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Penicillium verruculosum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Eurotiomycetes
Order:	Eurotiales
Family:	Aspergillaceae
Genus:	Penicillium
Species:	P. verruculosum
Binomial name
	Penicillium verruculosum; Peyronel, B. 1913
Type strain
	ATCC 10513, CBS 388.38, CBS 388.48, DSM 2263, FRR 1050, IAM 13756, IFM 47728, IFO 9586, IMI 040039, JCM 22808, KCTC 6443, MUCL 38781, NBRC 9586, NRRL 1050, Thom 5179.3
Synonyms
	Talaromyces verruculosus,; Penicillium aculeatum var. apiculatum,; Penicillium mirabile

Penicillium velutinum is an anamorph species of fungus in the genus Penicillium which was isolated from soil in the United States.^[1]^[3]^[4]^[5] It produces verruculogen, verrucosidin, verruculotoxin, decalpenic acid, dehydroaltenusin, cyciooctasulfur, atrovenetinone, altenusin and penitrem A^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

Morozova, V. V.; Gusakov, A. V.; Andrianov, R. M.; Pravilnikov, A. G.; Osipov, D. O.; Sinitsyn, A. P. (2010). "Cellulases of Penicillium verruculosum". Biotechnology Journal. 5 (8): 871–80. doi:10.1002/biot.201000050. PMID 20540109.
Shah, S. G.; Shier, W. T.; Jamaluddin; Tahir, N; Hameed, A; Ahmad, S; Ali, N (2014). "Penicillium verruculosum SG: A source of polyketide and bioactive compounds with varying cytotoxic activities against normal and cancer lines". Archives of Microbiology. 196 (4): 267–78. doi:10.1007/s00203-013-0945-z. PMID 24563022.
Steffien, Doreen; Aubel, Ines; Bertau, Martin (2014). "Enzymatic hydrolysis of pre-treated lignocellulose with Penicillium verruculosum cellulases". Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic. 103: 29–35. doi:10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.11.004.
Szakács, György; Réczey, Kati; Hernádi, Pál; Dobozi, Mária (1981). "Penicillium verruculosum WA 30 a new source of cellulase". European Journal of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 11 (2): 120. doi:10.1007/BF00518054.
Steffien, D.; Katzberg, M.; Bertau, M. (2012). "Charakterisierung der Hydrolyse vorbehandelter Lignocellulose durch den Enzymkomplex aus Penicillium verruculosum". Chemie Ingenieur Technik. 84 (8): 1387. doi:10.1002/cite.201250313.
Dotsenko, Anna S.; Gusakov, Alexander V.; Volkov, Pavel V.; Rozhkova, Aleksandra M.; Sinitsyn, Arkady P. (2015). "N-linked glycosylation of recombinant cellobiohydrolase I (Cel7A) from Penicillium verruculosumand its effect on the enzyme activity". Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 113 (2): 283–291. doi:10.1002/bit.25812.
Morozova, Valeria V.; Gusakov, Alexander V.; Andrianov, Ruslan M.; Pravilnikov, Artyom G.; Osipov, Dmitry O.; Sinitsyn, Arkady P. (2010). "Cellulases of Penicillium verruculosum". Biotechnology Journal. 5 (8): 871. doi:10.1002/biot.201000050. PMID 20540109.
Wigney, D. I.; Allan, G. S.; Hay, L. E.; Hocking, A. D. (1990). "Osteomyelitis associated with Penicillium verruculosum in a German shepherd dog". Journal of Small Animal Practice. 31 (9): 449. doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00512.x.
Zorov, I. N.; Gusakov, A. V.; Baraznenok, V. A.; Bekkarevich, A. O.; Okunev, O. N.; Sinitsyn, A. P.; Kondrat'Eva, E. G. (2001). "Isolation and Properties of Cellobiase from Penicillium verruculosum". Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology. 37 (6): 587. doi:10.1023/A:1012351017032.
Mubarok, M. Zaki; Astuti, Widi; Chaerun, Siti Khodijah (2013). "Effects of Individual Use, Mixed Culture and Sulfur Addition on the Effectiveness of Nickel Laterite Ore Bioelaching with Penicillium verruculosum and Galactomyces geotrichum". Advanced Materials Research. 825: 380–383. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.825.380.
Miao, Fang; Qin, Bao-Fu; Yang, Li-Zhen; Yang, Xin-Juan; Zhou, Le (2010). "(E)-3-[2,5-Dioxo-3-(propan-2-ylidene)pyrrolidin-1-yl]acrylic acid". Acta Crystallographica Section E. 66 (3): o634. doi:10.1107/S1600536810005040. PMC 2983691. PMID 21580390.
Finian J. Leeper; John C. Vederas; R. Croteau (2000). Biosynthesis: Aromatic Polyketides, Isoprenoids, Alkaloids, volume 209. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 3-540-66573-0.
Anne F. Alex; Gerd U. Auffarth; Nikolaos Bechrakis; Matthias Becker; Wolfgang Behrens-Baumann; Gerald Böhme; Peter Charbel Issa; Claus Cursiefen; Thomas S. Dietlein; Oliver Ehrt; Karl-Heinz Emmerich; Nicole Eter; Christoph Friedburg; Dieter Friedburg; Jens Funk; Gerd Geerling; Winfried Göbel; Wolfgang Haigis; Christos Haritoglou; Gerhard Hasenfratz; Arnd Heiligenhaus; Martina C. Herwig; Christoph Hintschich; Hans Hoerauf; Leonard Holbach; Frank G. Holz; Ulrich Kellner; Volker Klauß; Thomas Kohnen; Hermann Krastel; Bernhard Lachenmayr; Wolf A. Lagrèze; Wolfgang E. Lieb; Karin U. Löffler; Friederike Mackensen; Hans-Werner Meyer-Rüsenberg; Norbert Pfeiffer; Uwe Pleyer; Agnes B. Renner; André Rosentreter; Ulrich Schiefer; Berthold Seitz; Heimo Steffen; Hagen Thieme; Stephan Thurau; Michael Ulbig; Helmut Wilhelm; Manfred Zierhut (2014). RÖMPP Lexikon Naturstoffe. Georg Thieme Verlag. ISBN 978-3-13-179541-0.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c MycoBank
^ Straininfo of Penicillium verruculosum
^ UniProt
^ ATCC
^ Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen [1]
^ Fayos, Jose; Lokensgard, David; Clardy, Jon; Cole, Richard J.; Kirksey, Jerry W. (1974). "Structure of verruculogen, a tremor producing peroxide from Penicillium verruculosum". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 96 (21): 6785–7. doi:10.1021/ja00828a054. PMID 4414411.
^ Committee on Damp Indoor Spaces and Health (2004). Damp Indoor Spaces and Health. National Academies Press. ISBN 0-309-13339-4.
^ Burkhard Fugmann; Susanne Lang-Fugmann; Wolfgang Steglich (2014). RÖMPP Encyclopedia Natural Products. Georg Thieme Verlag. ISBN 978-3-13-179311-9.
^ Sakamoto, Shuichi; Kojima, Fukiko; Igarashi, Masayuki; Sawa, Ryuichi; Umekita, Maya; Kubota, Yumiko; Nakae, Koichi; Yamaguchi, Shoichi; Adachi, Hayamitsu; Nishimura, Yoshio; Akamatsu, Yuzuru (2010). "Decalpenic acid, a novel small molecule from Penicillium verruculosum CR37010, induces early osteoblastic markers in pluripotent mesenchymal cells". The Journal of Antibiotics. 63 (12): 703–708. doi:10.1038/ja.2010.114. PMID 20940725.
^ Nakanishi, Satoshi; Toki, Shinichiro; Saitoh, Yutaka; Tsukuda, Eiji; Kawahara, Kiyotaka; Ando, Katsuhiko; Matsuda, Yuzuru (2014). "Isolation of Myosin Light Chain Kinase Inhibitors from Microorganisms: Dehydroaltenusin, Altenusin, Atrovenetinone, and Cyclooctasulfur". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 59 (7): 1333. doi:10.1271/bbb.59.1333.