Miami (Western Apache: Goshtłʼish Tú[3]) is a town in Gila County, Arizona, United States. Miami is a classic Western copper boom-town. Miami's old downtown has been partly renovated, and the Bullion Plaza Museum features the cultural, mining and ranching history of the Miami area.
According to the 2010 Census, the population of the town was 1,837.[4]
Geography
Miami is located at 33°23.8'N 110°52.3'W (33.396, -110.872).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of .9 square miles (2.3 km2), all land.
As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 1,936 people, 754 households, and 493 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,008.0 inhabitants per square mile (775.3/km2). There were 930 housing units at an average density of 964.6 per square mile (372.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 74.7% White, 1.0% Black or African American, 1.5% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 20.4% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. 54.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 754 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.7% were married couples living together, 16.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.21.
In the town, the age distribution of the population was 29.7% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.6 males.
Copper mining accounts for the largest number of jobs in Miami. According to the 2002 annual report of the Arizona State Mine Inspector, Freeport-McMoRan employed nearly 600 at its Miami operations, including 330 at the smelter and 187 at the mine.
The median income for a household in the town was $27,196, and the median income for a family was $30,625. Males had a median income of $28,250 versus $18,026 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,674. About 20.5% of families and 23.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.7% of those under age 18 and 19.7% of those age 65 or over.
Mining
The Miami mine is owned and operated by Freeport-McMoRan. Mining began in 1911 as the Inspiration mine, and the nation's first froth flotation copper concentrator to process sulfide minerals was built and began production in 1915. Inspiration was among the first to employ vat leaching in 1926 and precipitation plants to recover oxide minerals. Copper was mined underground until after World War II, when the first open-pit mining began. The plant's smelter was modernized in 1974 to meet Clean Air Act standards and further modernized and expanded in 1992. The success of a solvent extraction and electrowinning plant commissioned in 1979 ended vat leaching by the mid-1980s, and the concentrator closed in 1986 as well. The copper rod mill was commissioned in 1966.[7]
Copper mining was suspended in September 2015. Leaching/SX-EW operations will continue but are expected to decline over time. The Miami smelter and rod plant continue to operate. In 2016, copper production at Miami amounted to 25 million pounds of copper. In 2017, copper production was 19 million pounds, and more than 740 people were employed there.[7]
Felix L. Sparks – American military commander who led the first Allied force to enter Dachau concentration camp and liberate its prisoners, chronicled in the Netflix series The Liberator
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