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Oidium
	Spores of the Oidium anamorph of Microsphaera penicillata
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Leotiomycetes
Order:	Erysiphales
Family:	Erysiphaceae
Genus:	Oidium; Link (1824)
Type species
	Oidium monilioides; (Nees) Link (1824)
Synonyms
	Oidium Link (1809); Acrosporium Nees (1816); Oideum Ehrenb. (1818); Oospora Wallr. (1833); Amphiblistrum Corda (1837); Oidium Sacc. (1880); Toruloidea Sumst. (1913); Euoidium Y.S.Paul & J.N.Kapoor (1986); Pseudoidium Y.S.Paul & J.N.Kapoor (1986);

Oidium is a genus of Deuteromycetes, where traditionally most anamorphs of the order Erysiphales are included. Most of them are plant pathogens causing different forms of powdery mildew, for example:

Oidium alphitoides (= O. quercinum) = Microsphaera alphitoides (on oaks)
Oidium anacardii (= Acrosporium anacardii) (on cashew)
Oidium arachidis (on peanut)
Oidium asteris-punicei (= Erysiphe cichoracearum) (on mangos)
Oidium balsamii = Erysiphe verbasci (on mulleins)
Oidium begoniae (=O.cyclaminis, O.lini, O.violae) = Erysiphe polyphaga (on Valerianella, Calluna and Erica)
Oidium candicans (= Monilia candicans)
Oidium caricae (on papayas)
Oidium caricae-papayae (on papayas)
Oidium caricicola (on papayas)
Oidium chrysanthemi = Erysiphe cichoracearum (on numerous plant species, especially Asteraceae)
Oidium carpini
Oidium chartarum (= Torula chartarum)
Oidium cyparissiae (= Acrosporium cyparissiae) (on cypress)
Oidium erysiphoides = Sphaerotheca fuliginea (on melons, watermelons and cucumbers)
Oidium euonymi-japonicae (on spindle-trees)
Oidium farinosum = Podosphaera leucotricha (on apples)
Oidium fructigenum = Monilia fructigena (on Rosaceae)
Oidium helichrysi (on strawflowers)
Oidium heveae (on rubber tree)
Oidium hortensiae = Microsphaera polonica (on bear's breeches and hydrangea)
Oidium indicum (on papayas and other tropical fruits)
Oidium lauracearum (on laurel)
Oidium lini ( = Euoidium lini)(on flax)
Oidium lycopersicum (on tomatoes)
Oidium mangiferae
Oidium manihotis
Oidium monilioides (=O.tritici)= Blumeria graminis (on cereals)
Oidium neolycopersici (on tomatoes)
Oidium oxalidis = Microsphaera russellii (on sorrels)
Oidium papayae (on papayas)
Oidium pullorum
Oidium sesami
Oidium tingitaninum
Oidium tuckeri = Uncinula necator (on grapes)

Oidium albicans has been a parallel name of the yeast Candida albicans (not related to the powdery mildew).

Some other species of medical importance previously classified as Oidium include:

Oidium cutaneum = Trichosporon cutaneum (cause of some human fungal diseases)
Oidium lactis (=Oidium pulmoneum) = Geotrichum candidum (in soil, water and air, also belongs to normal human flora)