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Orbital
Author	Samantha Harvey
Language	English
Genre	Literary fiction; Philosophical fiction; Science fiction
Set in	International Space Station
Publisher	Jonathan Cape (UK); Grove Atlantic (US)
Publication date	2 November 2023 (UK); 5 December 2023 (US)
Publication place	United Kingdom
Pages	144 pp
Awards	Booker Prize; Hawthornden Prize;
ISBN	978-1-7873-3434-2 ; (hardcover 1st UK ed.)
OCLC	1369677814
Dewey Decimal	823/.92
LC Class	PR6108.A7875 O73 2023

Orbital is a 2023 novel by English writer Samantha Harvey that incorporates elements of science fiction,^[3]^[4] literary fiction, and philosophical drama, published by Jonathan Cape in the UK and by Grove Atlantic in the US. It follows six fictional astronauts over 24 hours on an orbiting space station. In Harvey's own words, the novel is not science fiction.^[5]

The novel received mixed reviews. It won the 2024 Booker Prize^[6]^[7] and the Hawthornden Prize,^[8]^[9] and it was shortlisted for the Orwell Prize for Political Fiction^[10] and the Ursula K. Le Guin Prize for imaginative fiction.^[11]

Background

Harvey watched a continuous live stream of Earth from the International Space Station while writing the novel. She started work on the novel in the 2010s, but stopped writing after about 5,000 words, as she was experiencing feelings of inadequacy regarding her limited knowledge of the complex subject matter of space travel. Harvey told the BBC that she stopped writing as she thought, "Well, I have never been to space. I could never go to space ... Who am I to do this?" Harvey restarted writing and completed the novel in 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, when she stopped worrying about "trespassing in space".^[12]^[13]

In an interview, Harvey stated that her goal was to write the novel as a "space pastoral", focusing on realism and the beauty of space rather than the speculative nature of science fiction.^[5]

Plot

The novel, told over the course of 24 hours, follows six astronauts and cosmonauts from Japan, the United States, Britain, Italy, and Russia, four men and two women, aboard the International Space Station as they orbit Earth. In addition to detailing the official duties and tasks of the astronauts aboard the spacecraft, the novel also features their reflections about humanity and subjects including the existence or nature of God, the meaning of life, and existential threats such as climate change. Each chapter of the novel covers a single 90-minute orbit around Earth, with 16 orbits in the 24 hours.

Orbital draws upon the work and research of Carl Sagan and incorporates the use of the Cosmic Calendar, a concept developed by Sagan in his 1977 book The Dragons of Eden and on his 1980 television series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage.

Reception

Orbital received a mixed critical reception. Writing for The New York Times, Joshua Ferris said that the position of the astronauts high above the Earth, their relative isolation from the rest of humanity, gave their reflections, their "transporting riffs, those fine rhapsodies!" a new clarity, uncorrupted from biases, tribalism, and conflict as present on Earth. He also wrote that Orbital "contains the world but fails to reflect it. Harvey lavishes the planet with her considerable rhetorical gifts, but the recklessness and miseries we know at pavement level have been scrubbed from her observation deck."^[14]

In The Guardian, Alexandra Harris stated that the astronauts' introspection and meditation on humanity was the strength of the novel: "The beauty of the book is at work less in its explicit hymns of praise than deep in its rhythms and structures. And it's here that some of the most compelling thinking goes on – about the spectacular and the ordinary, distance and intimacy." At the same time, Harris acknowledged that, "There are moments in Orbital when wonder, like happiness, writes white. Thrilled reports of exquisite light effects start to fall a little flat."^[1]

Writing in the Los Angeles Times, Bethanne Patrick said that in featuring the six characters in such close proximity to one another, the work seeks to promote humans' mutual dependence. Patrick concluded: "Harvey manages to bring readers back down to Earth, astounded that they've traveled so far in such a short period of time, having finished their own orbit through the realms of her rich imagination."^[15]

Writing for The New Yorker, James Wood stated that the novel contained only a rudimentary plot, in his words: "It’s barely a novel because it barely tells a plotted set of human stories, and the stories it does tell barely interact with one another." Wood stated that Harvey's prose vividly portrayed the experience of being in space including the exhilaration of spacewalks, seeing entire continents under one's feet while hurtling through space at 16,000 miles per hour. He explained that using the English language to describe life in space would be difficult but Harvey was able to do so. Wood also commended Harvey for using the vastness of space, the Earth, and the astronauts' own lives to explore metaphysical concepts.^[16]

In the Polish literary journal Dwutygodnik, the popular Ukrainian journalist and television anchor Tetiana Mykytenko remarks that the novel – consciously or not – rather unthinkingly reproduces the Kremlin’s State propaganda in the Russian Federation, while the Russian armies are busy wiping out Ukrainian towns and cities from the face of the planet. The astronauts, looking from the orbit at the Earth, cannot distinguish between the countries in Eastern Europe but duly take note of Russia and many of its provincial cities (for instance, Samara and Togliatti. Curiously, the Japanese female astronaut glances at the Kurils and dubs the archipelago ‘no man’s land,’ though in Japan these islands are known as the Northern Territories under the Russian occupation. Apart from the two Russian astronauts on the space station’s board, the third one is featured on the wall picture, that is, Sergei Krikalev. In 2014, after the Russian annexation of Crimea, he became a plenipotentiary of the occupation governor of the peninsula’s main port city of Sevastopol. Two years after the commencement of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, in 2024, Krikalev was nominated to the post of the Russian president’s special representative for international cooperation in outer space. As in 2018, also in 2024, this meritorious former astronaut became Vladimir Putin’s public confidante regarding the presidential election. ‘This is what this year's Booker Prize is selling us: a fantasy of human rebirth. It sounds like a dark joke.’^[17]

Booker Prize

The novel won the 2024 Booker Prize for the best novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom or Ireland. Artist Edmund de Waal, chair of the judges, said that Harvey's writing transformed the Earth into "something for contemplation, something deeply resonant".^[12] With the win, Harvey became the first woman to win the Booker Prize since 2019, when the award was shared by Margaret Atwood and Bernardine Evaristo. The novel was the best selling book of the shortlisted works prior to winning the award.^[18] Harvey had previously been nominated for the Booker Prize with the longlisting of her 2009 debut novel The Wilderness.^[18] At 136 pages, Orbital was the second-shortest novel to be awarded the Booker Prize (with the shortest being Penelope Fitzgerald's 1979 winning work Offshore).^[18] With the 2024 win, the work became the first novel set in space to win the prestigious award.^[18] Sara Collins, who was on the judging panel for the award, stated that that the book transported her from the many crises on Earth and re-framed those crises, and humanity, in a new relief. Collins stated the judging panel unanimously chose the work for the award, while concluding: "This is a book we need now, but it may also be a book we'll need forever."^[19]

Awards

Year	Award	Category	Result	Ref.
2024	Booker Prize	—	Won	^[20]^[18]
	Hawthornden Prize	—	Won	^[8]^[9]
	The InWords Literary Award	—	Won	^[21]
	Orwell Prize	Political Fiction	Shortlisted	^[22]
	Ursula K. Le Guin Prize	—	Shortlisted	^[11]

Translations

French: Orbital: Une journée, seize aurores, lit. 'Orbital: One Day, Sixteen Dawns'. Translated by Claro. Paris: Flammarion. 27 March 2024. ISBN 9782080436832.
German: Umlaufbahnen, lit. 'Orbits'. Translated by Julia Wolf [de]. Munich: dtv. 14 November 2024. ISBN 9783423284233.