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Numa Droz (27 January 1844 – 15 December 1899) was a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council (1875–1892). Born in La Chaux-de-Fonds, he was elected to cantonal government of Neuchâtel in 1871 and to the Swiss Council of States in 1872.

On 18 December 1875, he was elected to the Swiss Federal Council (becoming the youngest Federal Councillor ever at age 31^[1]) and handed over office on 31 December 1892. He was affiliated to the Free Democratic Party of Switzerland. He was elected President of Switzerland in 1881 and 1887. In 1887, he was considered as a potential civil governor of Crete^[2] but he declined.^[1]

During his office time he held the following departments:

Department of Home Affairs (1876–1878)
Department of Trade and Agriculture (1879–1880)
Political Department as President of the Confederation (1881)
Department of Trade and Agriculture (1882–1886)
Political Department as President of the Confederation (1887)
Department of Foreign Affairs (1888–1892)

Droz has been described as a "man of progress" and "one of Switzerland's major political figures".^[3] He was appointed by Swiss Government for presiding the ALAI conferences following of which the Berne Convention for the protection of literary and artistic works was concluded in 1886. "Numa Droz was an admirable choice for this role from the point of view of authors, as he had a strong interest in copyright matters, and had, in an article ... declared himself in favour of an international convention on literary and artistic property." He was to play a crucial role in the realization of the final convention. In 1898, he suggested a railway over the Bernina Pass which eventually was to be completed after his death.^[4]

He was a radical democrat who clashed with Bismarck over a police spying case, the Wohlgemuth Affair, in 1889. He died in Bern in 1899.

In La Chaux-de-Fonds a street (rue Numa-Droz, the longest in the town) and in Neuchâtel a square (place Numa-Droz) are named after him. A statue by Charles l'Eplattenier which was erected by the station is at present being renovated and will be placed on Rue Numa-Droz in the autumn of 2012.

Works

Numa Droz, Souvenirs d'un vieux montagnard. Histoire d'un proscrit de 1793. Nouvelle neuchâteloise, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Imprimerie du National suisse, 1869
Numa Droz, Instruction civique : manuel à l'usage des écoles primaires supérieures, des écoles secondaires, des écoles complémentaires et des jeunes citoyens, Lausanne, D. Lebet, 1884
Numa Droz, Études et portraits politiques, C. Eggimann (Genève), F. Alcan (Paris), 1895
Numa Droz, Le rachat des chemins de fer suisses, Bâle et Genève, Georg, 1898
Numa Droz, Essais économiques, Genève, C. Eggimann, 1906

References

^ ^a ^b "Biografie des ersten Schweizer Aussenministers: Bundesrat Numa Droz (1844–1899) wird mit einer Monographie gewürdigt" (PDF). Neue Zürcher Zeitung.
^ v. Suttner, Bertha (1897). "Zeitschau". Die Waffen Nieder!. 6 (8/9): 330–331. ISSN 2199-5486. JSTOR 23792164 – via JSTOR.
^ http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/t/a/t/Claire-Tatick-Fl/BOOK-0001/0002-0004.html ^{[user-generated source]}
^ "Berninabahn: 100 Jahre alt - aber jung geblieben". SWI swissinfo.ch (in German). Retrieved 2022-11-13.

Archive sources

The Numa Droz collection is conserved in the State Archives of Neuchâtel. It contains documents about his privacy and documents of different fields of research.

DROZ NUMA, Fonds: Numa Droz (1868-1899). Archives de l'État de Neuchâtel.

External links

Profile of Numa Droz with election results on the website of the Swiss Federal Council.
Numa Droz in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
Biography of Numa Droz on the website of the Swiss Parliament.

Political offices
Preceded by Gottlieb Ringier	President of the Council of States 1875	Succeeded by Johann Jakob Sulzer
Preceded by Paul Cérésole	Member of the Swiss Federal Council 1875–1892	Succeeded by Adrien Lachenal