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People's Socialist Party, Nepal

जनता समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल
People's Socialist Party, Nepal जनता समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल
Abbreviation	PSP-N
Chairperson	Upendra Yadav
Spokesperson	Manish Kumar Suman
Founded	22 April 2020; 4 years ago
Merger of	RJPN; SPN
Headquarters	Balkumari, Lalitpur
Student wing	Socialist Student Union, Nepal
Youth wing	Socialist Youth Union, Nepal
Women's wing	Socialist Women Union, Nepal
Ideology	Democratic socialism; Secularism
Political position	Centre-left to left-wing
Alliance	Nepali Congress+
ECN Status	National Party
Seats in Pratinidhi Sabha	5 / 275
Seats in Rastriya Sabha	3 / 59
Seats in Provincial Assemblies	20 / 550
Chief Ministers	0 / 7
Mayors/Chairs	25 / 753
Councillors	1,048 / 35,011
Election symbol
Party flag
	Politics of Nepal; Political parties; Elections;

The People's Socialist Party, Nepal (abbr. PSP-N; Nepali: जनता समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल), also known as Janata Samajbadi Party Nepal is the eighth largest political party in Nepal.^[2] Since the 2022 local election, the party has been limited to stand only as the third largest party of Madhesh Province after the Nepali Congress and CPN (UML) respectively.^[3]

Recently the party faced a major split when 7 of 12 MPs in the House of Representative (lower house) formed a new party, People's Socialist Party under the leadership of party's federal council chairman Ashok Rai. With 5 out of 275 seats in the lower house and 3 out of 59 seats in the upper house National Assembly, the party is the eighth largest political party in the Federal Parliament.

Ideology

The party advocates for identity based federalism and a more inclusive parliament. They also support a more decentralized government structure which guarantees more power to provincial and local governments. The party intends to implement the agreements of the Nepalese Civil War, Madheshi movement and various other movements.^[4]

History

Formation of PSP-N

The Rastriya Janata Party Nepal and Samajbadi Party, Nepal were in constant negotiations throughout 2019 with talks failing or being in limbo because of issues relating to power sharing and Samajbadi Party, Nepal not withdrawing support from the K.P. Oli led government.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

Samajbadi Party finally quit the government in late on 24 December 2019 after the Prime minister rejected the party's proposals on constitution amendments while demoting Yadav from the post of Health Minister.^[9] The failure to quit the government despite repeated calls before had put a deadlock on the negotiations between the two parties.^[10] Hopes of unification suffered a further blow when RJPN announced an electoral alliance with the ruling Nepal Communist Party for the 2020 National Assembly elections while the Samajbadi Party, Nepal announced electoral alliance with Nepali Congress.^[11] Negotiations for unification still continued through early 2020 with issues relating to power sharing and leadership still becoming a major sticking point for both parties rather than ideology.^[12]^[13]

As per trusted sources and national media's, Renu Yadav wanted to split the party with seven other MPs which included Bimal Prasad Shrivastav, Surendra Kumar Yadav, Mohammad Estiyak Rai, Pradeep Yadav, Umashankar Argariya, Kalu Devi Bishwakarma and Renuka Gurung. Though the plan went unsuccess do to last moment merger of Samajbadi Party, Nepal and Rastriya Janata Party Nepal to form People's Socialist Party, Nepal it was highly covered by national medias.^[14]^[15]

The deadlock finally broke on 23 April 2020 after this incident and the two parties finally reached an agreement for a merger just two days after the government issued an ordinance that amended the Political Party Act which made it possible for a party to split if supported by 40% of either the party's central committee or its parliamentarians,^[16]^[17] The new party, People's Socialist Party, Nepal was officially registered with the Election Commission on 9 July 2020.^[18]

It was formed by the merger of the two parties in Nepal, the Samajbadi Party, Nepal, led by Baburam Bhattarai and Upendra Yadav, and the Rastriya Janata Party Nepal, led by the presidium of Mahantha Thakur and five others.^[19]

Election year 2023

The party faces a major setback in the 2022 Nepalese local elections when it had to lose majority of places it contested. The party had to lose Hanumannagar Kankalini municipality and Balan Bihul rural municipality to newly formed Janamat Party led by CK Raut. Among these, son of provincial minister Nawal Kishor Sah Sudi lost as mayor in Hanumannagar Kankalini.^[20]

Party's leader and chief minister Lalbabu Raut lost his own home town, Jagarnathpur Rural Municipality to Nepali Congress. Even his wife Jalekha Khatun lost as deputy chairperson candidate. Similarly, the party lost its security deposits in various local levels of Madhesh Province and all over Nepal which it had contested for not attaining even 10% vote. Party's candidate for mayor in Janakpur, Lal Kishor Sah could attain only fifth position and lost to Nepali Congress leader Manoj Kumar Sah. As a result, Nepali Congress stood as single largest party in Madhesh Province.^[21] As a result, the party was limited to become only the third largest party of Madhesh province being able to win just 28 local levels in province compared to 45 which it had before elections.^[22] This was seen as an effect of split in party forming Loktantrik Samajwadi Party and the rise of Janamat Party, Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party in eastern terai while Janata Pragatisheel Party and Nagrik Unmukti Party in western terai of Nepal.^[3]

The party had to bear a huge loss all over Nepal. Party's Chairman Upendra Yadav lost his seat Saptari 2 to CK Raut of Janamat Party. Similarly the party was limited to 6 of 32 seats in Madhesh Province. The party was even limited to third position after Nepali Congress and CPN (UML) respectively in Madhesh Provincial Assembly winning just 16 of 107 seats.^[23]

Organization and structure

Central working committee

The party has 20 membered central working committee.^[24]

Central committee

The party has 400 membered central committee.^[24]

Leadership

Federal council chairmen

Baburam Bhattarai 2020–2022
Ashok Rai^[25] 2022–2024

Executive chairmen

Mahantha Thakur^[26] 2020–2021
Upendra Yadav ^[26] 2020–present

Chief ministers

Madhesh Province

No.	Chief Minister	Portrait	Term in office			Legislature	Cabinet	Constituency
No.	Chief Minister	Portrait	Start	End	Tenure	Legislature	Cabinet	Constituency
1^[a]	Lalbabu Raut		14 February 2018^[27]	13 January 2023	4 years, 333 days	1st Provincial Assembly	Raut, 2017	Parsa 1(B)
2	Saroj Kumar Yadav		13 January 2023^[28]	7 June 2024	1 year, 146 days	2nd Provincial Assembly	Yadav, 2023	Bara 1 (B)

Electoral performance

General election

Election	Leader	Party list votes		Seats	Position	Resulting government
Election	Leader	No.	%	Seats	Position	Resulting government
2022	Upendra Yadav	421,313	3.99	12 / 275	6th	Coalition government

Provincial election

Province	Election	Leader	Party list votes		Seats	Position	Resulting government
Province	Election	Leader	No.	%	Seats	Position	Resulting government
Province 1	2022	Upendra Yadav	61,723	3.25	1 / 93	6th	Coalition government
Madhesh			298,774	14.32	16 / 107	3rd	Coalition government
Lumbini			60,886	3.23	3 / 87	7th	Confidence & supply

Local election

Election	Leader(s)	Seats
Election	Leader(s)	Mayor/Chairman	Councillors
2022	Upendra Yadav	30 / 753	1,548 / 35,097

List of Members of Parliament

List of Rastriya Sabha members from People's Socialist Party

People's Socialist Party (3)
Province	Category	Member	Portfolio & Responsibilities / Remarks
Madhesh	Open	Mohammad Khalid Siddiqui
	Open	Mrigendra Kumar Singh Yadav
	Woman	Puja Chaudhary

List of Pratinidhi Sabha members from People's Socialist Party

People's Socialist Party (5)
Constituency/PR group	Member	Portfolio & Responsibilities / Remarks
Bara 2	Upendra Yadav	Parliamentary party leader
Dhanusha 1	Dipak Karki
Siraha 2	Raj Kishor Yadav
Khas Arya	Prakash Adhikari
Khas Arya	Rekha Yadav Thapa

Notes

^ Raut was appointed chief minister in 2018 while he was a member of FSFN

References

^ "मनिष सुमन बने जसपाको प्रवक्ता".
^ "Nepal PM Oli joins hands with Janata Samajwadi Party in bid to strengthen grip on power, boost ties with India". Free Press Journal.
^ ^a ^b "मधेशवादी दललाई मधेशमै धक्का- लोसपाको क्षयीकरण हुँदा जसपालाई अस्तित्व जोगाउनै हम्मे, बजेन सीके राउतको हर्न". Lokaantar (in Nepali). Retrieved 22 May 2022.
^ "जनता समाजवादी पार्टीको अन्तरिम विधान सन् २०२० – peopleSocialist.org". Retrieved 9 December 2020.
^ Republica. "RJPN, SPN in informal talks for merger". My Republica. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ Republica. "SPN, RJPN merger heading nowhere". My Republica. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "RJP-N, SP-N to hold unity talks after Dashain". The Himalayan Times. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ Yadav, Mithilesh. "Unification between Samajbadi Party and RJPN unlikely soon". My Republica. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "Samajbadi Party pulls out of government, Upendra Yadav resigns". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "Samajbadi Party may have quit government but it doesn't seem to have a way forward". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "Rastriya Janata Party, despite withdrawing support for government, joins in electoral alliance with ruling party". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "With no signal from the government, Janata Party reconsiders merger with Samajbadi Party". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "Janata Party and Samajbadi Party resume informal talks for merger but are stuck at leadership modality". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ Setopati, Sanjib Bagale. "Seven Socialist Party lawmakers announce split under Renu Yadav". Setopati. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
^ "रेणु यादवको नेतृत्वमा समाजवादी पार्टी फुट्दै, ८ सांसदको हस्ताक्षर तयार". रिपोर्टर्स नेपाल. 22 April 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
^ "Samajbadi Party and Rastriya Janata Party sign midnight deal to merge parties". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "RJP-N, SP-N unify, register new party at EC". The Himalayan Times. 24 April 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "Janata Samajbadi Party registered at Election Commission". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.
^ "Two key Madhesi parties in Nepal merge to form Janata Samajwadi Party". TheWeek English. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
^ "Janamat Party's Birendra Majhi elected Hanumannagar Kalankalini Municipality mayor". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
^ "मधेस प्रदेशका मुख्यमन्त्री राउतकी पत्नी गाउँपालिकाको उपाध्यक्षमा पराजित". Farakdhar || Nepal's Online Magazine. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
^ "स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन २०७९ | निर्वाचन विवरण तथा नतिजा". election.ekantipur.com. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
^ Republica. "CK Raut leading by twice as many votes as Upendra Yadav". My Republica. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
^ ^a ^b "जसपा पुनर्गठन : केन्द्रीय समिति ४६६, राजनीतिक समिति १५१ (सूचीसहित) – PSPN". Retrieved 26 April 2023.
^ "अशोक राई बने जसपाको संघीय परिषद् अध्यक्ष". Annapurna Post (in Nepali). Retrieved 2 April 2023.
^ ^a ^b "Yadav, Thakur to co-chair JSP-Nepal". The Himalayan Times. 8 June 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
^ "Lalbabu Raut to be sworn in Province 2 CM today". The Himalayan Times. 14 February 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
^ "JSP provincial assembly leader Saroj Kumar Yadav appointed Madhesh province chief minister". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 11 January 2023.

[FSFN-27] Raut was appointed chief minister in 2018 while he was a member of FSFN

[1] "मनिष सुमन बने जसपाको प्रवक्ता".

[2] "Nepal PM Oli joins hands with Janata Samajwadi Party in bid to strengthen grip on power, boost ties with India". Free Press Journal.

[lokaantar.com2-3] "मधेशवादी दललाई मधेशमै धक्का- लोसपाको क्षयीकरण हुँदा जसपालाई अस्तित्व जोगाउनै हम्मे, बजेन सीके राउतको हर्न". Lokaantar (in Nepali). Retrieved 22 May 2022.

[4] "जनता समाजवादी पार्टीको अन्तरिम विधान सन् २०२० – peopleSocialist.org". Retrieved 9 December 2020.

[5] Republica. "RJPN, SPN in informal talks for merger". My Republica. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[6] Republica. "SPN, RJPN merger heading nowhere". My Republica. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[7] "RJP-N, SP-N to hold unity talks after Dashain". The Himalayan Times. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[8] Yadav, Mithilesh. "Unification between Samajbadi Party and RJPN unlikely soon". My Republica. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[9] "Samajbadi Party pulls out of government, Upendra Yadav resigns". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[10] "Samajbadi Party may have quit government but it doesn't seem to have a way forward". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[11] "Rastriya Janata Party, despite withdrawing support for government, joins in electoral alliance with ruling party". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[12] "With no signal from the government, Janata Party reconsiders merger with Samajbadi Party". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[13] "Janata Party and Samajbadi Party resume informal talks for merger but are stuck at leadership modality". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[14] Setopati, Sanjib Bagale. "Seven Socialist Party lawmakers announce split under Renu Yadav". Setopati. Retrieved 22 January 2022.

[15] "रेणु यादवको नेतृत्वमा समाजवादी पार्टी फुट्दै, ८ सांसदको हस्ताक्षर तयार". रिपोर्टर्स नेपाल. 22 April 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2022.

[16] "Samajbadi Party and Rastriya Janata Party sign midnight deal to merge parties". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[17] "RJP-N, SP-N unify, register new party at EC". The Himalayan Times. 24 April 2020. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[18] "Janata Samajbadi Party registered at Election Commission". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 8 November 2020.

[:2-19] "Two key Madhesi parties in Nepal merge to form Janata Samajwadi Party". TheWeek English. Retrieved 23 May 2020.

[20] "Janamat Party's Birendra Majhi elected Hanumannagar Kalankalini Municipality mayor". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 22 May 2022.

[21] "मधेस प्रदेशका मुख्यमन्त्री राउतकी पत्नी गाउँपालिकाको उपाध्यक्षमा पराजित". Farakdhar || Nepal's Online Magazine. Retrieved 20 May 2022.

[22] "स्थानीय तह निर्वाचन २०७९ | निर्वाचन विवरण तथा नतिजा". election.ekantipur.com. Retrieved 22 May 2022.

[23] Republica. "CK Raut leading by twice as many votes as Upendra Yadav". My Republica. Retrieved 30 November 2022.

[:1-24] "जसपा पुनर्गठन : केन्द्रीय समिति ४६६, राजनीतिक समिति १५१ (सूचीसहित) – PSPN". Retrieved 26 April 2023.

[25] "अशोक राई बने जसपाको संघीय परिषद् अध्यक्ष". Annapurna Post (in Nepali). Retrieved 2 April 2023.

[:0-26] "Yadav, Thakur to co-chair JSP-Nepal". The Himalayan Times. 8 June 2020. Retrieved 30 October 2020.

[28] "Lalbabu Raut to be sworn in Province 2 CM today". The Himalayan Times. 14 February 2018. Archived from the original on 8 July 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2021.

[29] "JSP provincial assembly leader Saroj Kumar Yadav appointed Madhesh province chief minister". kathmandupost.com. Retrieved 11 January 2023.

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People's Socialist Party, Nepal (2020)