Allied zone of occupation.[1] As a result of disputes over German reparations payments required by the Treaty, French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr in January 1923.[2]

Foundation

The Reich Ministry of the Interior began to assume responsibility for administering the occupied areas of the Rhineland soon after foreign troops entered. By the spring of 1923, its Department IV had twelve sub-departments that were responsible for general political and economic affairs in the Rhineland. They included the relations of German authorities with occupying authorities, culture and welfare, agriculture and nutrition, municipal and housing affairs, transportation, the civil service and the Saar region. After the occupation of the Ruhr, an additional department was established with oversight in the Ruhr area over the collection of intelligence, occupation costs, personal injury and property damage, welfare measures for civil servants and expelled and displaced persons, and cooperation on economic, transportation, social policy and cultural issues. On 1 April 1923, the Reich Treasury Administration for the Occupied Territories became part of the Interior Ministry as Department R. Its responsibilities included financing occupation costs and providing compensation for expellees.[3]

During the chancellorship of Gustav Stresemann, the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Territories was formally established as a separate ministry by decree of Reich President Friedrich Ebert on 27 August 1923.[4] The reason for the new ministry was more political than administrative. Strengthening the occupied territories was seen as a necessary step following the unrest that took place after the occupation of the Ruhr. A bill introduced by the Centre Party to set up the ministry was adopted unanimously by the Reichstag. Unlike the other Reich ministries, the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Territories was a regional ministry that co-administered other responsibilities in its area.[3]

The presidential decree that established the new ministry simply transferred the responsibilities of the existing Department IV and Department R of the Interior Ministry to the new ministry to be headed by a Reich minister for the occupied territories.[4]

After the end of the Allied occupation of the Rhineland on 30 June 1930, the Ministry was dissolved.[3]

Ministers

Ministers for the occupied territories were officially named only under the first and second cabinets of Gustav Stresemann, the second of Hermann Müller and the first of Heinrich Brüning. The others sat in the cabinets in an acting capacity.

Chancellor Cabinet Year Minister Party
Gustav Stresemann I and II 1923 Johannes Fuchs Centre
Wilhelm Marx I and II 1923–1925 Anton Höfle Centre
Hans Luther I 1925 Josef Frenken
Hans Luther
Centre
Independent
II 1926 Wilhelm Marx Centre
Wilhelm Marx III 1926–1927 Johannes Bell Centre
IV 1927–1928 Wilhelm Marx Centre
Hermann Müller II 1928–1930 Theodor von Guérard
Carl Severing
Joseph Wirth
Centre
SPD
Centre
Heinrich Brüning I 1930–1931 Gottfried Treviranus KVP

References

  1. ^ Schlemmer, Martin. "Die Rheinlandbesetzung (1918-1930)" [Occupation of the Rhineland (1918-1930)]. Internetportal Rheinische Geschichte (in German). Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  2. ^ Llewellyn, Jennifer; Thompson, Steve (25 September 2019). "The Ruhr Occupation". Alpha History. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  3. ^ a b c Lilla, Joachim. "Das Reichsministerium für die besetzten Gebiete (1919-1930)" [Reich Ministry for the Occupied Territories]. Internetportal Rheinische Geschichte (in German). Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  4. ^ a b Reichsgesetzblatt: Erlaβ über die Errichtung des Reichsministeriums für die besetzten Gebiete vom 24. August 1923 [Reich Law Gazette: Decree on the Establishment of the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Territories of 24 August 1923] (in German). 1923. p. 832.

Read other articles:

Harry Potter 20th Anniversary: Return to HogwartsPoster promosiBerdasarkanHarry Potter (seri film)oleh Warner Bros. Unscripted TelevisionSutradara Casey Patterson Joe Pearlman Pemeran Daniel Radcliffe Rupert Grint Emma Watson Helena Bonham Carter Robbie Coltrane Ralph Fiennes Jason Isaacs Gary Oldman Tom Felton James Phelps Oliver Phelps Mark Williams Bonnie Wright Alfred Enoch Ian Hart Toby Jones Matthew Lewis Evanna Lynch David Heyman Chris Columbus Alfonso Cuarón Mike Newell David Yates N...

American rock band Q5Q5 at Headbangers Open Air 2016Background informationOriginSeattle, Washington, USGenres Hard rock heavy metal Years active1983–1989, 2014–presentLabels Frontiers Music for Nations PolyGram WebsiteQ5 on Facebook Musical artist Q5 is an American hard rock/heavy metal band from Seattle, Washington, who formed in 1983.[1] Their first studio album, titled Steel the Light, came out in 1984. Picking up some critical praise, the outfit toured with the likes of Lita F...

Вулиця ГольдбергівськаХарків Вид Гольдбергівської вулиці разом із церквоюВид Гольдбергівської вулиці разом із церквоюМісцевість Левада, Заїківка, МоскалівкаРайон Основ'янський, НовобаварськийКолишні назви Заіківська, Першої Кінної АрміїЗагальні відомостіПротяжні�...

Corcelles-les-Arts Corcelles-les-Arts (Frankreich) Staat Frankreich Region Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Département (Nr.) Côte-d’Or (21) Arrondissement Beaune Kanton Ladoix-Serrigny Gemeindeverband Beaune Côte et Sud Koordinaten 46° 57′ N, 4° 48′ O46.9533333333334.795Koordinaten: 46° 57′ N, 4° 48′ O Höhe 195–221 m Fläche 5,47 km² Einwohner 441 (1. Januar 2020) Bevölkerungsdichte 81 Einw./km² Postleitzahl 21190 INSEE-Co...

ميرسيا سينغور (بالرومانية: Mircea Ion Snegur)‏  مناصب رئيس برلمان مولدوفا   في المنصب27 أبريل 1990  – 3 سبتمبر 1990  رئيس مولدوفا (1 )   في المنصب3 سبتمبر 1990  – 15 يناير 1997    بيترو وتشنسكي  عضو برلمان مولدوفا   في المنصب22 مارس 1998  – 25 فبراير 2001  معلومات شخصية ال

Croatian Naval Legion under German command Croatian Naval LegionHrvatska Pomorska LegijaCroatian Naval Legion on 5 May 1944Active3 July 1941—21 May 1944Country Independent State of CroatiaAllegiance GermanyBranchKriegsmarineTypeNavySize343 (09/1941) 1,000 men peak in 1943[1]Part ofWehrmachtGarrison/HQGeniscek, Ukraine (09/1941) Mariupol, Ukraine (05/1942)Trieste, OZAK (1944)EngagementsWorld War IICommandersNotablecommandersAndro Vrkljan[1]Military unit The Cro...

German footballer (born 1996) Rieke Dieckmann Dieckmann in 2017Personal informationDate of birth (1996-08-16) 16 August 1996 (age 27)Place of birth Bissendorf, GermanyHeight 1.67 m (5 ft 6 in)Position(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team Werder BremenNumber 22Senior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2012–2016 SV Meppen 77 (20)2016–2017 Bayer Leverkusen 13 (0)2017–2018 MSV Duisburg 21 (0)2018–2021 Turbine Potsdam 39 (4)2021 → FC Twente (loan) 10 (2)2021– Werder B...

612 Patra Kuningan Halte TransjakartaHalte Patra Kuningan, 2022LetakKotaJakarta SelatanDesa/kelurahanKuningan Timur, SetiabudiKodepos12950AlamatJalan HR Rasuna SaidKoordinat6°14′01″S 106°49′53″E / 6.23351°S 106.8313°E / -6.23351; 106.8313Koordinat: 6°14′01″S 106°49′53″E / 6.23351°S 106.8313°E / -6.23351; 106.8313Desain HalteStruktur BRT, median jalan bebas 1 tengah Pintu masukJembatan penyeberangan di sudut Jalan HR ...

Japanese composer and conductor (1925–1989) This biography needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this biography. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Yasushi Akutagawa – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Yasushi AkutagawaYasushi AkutagawaBorn(1925-07-12)July 12, ...

1952 film by Joseph Kane Hoodlum EmpireTheatrical release posterDirected byJoseph KaneScreenplay byBruce ManningBob ConsidineStory byBob ConsidineProduced byHerbert J. YatesStarringBrian DonlevyClaire TrevorForrest TuckerVera RalstonLuther AdlerJohn RussellCinematographyReggie LanningEdited byRichard L. Van EngerMusic byNathan ScottProductioncompanyRepublic PicturesDistributed byRepublic PicturesRelease date April 15, 1952 (1952-04-15) (United States) Running time98 minutes...

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Oktober 2022. Gedung Marba adalah salah satu cagar budaya Indonesia yang terletak di Kota Lama Semarang, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Gedung Marba telah ditetapkan sebagai salah satu cagar budaya Indonesia dengan nomor pendaftaran yaitu CB.1165. Penetapan Gedung Marb...

British television and film director and producer (1941–2021) Apted redirects here. For other people with this surname, see Apted (surname). Michael AptedCMGApted in 2013BornMichael David Apted(1941-02-10)10 February 1941Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, EnglandDied7 January 2021(2021-01-07) (aged 79)Los Angeles, California, U.S.EducationCity of London SchoolDowning College, CambridgeOccupation(s)Television and film director, producerYears active1963–2019Spouses Jo Apted ​&#...

Ethnic group in Hong Kong Australians in Hong KongTotal population100,000 (2017)[1]1.3% of the populationLanguagesAustralian English · Chinese Part of a series onEthnicity in Hong Kong Africans Americans Australians Britons Canadians Han Chinese (Shanghainese, Tanka) Filipinos French Indonesians Japanese Koreans Russians South Asians (Nepalis, Pakistanis) Thais Vietnamese vte There are over 100,000 Australians in Hong Kong,[1] with most being Chinese Australians...

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Songs That Made Country Girls Famous – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1969 studio album by Lynn AndersonSongs That Made Country Girls FamousStudio album by Lynn AndersonReleased1969GenreCountr...

Fort Frederick St John River, New Brunswick Fort Frederick, Saint John, New Brunswick St. John River Campaign: The Construction of Fort Frederick (1758) by Thomas Davies Monument to Fort Frederick and other forts on the same site, Saint John, New Brunswick Fort Frederick (1758—1777, earlier Fort Menagoueche, superseded by Fort Howe in 1777) was a British fort at what is now Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. It was built during the St. John River Campaign of the French and Indian War. It wa...

Hospital in Massachusetts, United StatesLakeville HospitalMassachusettsFormer Lakeville State HospitalGeographyLocationLakeville, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United StatesCoordinates41°52′34.42″N 70°55′39.62″W / 41.8762278°N 70.9276722°W / 41.8762278; -70.9276722OrganizationTypeSanatorium hospitalHistoryConstruction started1907Opened1910Closed1992LinksListsHospitals in Massachusetts Lakeville Hospital, also known as the Lakeville State Sanatorium, was a...

قصر الامم، مكتب الأمم المتحدة في جنيف (سويسرا) هو ثاني أهم مركز للأمم المتحدة بعد مقر الأمم المتحدة. بينما يقع المقر الرئيسي للأمانة العامة للأمم المتحدة في مدينة نيويورك، يقع المقر الرئيسي للعديد من هيئاتها ووكالاتها المتخصصة والمنظمات ذات الصلة في أجزاء أخرى من العالم، �...

United Parcel Service, Inc.ЛоготипТипПублічна компаніяОрганізаційно-правова форма господарюванняпублічна компаніяГалузьЕкспрес-доставка, логістикаЛістинг на біржіNYSE: UPSЗасновано1907Засновник(и)James E. CaseydШтаб-квартира США: Атланта (штат Джорджія)Ключові особиСкотт Девіс (Scott Da...

Angels & AirwavesDate personaleOrigineSan Diego, California, SUA  Gen muzicalrock alternativspace rock[*][[space rock (genre of rock music)|​]]neo-prog[*][[neo-prog (subgenre of progressive rock)|​]]  Data formării2005  Case de discuriGeffen RecordsSuretone Records[*][[Suretone Records (American record label)|​]]Rise Records[*][[Rise Records (American record label)|​]]  MembriTom DelongeDavid Kennedy[*][[David Kennedy (muzician american)|​...

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Blakely. Cet article est une ébauche concernant une localité de Géorgie (États-Unis). Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Blakely Administration Pays États-Unis État Géorgie Comté Early Démographie Population 5 696 hab. (2000) Densité 125 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 31° 22′ 36″ nord, 84° 56′ 02″ o...