Pilu oil

pilu tree
Salvadora persica
Salvadora persica

Pilu oil is an extract from seeds of the Pilu tree (Salvadora persica), also known as the toothbrush tree. It is used for soaps, detergents, and resist dyeing.

Characteristics

The oil comes from the seed and kernel. The percentage of the oil in seeds is 32-34%. The seed contains a brittle shell on the outer surface, and the kernel accounts for 60% in dried seed, containing 40-43% oil.

‘Sweet Variety’ of Pilu yields 35-44% oil which has a strong odour. The odour is due to the presence of Benzyl isothiocyanate in the oil. There is greenish yellow fat called Khakan fat. The purified fat is free from foul odour and has an agreeable taste. It is snow white. The oil is rich in lauric and myristic acids. It has a high melting point and a disagreeable odour that disappears on purification.[1] The most important aspect of the oil is the presence of a low percentage of C8 and C10 fatty acids that are of great economic significance.[1] The oil is an alternative source of oil for soap and detergent industries.[1]

Physical Characteristics of Pilu Oil[2]

property range
Refractive index 40 °C 1.4465
Saponification value 251.2
Iodine value 15.6
polenske value 10.9
Reichert-Meissl value 5.9
solidifying point 31.1 °C
Specific gravity(35.5 °C/15.5 °C) 0.9246

Fatty Acid Composition of Pilu Oil[3]

fatty acid percentage
Capric acid(C10:0) 1.0-1.5
Lauric acid(C12:0) 19.6-47.2
Myristic acid(C14:0) 28.4-54.5
Palmitic acid(C16:) 18.9-29.5
Oleic acid(C18:1) 5.5-12.0
linoleic acid(C18:2) 0.0-1.2

Uses

The fat is used in soap, making up to 20% of the soap itself, and it replaces coconut oil. It is used as a resist in the dyeing industry. The oil is also used in rheumatic infection treatment.[3]

In India Pilu fat is being used for soap making in the "unorganised" or cottage sector of the industry, particularly by the Non-Edible Oil Industry of the Khadi and Village Industries commission. The All India Non-Edible Oil Industry Association, Poona, are making soap with it.[2] The oil has a bitter and sharp taste and may be used as a purgative diuretic, or tonic seed oil may be applied to the skin in rheumatism.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Orwa, Caleb; Mutua, A.; Kindt, Roeland; Jamnadass, Ramni; Simons, Anthony (2009). "Salvadora persica". Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide (4th ed.). Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry Centre. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
  2. ^ a b Board, Niir (October 2002). Modern Technology Of Oils, Fats & Its Derivatives. ISBN 9788178330853. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
  3. ^ a b "Pilu / Khakan". crirec.com. Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2013-11-29.
  4. ^ "chandra oil- pilu oil". my.agrotrade.net/. Retrieved 2013-11-29.

Read other articles:

The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure

Dark ride attraction This article is about the dark ride attraction. For the video game, see The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure (video game). The Little Mermaid ~ Ariel's Undersea AdventureThe entrance for The Little Mermaid ~ Ariel's Undersea Adventure at Disney California Adventure.Disney California AdventureAreaParadise Pier (2011–2018) Paradise Gardens Park (2018–present)Coordinates33°48′21″N 117°55′19″W / 33.8058064°N 117.9220354°W&#x...

 

Rock (confectionery)

Hard stick-shaped boiled sugar confectionery This article is about traditional British seaside cylindrical boiled sweets. For crystalised sugar candy, see Rock candy. For other uses, see Rock (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Rock confectionery – news · newspapers · books · sch...

 

Rice County, Minnesota

County in Minnesota, United States This article is about the Minnesota county. For the city with the same name, see Rice, Minnesota. This article contains too many pictures for its overall length. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please improve this article by removing indiscriminate collections of images or adjusting images that are sandwiching text in accordance with the Manual of Style on use of images. (October 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) T...

Mr. Quin yang Misterius

The Mysterious Mr Quin Berkas:The Mysterious Mr Quin First Edition Cover 1930.jpgIlustrasi edisi Inggris pertamaPengarangAgatha ChristiePerancang sampulThomas DerrickNegaraBritania RayaBahasaInggrisGenreFiksi detektifCerpenPenerbitWilliam Collins & SonsTanggal terbit14 April 1930Jenis mediaCetak (sampul keras & sampul kertas)Halaman288 halaman (edisi pertama, sampul keras)Didahului olehPartners in Crime Diikuti olehGiant's Bread  Mr. Quin yang Mister...

 

Синелобый амазон

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

PSAP Sigli

PSAP SigliNama lengkapPersatuan Sepakbola Aceh PidieJulukanHarimau Sumatra Laskar Aneuk NangroeBerdiri1970; 54 tahun lalu (1970)StadionStadion Kuta AsanSigli, Kabupaten Pidie, Aceh(Kapasitas: 15.000)PemilikKota Sigli & Pemkab PidieManajer Muhammad YusufPelatih Jessy MustamuLigaLiga 3 Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Kostum ketiga PSAP Sigli adalah sebuah klub sepak bola Indonesia yang bermarkas di Sigli, Indonesia. Klub ini didirikan pada tahun 1970. Bermain di ISL. Klub ini memainkan p...

Hungarian irredentism

Political ideas to reunite Historic Hungary For other uses, see Greater Hungary. In green the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen (Transleithania), the Hungarian territories in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy consisting of the Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. Hungary also jointly governed the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina (blue) with Austria (Cisleithania). Hungarian irredentism or Greater Hungary (Hungarian: Nagy-Magyarország) are irredentist political ideas con...

 

Emmanuel Gigliotti

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber...

 

Pierre Brossolette

French Resistance hero, journalist and politician (1903–1944) This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (February 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Pierre BrossoletteBrossolette in 1943Born(1903-06-25)25 June 190316th arrondissement of Paris, French Third RepublicDied22 March 1944(1944-03-22) (aged 40)13th arrondissement of Paris, ...

Art of Persia (TV series)

2020 BBC documentary series Art of PersiaGenreDocumentaryDirected byRichard DownesPresented bySamira AhmedCountry of originUnited KingdomOriginal languageEnglishNo. of seasons1No. of episodes3ProductionExecutive producerMatthew SpringfordProducerRichard DownesProduction locationIranOriginal releaseNetworkBBC FourRelease15 June (2020-06-15) –29 June 2020 (2020-06-29) Art of Persia is a three-part 2020 BBC documentary series about the history and culture of Iran. The series is ...

 

Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles

Diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States Not to be confused with Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Diocese of Los AngelesDiócesis de Los ÁngelesLocationCountryUnited StatesTerritoryLos Angeles, Orange, Santa Barbara, and VenturaEcclesiastical provinceProvince VIIIStatisticsCongregations128 (2022)Members40,328 (2022)InformationDenominationThe Episcopal ChurchEstablishedDecember 3, 1895CathedralSt John's CathedralLanguageEnglish, Spanish, Cantonese, Japanese, Mandarin, Ta...

 

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

Antonio Priolo

Questa voce o sezione sugli argomenti patrioti italiani e politici italiani non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Antonio Priolo Deputato dell'Assemblea CostituenteGruppoparlamentarePartito Socialista Italiano CollegioXXVIII (Catanzaro) Incarichi parlamentari questore dell'Assemblea Costitu...

 

內閣總理大臣

  关于与「內閣總理大臣」標題相近或相同的条目页，請見「內閣總理大臣 (消歧義)」。 日本國內閣總理大臣內閣總理大臣紋章現任岸田文雄自2021年10月4日在任尊称總理、總理大臣、首相、阁下官邸總理大臣官邸提名者國會全體議員選出任命者天皇任期四年，無連任限制[註 1]設立法源日本國憲法先前职位太政大臣（太政官）首任伊藤博文设立1885年12月22日，...

 

Ebenezer Scrooge

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando altri significati, vedi Scrooge. Ebenezer ScroogeEbenezer Scrooge parla al fantasma di Marley UniversoCanto di Natale Lingua orig.Inglese AutoreCharles Dickens EditoreChapman and Hall 1ª app.1843 1ª app. inA Christmas Carol Caratteristiche immaginarieSessomaschio Luogo di nascitaRegno Unito ProfessioneBanchiere Scrooge e Bob Cratchit illustrati da John Leech nel 1843 Il frontespizio della prima edizione del Canto di Natale del 1843 Ebenezer...

1130 papal election

Election of Pope Innocent II Papal election 1130Dates and location14 February 1130monastery of S. Gregorio, RomeKey officialsDeanPietro SenexElected popeGregorio PapareschiName taken: Innocent II← 11241143 → The 1130 papal election (held February 14) was convoked after the death of Pope Honorius II and resulted in a double election. Part of the cardinals, led by Cardinal-Chancellor Aymeric de la Chatre, elected Gregorio Papareschi as Pope Innocent II, but the rest of them refuse...

 

希羅德·阿提庫斯劇場

希羅德·阿提庫斯劇場Ωδείο Ηρώδου του Αττικού or Ηρώδειο希羅德·阿提庫斯劇場今貌別名希律阿提庫斯劇場 / 希律阿提庫斯词源赫罗狄斯·阿提库斯概要類型劇場建築風格古典主義建築所屬國家／地區 希腊行政区雅典地址狄奧尼修阿雷奧帕吉圖街坐标37°58′15″N 23°43′28″E / 37.970756°N 23.724444°E / 37.970756; 23.724444竣工日西元161年翻新1950年托建...

 

Robbie Kay

Robbie KayKay di San Diego Comic-Con International 2015LahirRobbie Kay[1]13 September 1995 (umur 28)[1]Lymington, InggrisPekerjaanAktorTahun aktif2006 — sekarang Robbie Kay (lahir 13 September 1995) adalah aktor asal Inggris yang dikenal karena perannya dalam film Fugitive Pieces (2007) dan Pinocchio (2008). Filmografi Tahun Film Peran Catatan 2006 The Illusionist ? Scenes cut from final film 2007 Hannibal Rising Kolnas's Son Credited as Robert Kay My Boy Jack Art...

Tournoi d'ouverture du championnat du Panama de football 2018

Tournoi Apertura2018 Généralités Sport Football Organisateur(s) FEPAFUT Édition 23e Lieu(x) Panama Date du 27 juillet 2018 au 1er décembre 2018 Participants 10 équipes Matchs joués 95 Site web officiel Site officiel Hiérarchie Hiérarchie 1er échelon Niveau inférieur Liga Nacional de Ascenso Palmarès Tenant du titre CAI La Chorrera Vainqueur Tauro FC Deuxième Costa del Este FC Navigation Saison précédente Saison suivante modifier Le Tournoi Apertura 2018 est le vingt-trois...

 

Chulym language

Northeastern Turkic language ChulymОсь тили, тадар тилиPronunciation[øs tilɪ ~ ø:s tilɪ], [tadar tilɪ]Native toRussiaRegionTyukhtetsky District, Teguldetsky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Tomsk OblastEthnicity382 Chulyms (2020 census)[1]Native speakers38 (2020 census)[2]Language familyTurkic Common TurkicSiberian TurkicSouth SiberianChulymDialects Lower Chulym† Middle Chulym Upper Chulym Writing systemCyrillicLanguage codesISO 639-...