North American NA-64 Yale

NA-64/NA-64 P-2/Yale
Restored North American NA-64 Yale at the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum in Hamilton, Ontario
Role Trainer
Manufacturer North American Aviation
First flight 12 February 1940[1]
Introduction 1940
Retired 1 October 1946 (RCAF)[1][2]
1949 (Armee de l'air)
Status Warbird
Primary users Royal Canadian Air Force
French Air Force
French Navy
Luftwaffe
Produced 1940
Number built 230
Developed from North American BT-14
Developed into North American Harvard

The North American NA-64 (NA-64 P-2 or NAA-64 P-2 in French service, Yale in Canadian service) is a low-wing single piston engine monoplane advanced trainer aircraft that was built for the French Air Force and French Navy, served with the Royal Canadian Air Force, and with the Luftwaffe as a captured aircraft during World War II.

Design and development

Ordered as a follow-on to the NA-57 as a two-seat advanced trainer, the NA-64 P-2/NAA-64 P-2 represented a major structural improvement, with a longer all-metal fuselage replacing the fabric covered fuselage of the NA-57. As well as metal skin replacing the fabric on the fuselage, the fin was changed from having a corrugated skin to being a smooth stressed skin structure and was moved slightly aft, lengthening the rear fuselage while the engine was moved forward to maintain the center of gravity. The rudder was also changed from the rounded shape used previously to one with a roughly triangular shape with the broadest part being at the bottom to improve handling at high angles of attack. In one respect however, it was a step backwards from its immediate predecessor, the BT-14, with which it is often confused, in that the earlier straight wings were used with the result that in RCAF service, when compared to the later and more powerful Harvard II it was flown alongside, it had different handling characteristics and lower performance.[3]

Operational history

France

French Air Force NAA-64 in service after World War 2, in French controlled Morocco with a replacement rudder.

The NA-64 P-2 was built for the French Armée de l'Air and Aéronavale in 1939–1940, which ordered 200 and 30 respectively. Of these, 111 had been delivered before France surrendered to the Germans after the Battle of France.[2] In France, the NA-64, like the NA-57 before it, was known as the North,[4] and was designated as NAA-64 P-2 (abbreviated from North American Aviation modèle 64 perfectionnement, 2 places (North American Aviation model 64 advanced trainer, 2 seats)[4]) but were sometimes attached to reconnaissance units. A small number escaped the Germans to be used by the Vichy French Air Force. Two examples in North Africa survived into the postwar years, having been operated alongside NA-57s, the last only being retired in 1949.

Canada

RCAF Yale shortly after being taken on strength as an intermediate trainer, at Camp Borden.

The remaining 119 undelivered aircraft were bought up by the British Purchasing Commission and transferred to the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) for the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan between August and September 1940,[2] and all were operational by November[5] The type was named the Yale Mk.I[note 1] following British naming practice of naming trainers after education institutions and US-supplied aircraft after American locations, in this case, Yale University, and were used initially as intermediate pilot trainers taking pilots from the de Havilland Tiger Moth and Fleet Finch to the much faster and more complex North American Harvard,[4] until this category was dispensed with as being unnecessary. They were then relegated for use as airborne wireless radio trainers, along with the contemporary Fleet Fort intermediate trainer in 1943.[6][7] Prior to service entry, the throttle and engine mixture controls were modified from the system used by the French whereby the throttle was pulled back to increase power, and the mixture control pulled back to lean out the mixture, to the system used on the Harvard.[5] The Yale appeared in the movie Captains of the Clouds. The RCAF sold all surviving examples off as scrap in 1946 but over 30 survive today as a result of a large number of them being bought surplus by a single farmer, with about 15 currently in airworthy condition.

Germany

The NAA-64s captured from the French were used by the German Luftwaffe for all types of flight training, from basic flying to advanced fighter tactics. Dive bomber schools and target tug units and even combat squadrons all used the NAA-64, as they were designated by the Luftwaffe, from the tail markings of the French examples. At least one was used by the Zirkus Rosarius to familiarize German aircrew with the handling of American aircraft before they evaluated captured aircraft.[5]

Operators

Yale 3416, which appeared in the movie, Captains of the Clouds
 Canada
The first North American NAA-64 P-2 NX13397 before delivery. Due to the fall of France, this aircraft was instead delivered to Canada as a Yale Mk.I, and still exists.
 France
 Vichy France
 Free France
North American NAA-64 in its shipping crate for delivery to France. Most of those that made it to France had not even been unpacked when the Germans overran northern France.
 Nazi Germany
 United Kingdom

Surviving aircraft

Ex-RCAF North American NA-64 Yale painted to represent a USAAC BT-14, in a diorama at the USAF Museum in Dayton, Ohio

There are many surviving NA-64 Yales today because of Ernie Simmons, a farmer from near Tillsonburg, Ontario. Simmons bought 39 Yales in 1946,[25] along with seven Fairey Swordfish and a Westland Lysander[26] and kept them on his farm until he died in 1970.[27][28] Most were auctioned the same year, and many have been restored by museums and warbird enthusiasts. Most surviving Yales are from the Simmons collection, but there are at least six surviving Yales that came from Western Canada. Three Yales have been subsequently lost, a major hangar fire took the Musée de l'air et de l'espace's NA-64 3415/64-2224, and 3454/64-2165 & 3395/64-2159[29] were destroyed as the result of flying accidents. Several Yales have been painted or partially modified as BT-14s. Additionally, over a dozen are privately owned in Canada, the US, and Europe or are not accessible, and additional airframes may be held by some museums as a source of spares.[citation needed]

RCAF
Serial		 NAA
Serial		 Museum or organization Location Status Notes
3464 64-2033 Privately owned Ft Worth, TX airworthy [30]
3349 64-2171 Imperial War Museum Duxford Duxford, England airworthy [31]
3350 64-2206 Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum Hamilton, Ontario airworthy [32]
3361 64-2183 Milestones of Flight Museum Lancaster, California airworthy – R-985 fitted [33]
3367 64-2175 Privately owned Sherwood Park, Alberta airworthy [34]
3372 64-2186 Privately owned Tillsonburg, Ontario airworthy
3381 64-2194 Commemorative Air Force Midland, Texas stored
3383 64-3037 Far North Queensland Aviation Museum Newcastle, New South Wales stored
3390 64-3033 Privately Owned Woodstock, Ontario restoration [35]
3396 64-2161 Musée aéronautique de Presqu'île côte d'Amour La Baule-Escoublac, France restoration [36]
3397 64-2150 Pima Air & Space Museum Tucson, Arizona on display [37]
3399 64-2160 Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association Tillsonburg, Ontario airworthy [38]
3400 64-2149 Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum Hamilton, Ontario airworthy [39]
3404 64-2157 Bomber Command Museum of Canada Nanton, Alberta restoration [40]
3406 64-2144 Eric Downing Maryland Heights, Missouri airworthy
3409 64-2158 Canadian Aviation Museum Windsor, Ontario stored, unrestored
3411 64-2167 National Air Force Museum of Canada Trenton, Ontario on display
3416 64-2169 No. 6 RCAF Dunville Museum Dunnville, Ontario on display [41]
3417 64-2168 National Museum of the United States Air Force Dayton, Ohio on display as 'BT-14' [42]
3430 64-2223 Royal Aviation Museum of Western Canada Winnipeg, Manitoba on display [43]
3445 Unknown Privately owned Norwood, Ontario restored
3450 64-2214 Musée aéronautique de Presqu'île côte d'Amour La Baule-Escoublac, France restoration [36]
3456 64-2221 Privately owned Whistler, British Columbia airworthy
3458 64-3024 Reynolds-Alberta Museum Wetaskiwin, Alberta stored [44][45]
3462 64-2190 Commonwealth Air Training Plan Museum Brandon, Manitoba stored, unrestored
3463 64-2207 Privately Owned Casa Grande, Arizona airworthy – R-985 fitted [46]

Specifications

3 view line drawing of North American NA-64 Yale trainer

Data from North American Aviation, Manuel de Pilotage de l'Avion NA-64 P-2 (Avion de Perfectionnement), 1940, pp.8–9

General characteristics

  • Crew: two (instructor and student)
  • Length: 28 ft 4 in (8.64 m) [47]
  • Wingspan: 40 ft 1.4 in (12.228 m)
  • Height: 8 ft 10.5 in (2.70 m) [47]
  • Wing area: 241.67 sq ft (22.42 m2)
  • Empty weight: 3,324 lb (1,057 kg) [47]
  • Gross weight: 4,500 lb (2,040 kg) [47]
  • Max takeoff weight: 4,291 lb (1,946 kg) normal weight per NAA
  • Fuel capacity: 104 gallons/394L including 16.5 US gallon/2.45L reserve tank
  • Oil capacity 9.5 US gallon/36L[48]
  • Powerplant: 1 × Wright R-975-E3 Whirlwind[47][49] radial engine, 420 hp (310 kW)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed Hamilton Standard 2D30 hub & 6101A-12 blades, 9 ft 0 in (2.74 m) diameter [50]

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 166 mph (267 km/h, 144 kn) sea level
  • Cruise speed: 146 mph (235 km/h, 127 kn) 64% power
  • Never exceed speed: 300 mph (483 km/h, 261 kn) [51]
  • Range: 730 mi (1,175 km, 630 nmi) cruising speed
  • Combat range: 475 mi (765 km, 413 nmi) maximum speed
  • Endurance: 5 hrs at cruising speed, 2 hours 48 minutes at maximum speed
  • Service ceiling: 17,500 ft (5,350 m) full load
  • Rate of climb: 1,120 ft/min (5.7 m/s)
  • Time to altitude: 11.36 min to 10,000 ft (3320 m)
  • Wing loading: 17.76 lb/sq ft (86.7 kg/m2)
  • Power/mass: 10.22lbs/hp

Armament

  • light bombs (French and German examples only)

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

Notes

  1. ^ As there was no Yale Mk.II, the Mk.I part of the designation was rarely used.
  1. ^ a b Smith, 2000, p.29
  2. ^ a b c Hagedorn, 1997, p.48
  3. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.37
  4. ^ a b c Fletcher, 1990, p.36
  5. ^ a b c d e Fletcher, 1990, p.38
  6. ^ a b c Fletcher, 1990, p.42
  7. ^ a b c d e Fletcher, 1990, p.45
  8. ^ a b Fletcher, 1990, p.40
  9. ^ a b c Fletcher, 1990, p.172
  10. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.170
  11. ^ a b Fletcher, 1990, p.171
  12. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.43
  13. ^ "EOM 82 Niger", www.traditions-air.fr (in French), retrieved September 30, 2017
  14. ^ Peter D Evans, "LEMB Stammkennzeichen Database", The LEMB Stammkennzeichen Database Project, archived from the original on 5 August 2014, retrieved March 31, 2014
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u ""stamm Dx+xx" The LEMB Stammkennzeichen Database Project". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  16. ^ a b ""stamm Nx+xx" The LEMB Stammkennzeichen Database Project". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  17. ^ a b c d e "stamm Rx+xx". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h i "stamm Vx+xx". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  19. ^ a b c "Cx+xx". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 1 May 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  20. ^ a b "stamm Kx+xx". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  21. ^ "stamm Hx+xx". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  22. ^ "stamm Px+xx". luftwaffe-experten.org. Archived from the original on 8 May 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  23. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p. 41
  24. ^ "Restoration of North American NA-64 Yale 3383". legendofaces.com. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  25. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.48
  26. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.49
  27. ^ Fletcher, 1990, p.51
  28. ^ "The Ernie Simmons Story." Archived 2013-09-06 at the Wayback Machine Spitfire Emporium. Retrieved: 24 December 2011.
  29. ^ "CAROL".
  30. ^ "N13397 (NORTH AMERICAN NA-64 owned by CYRIER MARK) Aircraft Registration ✈ FlightAware". FlightAware. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  31. ^ "Imperial War Museum Duxford - Museums". aeroflight.co.uk. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  32. ^ "Aircraft Details". Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  33. ^ "Milestones of Flight Air Museum - Lancaster - California - USA". www.aviationmuseum.eu. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  34. ^ "Harold A. Skaarup, author of Shelldrake". silverhawkauthor.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  35. ^ "Aerial Visuals - Airframe Dossier - North American T-6/AT-6/SNJ Texan / Harvard, s/n 3390 RCAF, c/n 64-3033". www.aerialvisuals.ca. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  36. ^ a b "Musee Aeronautique Presqu'ile Cote d'Amour - la Baule-Escoublac - France". www.aviationmuseum.eu. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  37. ^ "YALE". www.pimaair.org. Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  38. ^ "NA-64 Yale." Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association. Retrieved: 24 December 2011.
  39. ^ "North American Yale". Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum. Retrieved 24 March 2019.
  40. ^ Bomber Command Museum of Canada – North American NA-64 Yale Archived 2017-11-20 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved: 31 March 2014
  41. ^ Aircraft 3416 Photo access date: 2 April 2014
  42. ^ "Factsheets : North American BT-14 (NA-64)". 8 May 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-05-08. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  43. ^ Marcel. "Western Canada Aviation Museum – Winnipeg - Reportage avionslegendaires.net". avionslegendaires.net. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  44. ^ "Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame - Wetaskiwin, Alberta - Aviation Museums on Waymarking.com". www.waymarking.com. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  45. ^ "Aviation". Reynolds Museum. Government of Alberta. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  46. ^ "Aircraft Data N64FL, North American NA-64 C/N 64-2207". www.airport-data.com. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  47. ^ a b c d e Canadian Wings.com accessdate: March 2014
  48. ^ North American Aviation, 1940, p.29
  49. ^ North American Aviation, 1940, p.22
  50. ^ North American Aviation, 1940, p.28
  51. ^ North American Aviation, 1940, pp.17

Bibliography

  • Fletcher, David C; MacPhail, Doug (1990). Harvard! the North American Trainers in Canada. San Josef BC/Dundee ON: DCF Flying Books. ISBN 0-9693825-0-2.
  • Fletcher, David (1995). "North American Yale". Random Thoughts. 17 (2). International Plastic Modellers Society of Canada: 31.
  • Griffin, John A. (1969). Canadian Military Aircraft Serials & Photographs 1920 – 1968. Publication No. 69-2. Ottawa: Queen's Printer.
  • Hagedorn, Dan (1997). North American NA-16/AT-6/SNJ (WarbirdTech Volume 11). North Branch, MN: Speciality Press. ISBN 0-933424-76-0.
  • Kostenuk, S.; Griffin, J. (1977). RCAF Squadron Histories and Aircraft: 1924–1968. Toronto, ON: Samuel Stevens, Hakkert & Co. ISBN 978-0888665775.
  • Milberry, Larry; Halliday, Hugh A. (1990). The Royal Canadian Air Force at War, 1939–1945. Toronto, ON: CANAV Books. ISBN 978-0921022046.
  • North American Aviation (1940). Manuel de Pilotage de l'Avion NA-64 P-2 (Avion de Perfectionnement). Rapport No 1552. Inglewood, CA: North American Aviation.
  • Skaarup, Harold A. (2000). Canadian Warbird and War Prize Survivors, Updated Edition. Lincoln, NE: Writers Club Press. ISBN 978-0595122165.
  • Smith, Peter Charles (2000). North American T-6: SNJ, Harvard and Wirraway. Wiltshire, UK: Crowood Press. ISBN 1-86126-382-1.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to North American NA-64 Yale.

Read other articles:

Ghost Hunters (TV series)

American paranormal reality television series This article is about the American television series. For the British Discovery Channel series, see Ghosthunters (TV series). Ghost HuntersTitle card used in seasons 5 and 6 of Ghost Hunters, depicting Race Rock Light, which was investigated during season 1.GenreParanormalReality televisionDocumentaryStarringJason Hawes (2004–16; 2021–present) Grant Wilson (2004–12; 2019–2020)Steve Gonsalves (2004–16; 2021–present)Dave Tango (2005–16...

 

 

Daftar anggota Knesset kesebelas

120 anggota Knesset kesebelas terpilih pada 23 Juli 1984. Daftar anggota Anggota Jacques Amir Adiel Amorai Nava Arad Shoshana Arbeli-Almozlino Yitzhak Artzi Haim Bar-Lev Uzi Baram Dov Ben-Meir Abdulwahab Darawshe Simcha Dinitz Abba Eban Rafael Edri Elazar Granot Haika Grossman Mordechai Gur Menachem Hacohen Aharon Harel Michael Harish Shlomo Hillel Avraham Katz-Oz Yisrael Kessar David Libai Amnon Linn Aharon Nahmias Ora Namir Yitzhak Navon Aryeh Nehemkin Shimon Peres Yitzhak Peretz Yitzhak Ra...

 

 

Sungai Pasión

Sungai PasiónRío de la PasiónFeri yang membawa penumpang dan mobil menyeberang Sungai Pasión di Sayaxché (1994)LokasiNegaraGuatemalaCiri-ciri fisikHulu sungaiRío Santa Isabel o Cancuen - lokasiDepartemen Petén, Guatemala - koordinat15°59′25″N 89°58′53″W / 15.990152°N 89.981320°W / 15.990152; -89.981320 - elevasi200 m (660 ft) Muara sungaiSungai Usumacinta - lokasiEsperanza - koordinat16°28�...

Élections sénatoriales françaises de 1971

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une élection en France. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. 1968 1974 Élections sénatoriales françaises de 1971 26 septembre 1971 RI – Louis Courroy Sénateurs élus 59  5 SOC – Antoine Courrière Sénateurs élus 49  3 UCDP – Roger Poudonson Sénateurs élus 46  1 GD – Lucien Grand Sénateurs �...

 

 

Universitas Osaka

Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Universitas Osaka – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (Januari 2024) Universitas Osaka大阪大学Moto地域に生き世界に伸びる(Live Locally, Grow Globally)JenisUniversitas negeriDidir...

 

 

Rengas tembaga

Rengas tembaga Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Plantae (tanpa takson): Angiospermae (tanpa takson): Eudikotil (tanpa takson): Rosidae Ordo: Sapindales Famili: Anacardiaceae Genus: Gluta Spesies: G. renghas Nama binomial Gluta renghas Gluta renghas L. adalah spesies tanaman di dalam keluarga Anacardiaceae. Pohon ini bisa dijumpai di Indonesia. Pengidentifikasi takson Wikidata: Q4217270 Wikispecies: Gluta APDB: 202088 BOLD: 383947 EoL: 61092 GBIF: 3190573 GRIN: 5026 iNaturalist: 185470 IPNI:...

Muhammad Ridho

Muhammad Ridho Djazulie M. Ridho (kiri) dan Awan Setho bersama Indonesia pada tahun 2018Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Muhammad Ridho DjazulieTanggal lahir 21 Agustus 1992 (umur 31)Tempat lahir Pekalongan, IndonesiaTinggi 179 m (587 ft 3 in)Posisi bermain penjaga gawangInformasi klubKlub saat ini Bali UnitedNomor 88Karier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)2010–2015 Persip Pekalongan 50 (0)2012–2013 → Persekabpur Purworejo (loan) 15 (0)2015–2017 PS Bangka 28 (0)2017–20...

 

 

Herpont

HerpontcomuneHerpont – Veduta LocalizzazioneStato Francia RegioneGrand Est Dipartimento Marna ArrondissementSainte-Menehould CantoneArgonne Suippe et Vesle TerritorioCoordinate49°00′N 4°44′E / 49°N 4.733333°E49; 4.733333 (Herpont)Coordinate: 49°00′N 4°44′E / 49°N 4.733333°E49; 4.733333 (Herpont) Superficie23 km² Abitanti118[1] (2009) Densità5,13 ab./km² Altre informazioniCod. postale51460 Fuso orarioUTC+1 Codice I...

 

 

Tartaro (mitologia)

Il Tartaro «Tanto è profondo il Tartaro oscuro sotto la terra: se un'incudine di bronzo cadesse dal cielo, dopo nove notti e nove giorni, al decimo arriverebbe a terra - e così è profondo sotto la terra anche il Tartaro oscuro, che se un'incudine di bronzo cadesse dalla terra, dopo nove notti e nove giorni, al decimo arriverebbe al Tartaro» (Esiodo, Teogonia, vv. 721-25). Tartaro (in greco antico: Τάρταρος?, Tártaros) indica, nella Teogonia di Esiodo, il luogo inteso come la re...

Peppermint - L'angelo della vendetta

Peppermint - L'angelo della vendettaJennifer Garner in una scena del filmTitolo originalePeppermint Lingua originaleinglese Paese di produzioneStati Uniti d'America Anno2018 Durata102 minuti Genereazione, thriller RegiaPierre Morel SoggettoChad St. John SceneggiaturaChad St. John ProduttoreGary Lucchesi, Tom Rosenberg, Richard S. Wright Produttore esecutivoGary Lucchesi Casa di produzioneLakeshore Entertainment, Huayi Brothers, Tang Media Productions Distribuzione in italianoSTX Films, Lu...

 

 

Descendants of the Sun: The Philippine Adaptation

Untuk the original South Korean television series, lihat Descendants of the Sun. Descendants of the Sun: The Philippine AdaptationTitle cardGenre Drama Aksi BerdasarkanDescendants of the Sun (2016)oleh Lee Eung-bok dan Baek Sang-hoonDitulis oleh John Roque Glaiza Ramirez Brylle Tabora John Bedia Liberty Trinidad SutradaraDominic ZapataPengarah kreatifAloy AdlawanPemeran Dingdong Dantes Jennylyn Mercado Penggubah lagu temaGaemiNegara asalFilipinaBahasa asliTagalogJmlh. episode65 (daftar episod...

 

 

周處除三害 (電影)

周處除三害The Pig, The Snake and The Pigeon正式版海報基本资料导演黃精甫监制李烈黃江豐動作指導洪昰顥编剧黃精甫主演阮經天袁富華陳以文王淨李李仁謝瓊煖配乐盧律銘林孝親林思妤保卜摄影王金城剪辑黃精甫林雍益制片商一種態度電影股份有限公司片长134分鐘产地 臺灣语言國語粵語台語上映及发行上映日期 2023年10月6日 (2023-10-06)（台灣） 2023年11月2日 (2023-11-02)（香�...

Adolf Galland

Si ce bandeau n'est plus pertinent, retirez-le. Cliquez ici pour en savoir plus. Cet article ne s'appuie pas, ou pas assez, sur des sources secondaires ou tertiaires (novembre 2018). Pour améliorer la vérifiabilité de l'article ainsi que son intérêt encyclopédique, il est nécessaire, quand des sources primaires sont citées, de les associer à des analyses faites par des sources secondaires. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Galland. Adolf Galland Adolf Galland en septembre 1940. Surno...

 

 

Vought OS2U Kingfisher

Observation floatplane (in service 1938-59) OS2U Kingfisher Role Observation floatplaneType of aircraft Manufacturer Vought First flight 1938 Retired 1959 (Cuba) Primary users United States NavyRoyal NavyRoyal Australian Air ForceSoviet Navy Number built 1,519 OS2U with landing gear The Vought OS2U Kingfisher is an American catapult-launched observation floatplane. It was a compact mid-wing monoplane, with a large central float and small stabilizing floats. Performance was modest because...

 

 

New Democratic Party candidates in the 2015 Canadian federal election

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: New Democratic Party candidates in the 2015 Canadian federal election – news · newspapers · books · scholar ...

رابطة صناعة التسجيلات الأمريكية

  رابطة صناعة التسجيلات الأمريكية رابطة صناعة التسجيلات الأمريكية‌ الاختصار RIAA البلد الولايات المتحدة  المقر الرئيسي واشنطن العاصمة تاريخ التأسيس 1952؛ منذ 72 سنوات (1952) النوع الترخيص والملكيات, المعايير التقنية الوضع القانوني جمعية تطوعية  العضوية رابطة ال...

 

 

ARP4761

Aerospace recommended practice from SAE International Guidelines for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Aircraft, Systems, and EquipmentAbbreviationARP4761ALatest versionADecember 2023 (2023-12)OrganizationSAE InternationalDomainAviation SafetyWebsitewww.sae.org/standards/content/arp4761a/ ARP4761, Guidelines for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Aircraft, Systems, and Equipment is an Aerospace Recommended Practice from SAE International.[1] In...

 

 

Marriage age in the United States

Not to be confused with Ages of consent in the United States. Marriageable age accounting for exceptions   18  17  16  15  0 General age of marriage without parental or court approval or other exceptions taken into account   18  19  21 In the United States, the minimum age at which a person can marry in the United States as a right, or with parental consent or other authorization. This age is set by each state an...

Waterloo, Ontario

City in Ontario, Canada This article is about the city. For the county, region, or electoral districts, see Waterloo#Canada. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (June 2022) City in Ontario, CanadaWaterlooCity (lower-tier)City of WaterlooUptown WaterlooWaterloo City HallIon rapid transitThe Huether HotelPerimeter InstituteDavis Center (U...

 

 

John Gilmary Shea

American historian John Gilmary SheaBornJohn Dawson Gilmary Shea(1824-07-22)July 22, 1824New York, New YorkDiedFebruary 22, 1892(1892-02-22) (aged 67)Elizabeth, New JerseyEducationSt. John's CollegeOccupation(s)Writer, historianSpouse Sophie Savage ​(m. 1854)​Signature John Dawson Gilmary Shea (July 22, 1824 – February 22, 1892) was a writer, editor, and historian of American history in general and American Roman Catholic history specifically. He was also a...