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Nassariidae; Temporal range: Lower Cretaceous–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	A live individual of Nassarius fossatus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Buccinoidea
Family:	Nassariidae; Iredale, 1916 (1835)
Type genus
	Nassarius Dumenil, 1805;
Species
	See text
Synonyms
	Nassidae Swainson, 1835

The Nassariidae, Nassa mud snails (US), or dog whelks (UK) are a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Neogastropoda. These snails have rounded shells with a high spire, an oval aperture, and a siphonal notch. This family of snails is found worldwide.

These snails are found mostly in shallow water, on sandy or muddy substrates, often intertidally, but sometimes in deep water. They can be present in very large numbers in suitable habitat. Nassariidae are primarily active and lively scavengers.

Subtaxa

As of November 2024^[update], the World Register of Marine Species accepts the following 48 genera, arranged within 7 subfamilies.^[2]

Anentominae E. E. Strong, Galindo & Kantor, 2017

Anentome Cossmann, 1901
Clea H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855
Oligohalinophila Neiber & Glaubrecht, 2019

Bulliinae Allmon, 1990

Adinus H.Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Bullia J.E. Gray, 1833
Bulliopsis Conrad, 1862 †

Cylleninae Bellardi, 1882

Cyllene J.E. Gray, 1834
Neoteron Pilsbry & H. N. Lowe, 1932

Dorsaninae Cossmann, 1901

Akburunella V. P. Kolesnikov, 1935 †
Calophos Woodring, 1964 †
Cyllenina Bellardi, 1882 †
Dorsanum J.E. Gray, 1847
Keepingia C. P. Nuttall & J. Cooper, 1973 †
Lisbonia K. van W. Palmer, 1937 †
Pseudocominella C. P. Nuttall & J. Cooper, 1973 †
Thanetinassa C. P. Nuttall & J. Cooper, 1973 †
Whitecliffia C. P. Nuttall & J. Cooper, 1973 †

Nassariinae Iredale, 1916 (1835)

The operculum is ovate, acute and with an apical nucleus; the margin is entire or serrated. The eyes in some of the genera are near the base of the tentacles, in others near their middle, and are sometimes wanting. The aperture of the shell is either truncate, or with a short recurved siphonal canal, and the inner lip is usually callous and spreading over the body whorl.^[3]

Buccitriton Conrad, 1865 †
Caesia H.Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Demoulia Gray, 1838
Ilyanassa W. Stimpson, 1865
Nassarius Duméril, 1805
Nassodonta H.Adams, 1867
Naytia H.Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Phrontis H.Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Psilarius Woodring, 1964 †
Reticunassa Iredale, 1936
Tritia Risso, 1826
Yemeninassoides Bonfitto, 2024

Photinae J.E. Gray, 1857

Antillophos Woodring, 1928
Coraeophos Makiyama, 1936 †
Cymatophos Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941 †
Engoniophos Woodring, 1928
Europhos Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & C. M. Silva, 2013 †
Glyptophos Landau, C. M. Silva & Heitz, 2016 †
Judaphos P. Jung, 1995 †
Metaphos Olsson, 1964
Microphos Dekkers & H. Dekker, 2020
Northia Gray, 1847
Philindophos Shuto, 1969 †
Phos Montfort, 1810
Rhipophos Woodring, 1964 †
Strombinophos Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941
Tritiaria Conrad, 1865 †

Tomliniinae Kantor, Fedosov, Kosyan, Puillandre, Sorokin, Kano, R. Clark & Bouchet, 2021

Nassaria Link, 1807
Pseudanachis Thiele, 1924
Tomlinia Peile, 1937
Trajana J.A. Gardner, 1948

Taxonomic history

The family Nassariidae is closely related to the family of the true whelks, Buccinidae, because of their shared characteristics in the anatomy of the species in these families,^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]), i.e. a long proboscis, the loss of glandular dorsal folds, and a smaller gland of Leiblein (a dorsal venom gland in the mid-oesophagus).

According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Nassariidae consisted of four subfamilies:

Nassariinae Iredale, 1916 (1835) - synonyms: Nassinae Swainson, 1835 (inv.); Cyclopsidae Chenu, 1859 (inv.); Cyclonassinae Gill, 1871; Alectrionidae Dall, 1908; Arculariidae Iredale, 1915
Bullinae Allmon, 1990 (not recognized by Haitao LI et al., 2010 ^[8])
Cylleninae L. Bellardi, 1882
Dorsaninae Cossmann, 1901 - synonym: Duplicatinae Muskhelishvili, 1967

In 2006, Photinae Gray, 1857 was recognized.

In 2017, Strong, Galindo & Kantor, 2017 recognized Anentominae as a new subfamily.^[9]

Kantor et al. (2022) used molecular data to revise the classification of the Buccinoidea superfamily, proposing 20 taxa of family rank and 23 subfamilies.^[10] This included the description of a new subfamily of Nassariidae, Tomliniinae.^[10]