Peroj (Italian: Peroi; Montenegrin: Перој) is a village in the Town of Vodnjan-Dignano on the southwestern coast of Istria, Croatia.[3] Peroj originally dates back to the Copper Age of prehistory, as testified by a necropolis within the old walls of the village. The village has been settled by families from a variety of origins throughout its history. During the occupation of the Romans, the town was named Pedrolo, and was a popular holiday destination.
Etymology
The term "Peroj" is of debatable origin. One theory suggested by Bernardo Schiavuzzi claims that near modern-day Peroj a settlement known as Petroriolum (Petroro) existed ca. 1197. Camillo de Franceschi, however, suggested that Peroj derives from the archaic name "Pedroli". An alternate theory suggests that the Montenegrin settlers derived the term Peroj from the Albanian word for stream - përrua (definite "përroi").
History
In 1562 the town had been emptied due to malaria and the plague, and Leonardo Fioravanti from Bologna brought 124 families of farmers to the area from the Romagna region of present day Italy, some of which settled in Peroj. However the people from Pula-Pola felt their territories had been violated and began a series of persecutions which lead the families to leave the area.
In 1578 some Greek families were brought to the area, and between 1580 and 1583, 25 more Greek families from Nauplio had settled in Peroj, and 25 families from Cyprus had also settled. In 1585 the families from Nauplio renounced the lands given to them and left the area. The Cypriots remained, but gradually some left and some died due to the plagues affecting the region, and in 1644 the population of Peroj was reduced to three people only.
In 1657, the Doge of Venice, Bertuccio Valiero, decided to repopulate the town by bringing 15 families. Five of these families were of Orthodox Christians, originally from the Cernizza region in Montenegro that had escaped from the Turkish occupation. Based on evidence, it is generally assumed that these Montenegrin settlers carried the surnames Brcela, Draković, Brajić, Vučeta, and Ljubotina. The remaining ten were Roman Catholics, but of unknown origin and are thought to be either of Croatian origin from Albania Veneta or of Albanian origin. However, these Catholic families soon emigrated from Peroj. Following the Cretan War of 1645–1669, twenty other families originally from Montenegro migrated to Peroj, amounting to 25 in total by 1677.[4] These families remained in Peroj and until recently Serbo-Croatian was taught in the local schools due to their presence.
Demographics
According to the 2021 census, its population was 900.[2] It was 832 in 2011.[5]
Year
Population
1818
243
1852
288
1857
178
1869
219
1880
222
1890
267
1900
287
1910
305
1921
328
1931
392
1948
475
1953
484
1961
498
1971
409
1981
403
1991
477
2001
752
2011
832
2021
900
Religion
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2012)
Due to the overwhelming presence of Eastern Orthodox followers, the Orthodox church of Saint Spyridon (San Spiridione) was built in the 19th century following the conversion of the former Catholic church of Saint Jerome.[6]
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