As minor planet discoveries are confirmed, they are given a permanent number by the IAU's Minor Planet Center (MPC), and the discoverers can then submit names for them, following the IAU's naming conventions. The list below concerns those minor planets in the specified number-range that have received names, and explains the meanings of those names.
Based on Paul Herget's The Names of the Minor Planets,[6] Schmadel also researched the unclear origin of numerous asteroids, most of which had been named prior to World War II. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: SBDB New namings may only be added to this list below after official publication as the preannouncement of names is condemned.[7] The WGSBN publishes a comprehensive guideline for the naming rules of non-cometary small Solar System bodies.[8]
Henning Haack (born 1961), Danish curator of meteorites at the Geologisk Museum (Geological Museum) of the København Universitet (University of Copenhagen)
Luigi Folco (born 1965), Italian curator of meteorites at the National Museum of Antarctica ("Felice Ippolito") of the Universities of Genova, Siena and Trieste
Tim Trachet (born 1958), Belgian journalist and science writer. He is honorary chairman and general secretary of the Belgian skeptical organization, SKEPP, and the vice-chairman of the European Council of Skeptical Organisations, which he co-founded in 1994.
Gabriela Silang (1731–1763) was a leader of the Filipino fight for independence from Spain. A statue honoring her in Manila depicts her on a rearing horse, brandishing a bolo knife.
Octavia E. Butler (1947–2006) was an African American author. Her work won multiple Hugo and Nebula awards and is praised for its incisive social criticism.
Fabio Pagan (born 1946) is an Italian science journalist who covers space travel, astrobiology and physics. He has written for Trieste's Il Piccolo newspaper and he was a radio presenter on RAI, Italy's public national broadcaster. He was also press officer at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste
Al-Farabi (c. 872–951) spent much of his life in Baghdad as a prominent philosopher, scientist and music scholar. He revived and internationalized the Aristotelian tradition, translated the philosopher's works from Greek to Arabic, and preserved and expanded upon them in his own writings
Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1135-c. 1213) was a Persian mathematician and astronomer who invented the linear astrolabe and developed new algebraic methods for solving certain types of cubic equations with positive solutions
Al-ʻIjliyyah a 10th-century astrolabe maker working in the court of Sayf Al-Dawla, who was the emir of Aleppo from 945 to 967. Her father was also an astrolabe maker, and both were apprentices of Nastulus
John Michell (1724–1793), an English clergyman and member of the Royal Society who studied geology, astronomy and gravity. He showed that gravity might explain double stars and star clusters, and he was the first to suggest the existence of black holes.
Fred Schaaf (born 1954) has spent a lifetime interpreting the night sky for the public. His monthly columns for Sky & Telescope magazine, begun in 1993, have introduced countless readers to the simple joy of locating a planet, bright star or constellation. He has also authored more than a dozen books on popular astronomy
Baghdad was founded near one of the foremost cities of old Mesopotamia by the Arab Abbasid dynasty in the eighth century. Its beauty has inspired many poets and musicians, and it is still well known from stories such as Thousand and One Nights.
From the Latin ludibundus, meaning "merry or joyful", Ludibunda is a frolicsome, playful woman, on the same pilgrimage as 6620 Peregrina, but of strongly contrasting temper.
Mary Fields (c. 1832–1914) was an African-American folk hero and trailblazer. She was a mail carrier in Montana in her 60s, braving harsh weather but never missing a day. Loved by her community, her birthday was a local holiday. She refused to be limited by social norms or laws.
Moritz Ludwig George Wichmann (1821–1859) was an ardent observer of minor planets. A student of Bessel, he observed with the famous Königsberg heliometer. In 1853 he published a determination of the parallax of Groombridge 1830. The name was suggested by L. D. Schmadel
Yousyozan is a 400-meter high mountain to the south of the Okayama station of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Site testing for the observatory was conducted for about a year on this mountain, resulting in the observatory's construction. It was opened in 1960
Oleg Matveevich Nefedov (born 1931), vice president of the Russian Academy of Sciences and chairman of the National Committee of Russian chemists. An outstanding scientist in the field of physical, synthetic and technical organic chemistry, he is best known for his fundamental research on highly reactive intermediates and small cycles. Name proposed by the discoverer following a suggestion by the Institute of Applied Astronomy
Ladislaus Weinek (1848–1913), a Czech astronomer and the ninth director of the Klementinum observatory in Prague, collaborated with Küstner in the discovery of polar motion. He published a lunar atlas based on photographs from the Lick Observatory. The name was suggested by J. Ticha and M. Šolc.
Franciscus Zeno (1734–1781), Czech astronomer, palaeontologist and professor of mathematics at Prague University, was the second director of the Klementinum observatory in Prague. The name was suggested by J. Ticha and M. Šolc.
E. Talmadge Mentall (born 1927), American astronomical atlas illustrator, who retired from a drafting career to join Sky Publishing Corporation in 1994. With his artistic skill and lifelong enthusiasm for astronomy, "Tal" soon played a pivotal role in the Millennium Star Atlas (1997), a joint undertaking with the European Space Agency's Hipparcos project. He meticulously drafted all the outlines of nebulae and measured the orientations of 2000 galaxies not available from the literature. Name proposed by R. W. Sinnott, endorsed by B. G. Marsden and the discoverer.
Matthias Claudius (1740–1815), German poet and writer. He was an editor of the journal Messenger of Wandsbeck and is well known for his evening song Der Mond ist aufgegangen ( "The moon has risen").
Kazuaki Iwasaki (born 1935), amateur astronomer and world-renowned space artist. His work has been frequently exhibited and he has published many books on the subject of space art. In July 1998 he opened his own space art gallery in Ito City, Shizuoka Prefecture. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by T. Sato and A. Fujii
Katsue Misawa (1885–1937). Although he received only a limited education, through his own efforts he became a junior-high-school geography teacher. His unique teaching practices are highly appreciated in the history of Japanese education. In astronomy, he was the real pioneer of sunspot observation in Japan, systematically observing sunspots from 1921 until 1934, when failing eyesight prevented it. His data were invaluable because in those days foreign data arrived in Japan only after a long delay. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by K. Gomi, T. Sato, K. Fujimori and A. Fujii
Longtom, the nine-pound cannon in Treasure Island, is the nickname of the Nikon 10-cm refractor used regularly by Hoei Nojiri (1885–1977), who ordered the telescope and translated Stevenson's novel into Japanese in 1928. The telescope was at one time also used by Tokyo astronomer Koichiro Tomita
Shin Kasahara (born 1953), doctor of dentistry and senior lecturer at Tohoku University. An amateur astronomer, he has been enthusiastically engaged in positional observation and orbit calculation of minor planets and comets since 1973. He also played an important role in designing and constructing the biggest portable telescope in Japan, the 84-cm Chiro Memorial Telescope, which went on a national tour to allow the observation of comet 1P/Halley. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by M. Koishikawa and A. Fujii
Satoru Ikeuchi (born 1944) works mainly on the evolution of the interstellar medium and the formation of large-scale structure of the universe. He is a member of the Science Council of Japan and served as the Japanese national representative to the IAU since 1997
Yoko Hasuo (born 1952), the wife of Japanese amateur astronomer Ryuichi Hasuo, was cotranslator of the International Halley Watch manual into Japanese. She has been supportive of her husband's activity as a member of the Comet Conference and Cometary Summer School in Japan (also see 6887 Hasuo)
Yoji Osaki (born 1938) works mainly in stellar physics and served as president of the Japan Astronomical Society during 1999–2000. In 1974 he proposed the disk-instability model for outbursts of dwarf novae, a model that is now widely accepted
Lin Zexu (1785–1850), Chinese scholar and official during the Qing dynasty, known for his campaign against drug abuse and drug-related crimes, as well as for his achievements in water conservancy.
Andrew McKellar (1910–1960), who, in 1941, measured the temperature of interstellar space as about 2.7 Kelvin, based on the rotational spectrum of the cyanogen molecule. This radiation temperature arises from the cosmic primeval fireball and is one of the most fundamental and revealing cosmic parameters
Zhang Maolin (1991–2019) was a young Chinese astronomer. After completing an engineering degree at Tsinghua University, he entered the PhD program in astronomy at Leiden University. He studied radio galaxies with the LOFAR radio telescope, but died prematurely in a house fire before he could complete his degree.
Daniel R. Sidwell (born 1932), the facility operations manager of the Table Mountain Facility, upon his retirement after 42 years of dedicated service to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Sidwell worked with the "wind tunnel" group at JPL's Pasadena facility before moving to Table Mountain in 1976, where he has been a source of dedicated and sustained help beyond the call of duty. Name suggested and citation prepared by J. W. Young
Argentinian-born pianist and conductor Daniel Barenboim (born 1942) has been central to bringing classical music to a wide audience. The name was suggested by W. A. Fröger
Pulat Babadzhanov (born 1930), astronomer and director of the Institute of Astrophysics, Tajik Academy of Sciences, in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. He is an expert in the study of meteors (photography, physics and dynamics), meteoroid streams (evolution), and meteor showers (relation to comets and minor planets).
Linda McCartney (1941–1998), wife of Beatle Paul McCartney, member of the musical group Wings, photographer, and author of vegetarian cookbooks. McCartney's strength of purpose as a friend of the environment, of animals, and of all humanity, together with her devotion to her family, provided a shining example to others. Name proposed by the discoverer following a suggestion by J. Dunne, who prepared the citation
Ron Livesey (born 1929), a Scottish amateur astronomer. He has had a major influence on amateur astronomy, particularly in his native Scotland, and been a key figure in organizing astronomical societies and observational programs, particularly of aurorae.‡
Multatuli, pseudonym of Dutch writer Eduard Douwes Dekker (1820–1887). In 1838 he went to the Dutch East Indies, where he held a number of governmental posts. In 1856 he resigned as assistant commissioner of Lebak, Java, because he was not supported by the government in his struggle to protect the Javanese from exploitation by their own chiefs. Back in Europe, he soon became internationally known with his novel Max Havelaar (1860), which enabled him to plead for justice in Java and to satirize the Dutch middle-class mentality. Name proposed by the discoverer, endorsed by C.-~F. Merks and J. Meeus.
Jack Sepkoski (1948–1999), an American palaeontologist whose far-reaching work made a major contribution to quantifying the nature of life's diversity through time. The compilation of a huge database, begun while he was at the University of Rochester and continued at the University of Chicago, enabled researchers to combine mathematical modeling and paleoecology with massive data arrays. Together with his colleague David Raup, Sepkoski developed the theory that catastrophic extinction events have a 26-million-year periodicity.
Jane Goodall (born 1934) is an English primatologist, ethologist, anthropologist and UN Messenger of Peace. She has dedicated her life to the study of chimpanzees and fighting to save their habitat. Founder of the Jane Goodall Institute in 1977, she has received many honours for her environmental and humanitarian work.
Kuniji Saito (born 1913), who joined the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory in 1936 and was engaged mainly in research on the solar corona. Following his retirement in 1974, he has collected historical materials from Japan, China and other countries to analyze them from the viewpoint of modern astronomy, using computers. He named this field of research "paleoastronomy" and hopes that many other researchers will enter into this kind of research. He also served as president of the Astronomical Society of Japan. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by A. Fujii and A. Tanno
Melvyn Douglas Taylor (1947–2017), a British amateur astronomer, promotor of amateur astronomy and mentor to many beginners. His legacy includes a large catalog of visual observations of variable stars, meteors and comets.
Hiroyuki Tomioka (born 1942), director of weather information in Hitachi City. An amateur astronomer, he is a charter member of the Nippon Meteor Society and has observed meteors for more than 40 years, both visually and photographically. In addition to his observations from Japan, he often visits the Chiro Observatory Southern Station in Australia to observe southern meteor showers. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by A. Fujii and T. Sato
Syuzo Isobe (born 1942), of the National Astronomical Observatory, has been instrumental in establishing the Bisei Spaceguard Center, an observatory designed for the observation of near-earth objects and earth-orbiting space debris. He is also president of the Japan Spaceguard Association
Koichi Yoshii (born 1914), retired postmaster and amateur astronomer. He was a pioneer in meteor photography in Japan. In the 1930s, when the sensitivity of photographic emulsion was still very low, he succeeded in photographing 86 meteors with his homemade camera. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by A. Fujii, Y. Yabu and T. Sato
Kuniko Fujita (1923–1992), née Sofue, amateur astronomer and poet. She became interested in astronomy at an early age and made an important discovery---a nova, later named CP Pup---when she was a 19-year-old schoolgirl; she was awarded a prize from the Japan Astronomical Society as the first discoverer. She became a member of the Kawasaki Astronomical Club in 1972, and she visited Australia and New Zealand in 1986 to observe comet 1P/Halley. She joined expeditions to the Okinawa annular eclipse in 1986 and to the total eclipse in Mexico in 1991. A talented poet and calligrapher, she published a book of poetry, Hoshinagisa. Named by the discoverer following suggestions by S. Morikubo and T. Minowa
Hitoshi Yamaoka (born 1965), astrophysicist at Kyushu University who specializes in the study of supernovae and novae. He promotes a supernova search project at public observatories in Japan
Susan Rose (born 1952), of East Meadow, New York, is a tireless promoter of astronomy for families and neophytes. For 20 years she has served as the president of the Amateur Observers' Society of New York. In 2002 she received the Walter Scott Houston Award of the Northeast Region of the Astronomical League
Daniel Craig Boice (born 1953), American astronomer and expert in cometary science. He was a member of NASA's Deep Space 1 Mission to comet 19P/Borrelly, codiscoverer of a radio flare on Menkar and recipient of the P. Gott Award. He is strongly committed to international scientific collaboration.
Sandro Baroni (born 1939), an Italian amateur astronomer. He is an observer of variable stars, comets, and occultations, as well as a member of AAVSO (Src)
Hiroe Kurimoto (born 1961), a Japanese broadcaster with KOFU-FM, whose radio name is Kuritariku, is an active participant in the Star Week program sponsored by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Kunihiko Kigoshi (1919–2014) was a cosmo-geochemist and emeritus professor at Gakushuin University. One of his pioneering works was the development of the radiocarbon dating method, both theoretically and technically.
Vitalij Nikitich Ishkov is a Russian astrophysicist at the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation in Moscow, who works in the fields of solar physics, solar activity and solar-terrestrial relations.
Jan Skácel (1922–1989), Czech poet of South Moravian origin, was one of the most beloved Czech poets of the last century. He wrote about human life, love, morals, dreams and nature in poems or just quatrains, as Hope with Wings of Beech shows. Skácel was awarded the German international literary Petrarca-Preis in 1989.
Phil Nicholson (born 1951), a professor of astronomy at Cornell University, an Australian by birth. Nicholson's research centers on the orbital dynamics of planetary ring systems and natural satellites, and infrared observational studies of planets, their satellites and rings. He has also investigated the dynamics of a planetary system around the pulsar PSR B1257+12 and has studied the zodiacal dust bands. Nicholson is co-discoverer of two irregular satellites of Uranus (XVII) and the trans-Neptunian object (385191). He is currently editor of the journal Icarus, which is devoted to planetary science.
Vagit Yusupovich Alikperov (born 1950) is known for his development of economical foundations and organizational principles for oil companies. His ideas were used by Lukoil, one of the largest international oil companies. He is also an active sponsor of science and culture in Russia.
Wesley T. Huntress Jr. (born 1942), an American planetary cosmochemist and director of NASA space science programs during the 1990s. Gaining international recognition for pioneering studies of chemical evolution in interstellar clouds, comets and planetary atmospheres, Huntress was instrumental in developing the astrochemical research group at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. During his six years as NASA Associate Administrator for Space Science, the rate at which science missions were launched increased dramatically, along with the public awareness of space science. The naming honors Huntress on his departure from NASA after an illustrious 29-year career with the agency. Name proposed by the discoverer following a suggestion by M. S. Allen, who prepared the citation.
Karel Kryl (1944–1994), Czech singer and songwriter, from 1969 a resident of Germany working at Radio Free Europe. His songs were appreciated as a symbol of freedom by many people in the former Czechoslovakia. Name suggested by J. Ticha and M. Tichy.
Sally M. MacGillivray of Sky Publishing Corporation. With an early bent for music and philosophy, followed by 20 years' experience in book publishing, she brought to the Millennium Star Atlas (1997). As publication manager of this collaborative venture with the European Space Agency's Hipparcos project, she orchestrated the many iterations by two teams of illustrators needed to complete the 1548 charts in the atlas.
Toni L. Moore, who has worked at the University of Arizona's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory since 1986 as an observer, programmer and data analyst on radial velocity observations of stars. She has devoted thousands of hours of observations to a search for planets orbiting other stars, a study of the stability of the solar spectrum and a unique investigation of p -mode oscillations in a star other than the Sun.
Carolyn C. Porco (born 1954), an American planetary scientist at the University of Arizona. A pioneer in the study of planetary ring systems, Porco has made important contributions to our knowledge of spokes in Saturn's rings, eccentric ring features in the systems of Saturn and Uranus and the azimuthal structure in the rings of Neptune. Through her contributions to the Voyager project and as the team leader for the Cassini imaging system, Porco has been a leader in spacecraft exploration of the outer solar system. In 1997, she originated the idea of sending a capsule containing ashes of E. M. Shoemaker to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft. Name endorsed by the Shoemaker family.
Vladimir Nabokov (1899–1977) was a Russian-American novelist, poet and critic. His best works, including Lolita (1955), feature stylish, intricate literary effects. The name was suggested by J. Ticha.
Akira Kobori (1904–1992), professor of mathematics at Kyoto University and president of the Kyoto prefectural university. He contributed to the study of multivalent functions and history of mathematics.
Takao Hasebe (born 1947) is a Japanese amateur astronomer who taught astronomy to the first discoverer during his youth. Hasebe is also an observer of the lunar surface
Takehiko Kuroda (born 1946), since 1990 the first director of the Nishi-Harima Astronomical Observatory (NHAO) and one of the leading astronomers in Japanese public observatories.
Älvsjö, Sweden, now a residential suburb of Stockholm, is the location of the Battle of Brännkyrka (1518), in which the young king-to-be Gustaf Vasa participated. More than a thousand lives were lost, and many streets of Älvsjö bear the names of men killed in the battle.
Hiroshi Kinoshita (born 1941), a celestial mechanician at the National Astronomical Observatory (formerly known as the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory).
Syoji Kuwabara (born 1927), a retired school teacher in Japan, he was superintendent of the board of education in Himeji City (1981–1993) and director of the city's Science Museum (1993–1996).
Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906–1945), German theologian and opponent of Nazism, executed in 1945 following his arrest and imprisonment after the attempt to assassinate Hitler. His brother Klaus was amongst those arrested and executed.
Takeo Yokoo (born 1939), of Osaka Kyoiku University, mainly studies galactic astronomy. He also served as president of the Society for Teaching and Popularization of Astronomy in Japan from 1998 to 2002.
Yoshiaki Sofue (born 1943), works mainly in galactic radio astronomy, playing a leading role in millimeter-wave research of galaxies in Japan. He has determined high-accuracy central rotation curves and detailed mass distributions and has shown the general existence of massive cores.
Victor Ben Meen (1910–1971), Canadian mineralogist and geologist, who was the first to identify the Pingualuit crater in northern Quebec as an impact structure in 1950 †
Sergej Ivanovich Doroguntsov (born 1929), corresponding member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, is prominent in the study of economics and ecology, head of a faculty at Kiev National Economic University and president of the Ukrainian Ecological Academy of Sciences
Earl Carpenter (born 1934) taught physics to thousands of students over the course of 35 years at Salesianum High School in Wilmington, Delaware where he inspired them to rely on their own problem-solving skills.
Kazuyuki Saitoh (born 1957), associate director of the Nichihara Observatory since 1985 and president of the Shimane Society of Astronomy, Shimane Prefecture.
Marina Brozovic (born 1971), an American scientist at JPL, uses the Goldstone and Arecibo radars to observe near-earth objects and then derives radar shape models and rotation states for these objects
Matudaira-gou is located in the east of Toyota city, Aichi prefecture. It is the motherland of the Tokugawa Shōgun family, who ruled Japan during 1603–1867
Takafumi Matsui (1946-2023) was Director of the Planetary Exploration Research Center at the Chiba Institute of Technology, and Emeritus Professor at the University of Tokyo. He was specialized in astrobiology and comparative planetology, and the study of meteoroid impacts on the evolution of the Earth and life
Namiki Mitsuo (born 1957) is a Japanese amateur astronomer on the staff of the public-information office of the National Astronomical Observatory. He acts as a bridge between Japanese professionals and amateurs and helps create friendly relationships
Justo Ossaka (1922–1998), emeritus director of the Sendai Astronomical Observatory. Graduating from the Geophysical Institute, Tohoku University, in 1950, he worked at the Sendai Observatory from 1956 to 1994. He contributed greatly to attracting amateur astronomers and planetarium visitors. Name proposed by A. Watanabe and M. Koishikawa of the Sendai Astronomical Observatory
Franco Panizon (born 1925). Head of the pediatric department of the University of Trieste, he is one of the key figures in Italian pediatrics, endowed with a deep knowledge of all scientific disciplines focusing on human beings, a true master of science and life. From Trieste he has influenced pediatricians all over the country and has founded a pediatric school that teaches care for children through mind and heart
George Takei (born 1937), an actor best known for his role as Mr. Sulu in the original Star Trek television series. He also has a lengthy record of public service through his involvement with organizations such as the Japanese American Citizens League and the Human Rights Campaign.
Shin-ichi Kawakami (born 1956) is a professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences in the Faculty of Education at Gifu University. He has studied impact cratering and its implications for planetary evolution. He also published several books on the history of Planet Earth
Forever outnumbered by the women in his life, the discoverer chose to acknowledge those most significant with an appellation formed by letters in the names of his mother, Edith (Johnson) di Cicco (1912–1994); wife, Hilary F. Bennett (born 1952); and daughter, Hannah di Cicco (born 1987)
Vitalij Petrovich Dyukov (born 1945), a professor at the Siberian State Geodesy Academy in Novosibirsk, is a specialist on the earth's gravitational field and author of more than ten textbooks for students
Kheino Potter (1929–2007), astronomer at Pulkovo Observatory, known for his work on the determination of astronomical constants and the problems of selenodesy. He was initiator of and an active contributor to FOCAT, the reference catalog for the southern sky, and he organized the observational station at Ordubad.
Minerva Hamilton Hoyt (1866–1945) was an American activist. She advocated for desert regions and plants, educating people across the nation. Thanks to her efforts, California created Joshua Tree, Death Valley, and Anza-Borrego Desert parks. Over 2.5 million people now visit the Joshua Tree park each year.
Soviet mathematician Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrent'ev (1900–1980) was the first head of the Siberian Department of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences. His son Mikhail Mikhailovich Lavrent'ev (born 1932) also works in mathematical physics
Roberto Somma (born 1944), an Italian space engineer at Alenia Spazio, has promoted ideas and organized international meetings in Italy on the exploration of the solar system, in particular of near-earth objects
Theodore E. Bunch (born 1936) is an American meteoriticist at Northern Arizona University. He has used petrologic studies of a broad array of meteorites to understand the metamorphism and differentiation of minor planets and the Moon.
David L. Crawford (born 1931), astronomer at the Kitt Peak National Observatory recognized for his fundamental contributions to protecting dark skies around observatories from light pollution through good outdoor lighting practices. In 1972 he was instrumental in establishing the first comprehensive lighting code, which regulated outdoor lighting in southern Arizona, and the code has become a model for such regulation throughout the world. Crawford was cofounder and executive director of the International Dark-Sky Association, a worldwide organization dedicated to the preservation of dark skies. He was also responsible for establishing the fundamental standards of the Strömgren photometric system. Name suggested and citation provided by D. R. Davis
Giacomo Casanova (1725–1798) was an Italian writer, spy and diplomat, the prince of Italian adventurers. His autobiography Histoire de ma vie established his reputation as an archetypal seducer of women. He spent his final years in Bohemia as librarian in the château of Dux, now Duchcov. The name was suggested by M. Tichy.
Elisabetta Dotto (born 1965), Italian planetary scientist. Dotto studied the rotational properties of a large number of minor planets by carrying out accurate photometric observations. She assisted the Galileo mission fly-by of (243) Ida by determining the spin vector and a reference shape using ground-based observations, and she contributed to the ISO mission by interpreting infrared observations. Name suggested and citation prepared by M. A. Barucci and M. Fulchignoni.
Anne Lemaître (born 1957) a Belgian mathematician, for her pioneering analytic studies of the dynamics of minor planets in mean-motion resonances. She has also investigated the process of adiabatic capture into resonance, and has computed accurate proper elements for objects with large orbital eccentricities and inclinations. Name suggested and citation provided by A. Morbidelli.
Bertil Lindblad (born 1921), Swedish astronomer of the Lund Observatory, in recognition of his lifetime work on meteor orbits; his long-term effort in establishing a database for all meteor orbits, now generally used by all meteor workers; his stewardship of IAU Commission 22, which he served as president in the early 1970s; and, in particular, his contribution to starting the very successful "Asteroids, Comets, Meteors" series of conferences. Name suggested and citation written by I. P. Williams.
Viktor Ponrepo (1858–1926), a Czech cinematic pioneer who was the founder of the first permanent cinema in Prague in 1907. The name was suggested by M. Tichy.
Annick Bec-Borsenberger (born 1940), a French astronomer at the Bureau des Longitudes, Institut de Mécanique Céleste de l'Observatoire de Paris. She is known for her analytical theory of the motion of the Moon. She is an expert in the dynamics of small bodies, particularly in the convergence of algorithms used to determine perturbed orbits. She helped analyze Hipparcos data on minor planets and satellites and has been involved in the ISO mission. Citation provided by M. A. Barucci.
Sciurus, a genus of bushy-tailed squirrels. Sciurus vulgaris and Sciurus carolinensis are squirrels, animals that live mainly in the tops of trees in parks and forests around many observatories, including Klet and the České Budějovice Observatory. The name was suggested by J. Ticha.
R. Stephen Saunders (born 1940), chief scientist for the Solar System Exploration Office at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, is the project scientist for the Mars Surveyor Program 2001/2003 mission, director of JPL's Regional Planetary Image Facility and former project scientist of the Magellan mission to Venus
Uchinoura, a former Japanese town located in the Kimotsuki District of Kagoshima Prefecture, where the Kagoshima Space Center of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) is located. A small fishing village, the town entered the limelight in 1962, when it was selected as the launching site for ISAS (now ISAS Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture). ISAS satellites are launched toward the Pacific Ocean from a plateau in the southeastern part of the town. The facilities are getting larger as the rockets also grow in size. The usual population of the town is about 10,000, but at the time of a launch staff and reporters typically cause a 20-percent increase.
Nicolas Antoine Boulanger (1722–1759), a French geologist and one of the Encyclopedists, believed that the irrational behavior of the human species, together with all the heritage of religious rites and much of the political of his own and other ages, were engendered in cataclysmic experiences.
Ernest Maes (born 1915), a doctor of medicine (dermatology), has long had a great interest in anthropology, history of religion and psychiatry, resulting in several books on the critical evaluation of religious tradition
Michitoshi Yoshida (born 1963) is the director of Okayama Astrophysical Observatory, a branch of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. His main interests are extragalactic astronomy, especially observational study of active galaxies, and astronomical instrumentation
Hypsenor, son of Hippasus from Greek mythology. During the Trojan War, Deiphobus attempted to strike Idomeneus after latter killed Asius, but his spear throw bounced off Idomeneus' shield and killed Hypsenor instead.
Kazuya Yoshida (born 1960). An authority in robot engineering at Tohoku University, Yoshida is now developing a robotic system to explore the minor planets. He is an excellent astrophotographer and a member of Mt. Nyukasa Station, where this minor planet was discovered
Masato Ishiguro (born 1945) has been the Japanese project director of the ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array) project since 1998. He was in charge of constructing the Nobeyama Millimeter Array and was the director of the Nobeyama Radio Observatory from 1990 to 1996.
William F. Bottke Jr. (born 1966), a planetary scientist known for his research on the collisional and dynamical evolution of minor planets. He has also contributed to the study of the origin and evolution of NEAs, in particular by analyzing the formation of doublet craters found on the terrestrial planets.
Alessandro Casagrande (1922–1964). Composer and orchestra conductor, he skillfully headed the music school in Terni and served as artistic manager of the city's symphonic bureau "S. Falchi". He was also a painter. In 1965 an international piano competition was named for him
Oze is a basin highland lying astride the prefectures Fukushima, Gunma and Niigata. The highland is surrounded by mountains, including Mt. Hiuchidake and Mt. Shifutsu, making up the western part of the Nikkō National Park
Vilhelm Moberg (1898–1973), a Swedish novelist and writer. Moberg mainly wrote about society's lower classes and always fought for the individual against the authorities. He also strove unsuccessfully to make Sweden a republic. Among his best-known novels are Utvandrarna ("The Emigrants") and Invandrarna ("The Immigrants"), about a family moving from Småland to Minnesota during the nineteenth century.
Hidehiko Agata (born 1961) is a staff member in the public information office of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. His main interests are education and populiarization of astronomy, and he has published many books on elementary astronomy. He has also studied cometary plasma tails
Haldan Cohn (born 1953), on the faculty of Indiana University, has carried out fundamental research on the dynamics of stellar systems. He is particularly known for his work on the late stages of core collapse in star clusters and on the effect of gravothermal instabilities on the dynamical evolution of star clusters
Valery Gavrilin (1939–1999) was an outstanding Russian composer whose compositions have become a national property of Russia and occupy a well-deserved place in the culture of the twentieth century. The name was suggested by the Union of Concert Workers of Russia.
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Krasnogolovets (born 1960), professor of radioelectronics at Kharkov National Technical University, specializes in the physics of elementary particles, accelerators and lasers. He is known in particular for his work on a high-energy laser for astrophysical research
Farouk El-Baz (born 1938) is an Egyptian American remote sensing expert. He is perhaps best known for using his expertise to help select the landing site for the Apollo 11 astronauts. He also trained the Apollo 15 astronauts in geology, ensuring that the most scientifically useful samples were gathered for return to Earth.
Vladimir Vladimirovich Stashis (born 1925) is a Ukrainian scholar of jurisprudence, vice-rector of the Ukrainian National Academy of Law and a member of the International Court of the United Nations. He also likes poetry and art and has a large collection of pictures of classical Russian painters
G. Jeffrey Taylor (born 1944) is an American professor of planetary science at the University of Hawaii. His merging of data on lunar and meteorite petrology with remotely-sensed data from planetary missions has unlocked vital clues to the earliest evolution of planetary bodies, particularly the moon.
Sandra Pizzarello (born 1933), an Italian chemist and professor of chemistry at Arizona State University. Along with colleagues, she has pioneered the study of organic material in meteorites.
Herbert Palme (born 1943) a German geochemist and professor at the Institute of Mineralogy and Geochemistry, University of Cologne. He is a geochemist interested in all aspects of meteoritics and planetary science, with an emphasis on understanding the origin of components in chondritic meteorites.
Naoya Imae (born 1964) is a curator at the National Institute of Polar Research in Tokyo, whose petrologic studies of carbonaceous chondrites and martian meteorites have focused on understanding the processes of aqueous alteration on minor planets and igneous differentiation on Mars.
Margarita Ivanovna Bozhenkova (born 1941), a Russian writer and member of the Writers' Union of Russia, vice-president of the Writers' Naval Association in St. Petersburg and laureate of the "Gold Pen" prize
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Aktsynova (1910–1997) and her husband Arkadij Vsevolodovich Aktsynov (1910–1997) were masters of portraiture and landscape painting. They depicted the beauties of nature in various parts of Russia, including Siberia, Baikal, Sayany, Altaj and Volga
Malcolm Bilson (born 1935), an American pianist and Professor of Music at Cornell University who has recorded scintillating performances of music by Mozart, Beethoven and others. His research interests center on music of the late eigteenth and nineteenth centuries, performance practice, problems of notation and execution, instruments and musical aesthetics. He has won several awards. Bilson gave a recital at the "Asteroids, Comets, Meteors" meeting at Cornell University in July 1999., American pianist
Michel André Combes (born 1939), French planetary scientist and president of the Paris Observatory from 1992 to 1998. Combes studied planetary atmospheres using infrared observations carried out both from the ground and from space. He has been particularly active in designing and building new-technology instruments for spacecraft (for example, an infrared spectrometer for the Vega mission to comet 1P/Halley) and for the largest ground-based telescopes (such as the adaptive optics device Come-on). Combes has played an important role in developing planetary science in France, particularly by encouraging his younger colleagues to join international efforts in planetary space exploration. Name suggested and citation prepared by M. Fulchignoni.
Milan Kundera (1929–2023), Czech novelist, playwright and poet. He has written various works combining the comedy of living with political criticism. His novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being is well known and received wide international exposure as a very successful movie. Since 1975 he has lived in France. Name proposed by J. Ticha following a suggestion by M. Šidlichovský.
Vincenc Strouhal (1850–1922), Czech physicist and professor of experimental physics. He founded and built up the Institute of Physics of the Czech part of Charles University (1907). Name suggested by J. Ticha and M. Šolc.
Richard Kowalski (born 1963), an American amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets of Quail Hollow Observatory, near Tampa, Florida. Kowalski is engaged in follow-up and discovery work on minor planets and comets. In 1998 he founded and has energetically maintained the Minor Planet Mailing List, a web-based information service and chat group for amateur and professional observers. Kowalski has also been the main organizer of the 1999 Amateur-Professional Minor Planet Workshop at the Lowell Observatory. Citation written by the discoverer and P. G. Comba.
Leonid Vasil'evich Xanthomaliti (Ksanfomaliti; born 1932), radiometrist, photo-metrist, polarimetrist and altimetrist, discovered the Martian "anti-greenhouse" effect, hypothesized on the thunderbolt phenomena in Venus' atmosphere and predicted high volcanic activity on Venus. The name was suggested by V. K. Abalakin
Silvia Rosa-Brusin [it], head of one of the principal Italian scientific programs. She is strongly involved in popular astronomy and is in close contact with scientists around the world. Her programs on Italian television constitute a serious reference for interested people
The Somme is a river in Northern France in the département of Picardie. The Celtic name means `tranquility'. With a length of nearly 250 km and a source near the city of St. Quentin, the Somme forms an extensive and beautiful bay, rich in flora and fauna, as it enters the English Channel
Arnold J. Toynbee (1934–1961), a British historian, who analyzed the rise and fall of civilizations in his twelve-volume work A Study of History (1934–1961)
Yoshihide Hayashi (born 1959), a Japanese amateur astronomer who works as a curator at a science museum. He contributes himself as a volunteer to the educational organization Fukorounokai and serves to popularize astronomy among the citizens.
Carl Bosch (1874–1940), a German chemist, inventor of high-pressure ammonia synthesis, 1931 Nobel laureate in chemistry and enthusiastic amateur astronomer. During the 1920s he built a well-equipped private observatory on his estate at Heidelberg, where he carried out spectroscopic and photometric studies. He was an important patron of science, supporting especially the Heidelberg-Königstuhl Observatory, the Astronomische Gesellschaft and the Einstein Foundation. Name proposed by the first discoverer, endorsed by G. Klare and H. Mandel.
Susumu Imoto (1901–1981) studied the history of astronomy and old Japanese calendars. With I. Hasegawa, he compiled a catalogue of meteor showers and lent support to the world calendar proposed by E. Achelis.
Johannes Linnankoski (Vihtori Peltonen, 1869–1913) was a Finnish writer who promoted Finnish independence from Russia. He is known for his novel, The Song of the Blood-Red Flower (1905). In 1960 the discoverer, Eric Elst, set much of this novel to music.
Jose A. "Jett" Aguilar (born 1961) is a Filipino neurosurgeon who has saved over one thousand children in the Philippines by volunteering his time and surgical expertise to treat their congenital malformations and brain tumors. He is also an amateur astronomer and serves as vice president of the Astronomical League of the Philippines.
Osaka, the second largest city in Japan, administrative center of the prefecture, and an important industrial, cultural, business and scientific center.
Goro Kuroiwa (1912–1990), Japanese astronomer and observer of variable stars. A student in the department of astronomy at the University of Tokyo on the occasion of the total solar eclipse on 1936 June 19, he independently discovered the nova CP Lac, along with Kazuaki Gomi. While serving with the Japanese army in 1942 he independently discovered the nova CP Pup. He represented Japan in the geodetic survey program using photoelectric observations of lunar occultations, carried out from 1950 to the 1960s by the U.S. Army Map Service Far East.
Tetsuharu Fuse (born 1970) works at the Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. A solar system researcher, interested in the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt objects and natural satellites, he is also the first public relations coordinator at the Subaru Telescope.
Hideo Inoue (1917–) was a Japanese astronomer. An astronomy enthusiast while still a child, he studied at the Tokyo College of Physics and at the Institute of Cosmical Physics in Kyoto. While participating in Kyoto University's expedition to the total solar eclipse on 1941 Sept. 21 he obtained color photographs of the solar corona, the first in Japan. He later worked at the Peking Observatory, where he calculated the national ephemeris. After the war he taught at technical high schools in Japan. For the International Geophysical Year he led the Higasimatuyama Moonwatch Team. He is also an enthusiastic ham radio operator.
Reinhard Pöllath (born 1948), a professor of tax law at the University of Münster, is an authority on corporate acquisitions and business successions. As founder of the Exzellenz-Stiftung zur Förderung der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft he inspires the community with his fascination for science, in particular for molecular biology
Johann Heinrich Wilhelm Döllen (1820–1897), a German astronomer at the Dorpat Observatory, was an assistant of W. Struve. Later he worked on geodetic problems at the Pulkovo Observatory. Döllen is notable for his discussion on errors of heliometer observations. The name was suggested by L. D. Schmadel (Src).
Pavel Schilling (1786–1837) was a Russian inventor and orientalist. In 1832 he became the first to invent an electromagnetic telegraph suitable for practical use. He investigated the history and languages of Asian peoples and gathered a large collection of oriental manuscripts.
Lyudmila Alekseevna Verbitskaya (1936–2019), a professor of general linguistics, is an authority on Russian and experimental phonetics. As rector of St. Petersburg University she has created and supported favorable conditions for the development of higher education and science. The name was suggested by K. V. Kholshevnikov.
Kevin Righter (born 1965) is an American curator of Antarctic meteorites at NASA's Johnson Space Center. His research focuses on the chemical processes occurring during early planetary differentiation.
Frank A. Podosek (born 1941) is an American professor at Washington University in St. Louis. His research centers on the uses of isotopic analysis of natural materials in elucidating the character and history of our planet and our planetary system.
Alain Doressoundiram (born 1968), French planetary scientist. He has worked on the collisional evolution of the population of minor planets, in particular the formation and evolution of binary systems during a family-forming collision. He has contributed to the spectroscopic characterization of a number of minor planet families and helped plan the Rosetta and DS4-Champollion space missions. Name suggested and citation prepared by M. A. Barucci and M. Fulchignoni.
Vyacheslav Afanasievich Veselov (born 1930), a Russian space scientist and consultant on the automatic Lunokhods, made the small-site photolocation systems for driving the Mars Rover and planet rovers. He directed the performance of the astrophysical devices aboard the Mir station for research on the fine structure of the Earth's atmosphere.
Julie Laine Nicoles (born 1986) has worked as a life guard, as a caregiver for her grandmother, and for several years at the Sylvan Learning Center and the Jasper Elementary school in Rancho Cucamonga, California. She is now a student at Chaffey College nearby
Katherine Galindo, Christine Galindo, Molly Thompson, Kimberly Galindo and Amy Galindo, nieces of Donna Thompson, administrator for the Minor Planet Center
John Munger, Veikko Kanto and Richard Berry, the authors of The CCD Cookbook. By providing detailed instructions and software, they have made it possible for the amateur astronomer to construct and operate an efficient, low-cost CCD camera. The final imaging and astrometry of this minor planet was carried out with such a camera made by the discoverer.
Nikolaj Apollonovich Anfimov (born 1935), a Russian space scientist and co-chairman of the Russian-American cosmic committee, is a well-known scientist in space technology and the theory of heat-mass exchange. He received an award from NASA and is an officer of the French Légion d'honneur.
Sergei Krikalev (born 1958), a Russian cosmonaut who worked aboard the space missions Discovery and Endeavor and was commander of the crews of Mir and the International Space Station. He spent 803 days in space during six flights. He was awarded a special medal by NASA.
Sohei Kaizuka (1926–1998), a Japanese geomorphologists. His significant academic achievements covered various landforms, from global to local scale. Many scientists have been inspired by his ideas and advice.
Changchun, a Chinese city, is the international sister city of Sendai, Japan, affiliated since 1980. Changchun is the capital of the Kitsurin province and the center of political and economical activities of the province.
Takaaki Oribe (born 1972), Japanese researcher at Saji Observatory since its foundation in 1994, has contributed comet observations to the International Comet Quarterly. He serves as an executive member of a local astronomy club, "Tottori Society of Astronomy" and contributes to the popularization of astronomy.
Marie Macháčová (1922–1998) and Marie Petrželová (1912–1998), the grandmothers of the discoverer's wife; and Emilie Dudková (1914–1977) and Aloisie Pravcová (born 1917), the grandmothers of the discoverer. This naming is also devoted to all grandmothers, who traditionally have a major role in bringing up children in the Czech nation. This role is also reflected in the novel "Babička" ("Granny"), written by Božena Němcová, based on her own childhood experience.
Astronomical Society of Linz (Linzer Astronomische Gemeinschaft; Linzer A.G.), an association of Austrian amateur astronomers on the occasion of its 50th anniversary; the number of this minor planet, written backwards, is the year the association was founded (1947)
Project Hope (Xiwang Gongcheng), a non-profit social welfare program operated by the China Youth Development Foundation, on the occasion of its 10th anniversary.
Miroslav Holub (1923–1998), Czech immunologist, poet and essayist. His research resulted in the monograph Immunology of Nude Mice. His fine poetry combines the world of science and the world of everyday human experience, as shown, for example, in his book Supposed to Fly. Name proposed by the discoverer following a suggestion by J. Ticha.
The Glory Project (Guangcai Shiye), an open poverty relief activity in China. The project actively assists the poor with training, initiating enterprises, developing resources and carrying out commerce. Its operation promotes traditional Chinese virtues and advances the prospects of the poor.
Hideyoshi Arakida (born 1973) is an associate professor at Nihon University, who specializes in celestial mechanics, including solar system dynamics. His latest research interests are the null structure of spacetime and the effect of cosmological constant on the local system.
Hideyo Kawakita (born 1970), Japanese astronomer and staff member at the Gunma Astronomical Observatory. His work includes comets, planets, and the formation of the Solar System.
Reiko Furusho (born 1970), a Japanese astronomer who works in cometary physics and in the education and popularization of astronomy. Her main scientific interests include the properties of cometary dust, especially polarization by dust particles.
Patrick Cassen (born 1940), American astrophysicist and planetary scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center. His research focuses on star and planet formation, the physics of circumstellar disks, and the application of astrophysical models to the formation of the solar system.
Marrucino was an ancient tribe that lived in Abruzzo. San Martino sulla Marrucina is renowned worldwide for its wine and chitarra, a special kind of pasta. It is also famous for polverieri, a group of artisans and merchants who for five centuries produced gunpowder from grape charcoal following a secret recipe
Aldo Kranjc (1919–1994), Italian astronomer at the observatories in Naples, Milan and Bologna. He succeeded F. Zagar as director of Brera-Merate Observatory in 1971. His many activities and studies included general relativity and applications of electronic techniques to astronomy and spectroscopy. He was a pioneer in Italy on numerical electronic calculus. He wrote several programs and articles on orbit determination.
Alison Doane (1958–2017) has held the position of assistant curator (from 1983 to 2001) and curator (from 2001 to 2016) of astronomical photographs at the Harvard College Observatory. She was also principal oboe with the Boston Philharmonic Orchestra from 1982 to 2001.
In the face of extreme physical problems resulting from an accident at age 12, Paul A. Cook (born 1981) has shown remarkable determination to use his mental powers to study astronomy. He has learned how to use a computer by special means and has produced some extremely good graphics for the discoverer.
Seiraiji is a Japanese Temple built in Sumoto, Japan, around 1000 CE, in the late Heian era. This Buddhist temple with graves is located on the small hill Kyuko-san, which was made by rivers in a delta area.
Iwahashi Zenbei (1756–1811) is known for building the most superior Japanese telescope in the Edo era. His family worked as opticians in Osaka for four generations after him.
John Pond (1767–1836), sixth Astronomer Royal, is famous for the introduction of then-modern transit instruments at Greenwich Observatory and for publishing a high-precision star catalogue. Pond received the Copley Medal of the Royal Society
The oldest printing-house (tipografiya in Russian) of the Russian Academy of Sciences bears the name "Nauka" (science). It was founded in 1727 in St. Petersburg.
The Meriam are an Indigenous Australian group of people in the islands of the eastern Torres Strait, united by a common language, who developed complex systems of astronomical knowledge that paved the way for modern ethnography.
White Rose (German: Die Weiße Rose), a resistance movement in Germany in World War II which called for nonviolent resistance to the Nazi regime. Numerous members of the movement were arrested and executed
Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898), Prussian prime minister and minister of foreign affairs and, from 1871, the so-called Great Chancellor of the German Reich.
Félix Cernuschi [es] (1907–1999), an Uruguayan physicist and astrophysicist and founder of Uruguay's first university dedicated to research and education in physics and astronomy.
Shigemi Uchida (born 1952) is actively working to combat light pollution in Japan. He is an organizer of the Japan Section of the International Dark Sky Association and also a member of the Japanese dark-sky organization Hoshizora-wo-Mamoru-Kai.
Kridsadaporn (San) Ritsmitchai (1964–2004) was born in Songhkla, Thailand. She and her husband Martin Callaway both lived and worked at Siding Spring Observatory. San is remembered in Coonabarabran for her caring nature and community work. She died in a car accident.
Cynthia Jean (Volinsky) Graber (born 1956) is an American psychologist, theatre aficionado, nature lover and rock collector. A steadfast advocate for kindness, compassion and curiosity, she has spent more than 30 years helping adults, children, and families navigate the human condition with warmth and patience.
Tatsuo Hashimoto (born 1912) has been a member of the Oriental Astronomical Association since the 1930s and an advisor to the Oita Astronomical Society since its founding in 1979. In 1944 he won a patent for his invention of a new type of protractor in which a right angle has 60 degrees.
The ʻakikiki (Oreomystis bairdi), or Kauaʻi creeper, is a critically endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, now found only in high-elevation rainforests on Kauaʻi.
Masatomi Urata (born 1925) has been a member of the Oriental Astronomical Association and an active observer of meteors since 1943. He has also been an adviser to the Oita Astronomical Society since its founding in 1979 and has greatly contributed to the growth of younger astronomers.
Sadako Sasaki (1943–1955) was exposed to radiation from the Hiroshima atom bomb and suffered from leukemia. She tried to fold 1000 paper cranes in prayer for recovery, but in vain. Impressed by her story, children around the world raised funds and built the Children's Peace Monument in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park.
Bill Yidumduma Harney (born 1931) is a Senior Elder of the Wardaman Aboriginal people of Australia's Northern Territory. He has shared his traditional astronomical knowledge through film, television, and books, including Dark Sparkers and Four Circles.
Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tel'nyuk-Adamchuk (born 1936), Ukrainian astronomer and vice president of the Ukrainian Astronomical Association and director of the Kiev University Observatory
Caroline Smith (born 1976) the Head of Earth Sciences Collections and Principal Curator of Meteorites at the Natural History Museum in London. She studies mineralogy of meteorites, notably ureilites, to understand planetary processes, collected meteorites in Australia and has been principal editor of the Meteoritical Bulletin.
Warren B. Offutt (1928–2017), was an American amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets, on the occasion of his 70th birthday, 1998 Feb. 13. After a career as an engineering executive, he turned in his retirement to the astronomical applications of CCDs, considering in particular the contributions that can be made by amateur astronomers. At his observatory in New Mexico he has made key observations of several of the objects discovered in the Kuiper Belt in recent years, as well as of other comets and minor planets as faint as 22nd magnitude. His follow-up of S/1997 U 2, one of the two recently discovered satellites of Uranus, played a crucial role in the establishment of its orbit.
Joseph L. Montani (born 1952), is an American researcher, instrumentalist, observational astronomer, and optics expert with the LPL of the University of Arizona and member of the Spacewatch team, who most recently discovered many near-earth minor planets, main-belt asteroids, and four (4) comets including 314P/Montani. He has also had previous careers in laboratory astrophysics (modeling asteroidal surfaces), and in millimeter-wave radio-astronomy, and airborne and ground-based infrared-astronomy (Src)
Alexander Wilson (1714–1786) was the first professor of practical astronomy at the University of Glasgow. He measured atmospheric temperature with height and, from the "Wilson Effect", developed a model of sunspots
The Namahage is a folk event that has been handed down from olden times in Oga Peninsula in Akita Prefecture. It is designated an "Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property".
Masanori Inohara (born 1921) has been an amateur astronomer since childhood. He contributed greatly to the popularization of astronomy, especially in schools after the Second World War, when Japan was very poor. He is also an enthusiastic chaser of solar eclipses.
Gorizia, the Italian town on the 1000th anniversary of the first mention of its actual name in an official document. Gorizia is the main city in the lowlands of river Isonzo River.
Amleto Cari (1904–1982), versatile athlete of rare talent, from 1919 to 1933 he was captain of the Terni football team that, under his guidance, reached the national league.
Charles E. Brady Jr. (born 1951), a captain in the U.S. Navy, NASA astronaut, surgeon, experienced amateur radio operator and close friend to the name proposer.
"Hoshitakuhai" (Home delivery of the starry skies) is an activity of the Kakogawa Space Science Association that brings the wonders of the stars to the public
Yes, an English rock and roll music group, has been creating music since 1968. The band is best known for its albums The Yes Album, Fragile, Close to the Edge and 90125.
Tadashi Ishibashi (born 1926), retired sea captain, became interested in stars in 1936 and has observed meteors since 1940. Since 1947 he has collected and studied ancient documents about the stars. Currently he lectures on star topics aboard large passenger ships
Tsutomu Ishibashi (born 1949), a Japanese amateur astronomer, has been using the same 0.1-m reflector to photograph Mars, Jupiter and Saturn since 1971 in order to maintain uniformity in the data contained in the images
Japanese amateur astronomer Isshi Tabe (born 1956) has observed Jupiter and other planets for over 25 years and has published many articles about planets. In 1997 he was given a Magellan Award by the Oriental Astronomical Association. He is also well known as a planetarium program producer
Nicole-Reine Lepaute (1723–1788), a French astronomer and mathematician, who help to compute the needed prediction of the 1759 return of Halley's Comet
Yvette Marie Josette (born 1925), French spectroscopist and director of the Haute-Provence Observatory, and her husband Henri Andrillat, French cosmologist and professor of astronomy
Phyllis Lugger (born 1954), on the faculty of Indiana University, is known for her work on the luminosity functions of galaxies in clusters and on the dynamics of globular clusters and stellar systems, including the Milky Way galaxy and interacting binary stars. She has also worked on the identification of x-ray sources
Oleg Pavlovich Bykov (born 1938), a Russian astronomer at the Pulkovo Observatory, is a specialist in astrometry and theoretical astronomy especially known for his work on orbit determination of minor planets and other bodies by the method of parameters of apparent motion and analysis of the astrometric observations.
Valentina Mikhajlovna Chepurova, a celestial mechanician at the Sternberg Astronomical Institute in Moscow, is known for her research on the dynamics of the small bodies of the solar system by analytical and qualitative methods. As chair of celestial mechanics, she is also much involved with the education of students
Ian Giblin (born 1969), a British physicist who has performed a number of laboratory experiments to simulate hypervelocity impacts among minor planets. Giblin has developed new data analysis tools to study their outcome and to draw conclusions regarding the corresponding actual events. Name proposed and citation written by P. Farinella.
Yaroslav Kirillovich Golovanov (born 1932) a Russian space engineer and scientific journalist who writes scientific reviews on space problems. As the author of many hundreds of articles and more than 20 books, he is the laureate of many prizes and awards, including the "Golden Pen" medal, the highest award of the Union of Soviet Journalists.
Ralph Pass (born 1946), American mathematician and amateur astronomer who worked at NASA for the Apollo and Space Shuttle programs. He has also been Director of the Mendel Observatory (W82) at Merrimack College in Massachusetts (Src).
Segar Passi (born 1942) is a Dauareb man and senior elder on Mer (Murray Island) in Australia's Torres Strait. He is an artist who shares extensive traditional knowledge about ecology, meteorology, and astronomy, having co-authored a number of academic papers on the subject.
Austrian-born Lisa Kaltenegger (born 1977) is associate professor of astronomy and director of the Carl Sagan Institute at Cornell University. Her research focuses on exploring new worlds orbiting other stars, especially rocky planets and super-Earths and their atmospheres in the habitable zone. She is an expert in modeling potential habitable worlds and their detectable spectral fingerprint, which can be detected with the next generation of telescopes.
Rosa Scorzelli (born 1940) is a Brazilian meteoriticist at the Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas. Her research has focused on Mossbauer studies of metallic meteorites to understand the complex cooling histories they experienced during the core formation of minor planets.
Nizhny Novgorod, is an old Russian city located at the confluence of the Volga and Oka rivers. Founded in 1221, the city is now a large industrial, scientific and cultural center. It is known for many architectural monuments and the famous Nizhnij Novgorod Fair.
Michael Heyman (born 1930), secretary and linchpin of the Smithsonian Institution's diverse and incomparably rich programs. Educator, legal scholar, civil rights champion, he has unfailingly supported research at the frontiers of astronomy
French astronomer Jean-Marc Petit (born 1961) for his work on the dynamics of planetary rings. Petit has also investigated the collisional evolution of the minor planet belt and the dynamical evolution of the (243) Ida-Dactyl system. Name suggested and citation provided by A. Morbidelli
Vladimir Ivanovich Fedoseev (born 1932), outstanding Russian conductor. He has been artistic director of Tchaikovsky's symphony orchestra in Moscow since 1974. He is also a principal conductor of the Vienna Symphony Orchestra and guest conductor in Tokyo and in many other cities. Fedoseev promotes the Russian classical music of Glinka, Mussorgsky, Rakhmaninov, Sviridov and others. Name suggested by G. Sviridov and supported by the discoverer
Altamira is a cave in northern Spain, whose walls bear paintings and engravings – chiefly of bison, deer, horses and boar – dating from the Stone Age. It is one of the most important prehistoric painted caves. The paintings were discovered in 1879. The name was suggested by M. Tichy.
Tadeusz Michałowski (born 1954), Polish astronomer at the Astronomical Observatory of Adam Mickiewicz University in Posnan. Michałowski developed a formalism for computing the pole orientation, shape and sidereal rotation period of a minor planet, incorporating both the magnitude and timing information contained in lightcurve observations, in a simultaneous least-squares solution. This method, or methods similar to it, are now widely used standard analysis tools, and they have greatly improved the quality of such determinations. Name suggested by H. Rickman, citation prepared by A. W. Harris.
Otauchunokai, founded in 1970, is an amateur astronomers' club in the Ota city area, Gunma prefecture. Club activities include observations, studies and public education in astronomy. The discoverers are members of this club
Gopalan Srinivasan (born 1964) is a Canadian geologist, meteoriticist and professor in the department of geology at the University of Toronto. His research focuses on understanding the formation and evolution of the solar system through chemical and isotopic studies of meteorites.
Haute-Provence is a very beautiful region in southern France where, in 1936, the astronomical Haute-Provence Observatory was established. In 1995, the first planet discovered orbiting a star (51 Peg), was found there. From 1986 to 1996, the 60/90 Schmidt telescope was used to search for minor planets
Scientia, the Latin word for science or knowledge, describes the purpose of the U.S. National Science Foundation on the occasion of its 50th anniversary in the year 2000. The NSF has acted as a "patron for pure science", consistently championing excellence in activities that span the entire range of scientific endeavor.
Poul Anderson (1926–2001), American science fiction writer who has trained three generations of scientists, engineers and others to appreciate humor, adventure, epic tragedy and the vast scale of the universe. Admired for his mentoring and personal warmth, he has won shelves of literary awards. The name was suggested by D. Brin.
Henri Crabeels (born 1904) is an internationally known organist and conductor in Antwerp. This minor planet is dedicated to him on the occasion of his 98th birthday
Jododaira is the place where the first big star parties were held in Japan, the "Chiro's Star Festivals", from 1975 to 1984. Jododaira (1600 m above the sea) is near the top of Mt. Azuma, a famous volcano in Fukushima Prefecture in northeastern Japan. After the violent eruption of the volcano in 1893, Percival Lowell climbed the mountain to investigate the result of the eruption. One hundred years later, an astronomical observatory was established there and is open to the public. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by M. Koishikawa and T. Sato
A. U. Tomatic (born 1997), collaborator at the Minor Planet Center. An ardent computer of orbits and distributor of observational data of minor planets and comets, Tomatic published his first contribution to this field on MPEC 1997-Y01 (1997 Dec. 16). Tomatic is a godchild of the MPC astronomers B. G. Marsden and G. V. Williams. Name proposed by the first discoverer in gratitude for Tomatic's indefatigable service
Tomimaru Okuni (born 1931), a retired teacher, is a Japanese amateur astronomer. He has been discovering new minor planets since 1995 at Nanyo in Yamagata prefecture
The National Institute of Polar Research (Japan) (NIPR) also known by its shortened Japanese name "Kyokuchiken". The institute engages in research via its observation stations in the Arctic and Antarctica. It is also an inter-university research institute that supports researchers and works to promote polar science.
Consadole, a team in the Japan Professional Football League J1, has its home in Sapporo city, Hokkaido. The team's name is an anagram combining the Japanese word Dosanco ("born in Hokkaido") and the Spanish olé ("bravo!"), a common international cheer at soccer games. The name was suggested by K. Watanabe
Mark Robinson, an American planetary geologist who has worked on M-type bodies (Mercury, Moon, Mars, and Minor Planets). He began his career in Alaska, where he prospected for mineral ores and earned his B.S. in geology at the University of Alaska. In Hawaii, he completed his doctorate in 1993 on lunar and martian volcanism and then began his outstanding work on the Clementine mission to the Moon as a member of the U.S. Geological Survey Astrogeology Branch. His efforts, which he continues from his new base at Northwestern University, are now directed to the NEAR spacecraft mission and to future exploration of Mercury. Citation prepared with the assistance of A. McEwen.
Monica De Magistris (1977–1998), a student of physics at Perugia University and a great lover of astronomy who sometimes visited the Santa Lucia observatory. She organized an astronomy exposition as part of Italy's "Scientific and Technological Culture Week" in 1995, giving lectures on the subject to visitors. In her struggle with illness, she was an example of strength, intelligence and passion throughout her short life
Roberto di San Vito, amateur astronomer. Strongly committed to astronomy and astrometry, he is supporting a new observatory in Montelupo that will bear his name, the "San Vito Observatory"
Yukio Morita (born 1952), a dentist in Hiroshima, is an expert on planetary photography and one of the most active members of the Mars section of the Oriental Astronomical Association
Named for the Chinese Academy of Sciences (zhong guo ke xue yuan) on the occasion of its 50th anniversary. Founded on 1949 Nov. 1, it is China's most prestigious academic institution and comprehensive research and development center in science and technology. Over the past half century, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made tremendous contributions to science and technology in China, to the country's economic construction and development and to human civilization and progress
Marcia Langton (born 1951) is a Yiman Aboriginal woman, professor, Associate Provost, and Foundation Chair of Australian Indigenous Studies at the University of Melbourne. She leads efforts to incorporate Australian Indigenous astronomical perspectives into the Australian National Curriculum.
William Ward (born 1943), a theoretician who specializes in dynamics and celestial mechanics. Ward has made fundamental contributions to a wide variety of topics in modern planetary science, including both solar nebula and circumplanetary disk dynamics, the origin of the moon, planetesimal formation, planetary ring dynamics, and martian obliquity variations and their coupling to planetwide climatological change. Ward has spent most of his career at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Southwest Research Institute, Boulder. Both his talents and his good spirits are enjoyed by colleagues around the world. Name proposed and citation written by S. A. Stern
Anders Erikson (born 1965), Swedish astronomer who studied minor-planet spin vectors in Uppsala and at the Institute of Planetary Exploration in Berlin.
Ian Lyon (born 1957), a researcher at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom. He studies the isotopic composition of meteorites to investigate the early Solar System and the origin of interstellar grains. Ian has been an associate editor of Meteoritics and Planetary Science.
William Lynch III of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and an outstanding model of efficiency, friendliness and dedication to his work and responsibilities. He is the epitome of the NASA/JPL motto, "Faster, better and cheaper", in the sense that anyone who works in a highly charged, positive fashion, streamlined for action, leads to a more successful and economical operation. Always with a big smile and a cheerful greeting, he is one of JPL's biggest assets
Noriyosi Furiya (1838–1914), a pioneer Japanese winegrower, and his great-grandson Tosihiko (Tosi) Tukamoto (born 1931). Tosi introduced a sake-brewing technique of low-temperature fermentation to the winemaking world
Leon Jaroff (1927–2012), science journalist with a long, distinctive association with Time magazine. Jaroff is internationally known for his well-researched, insightful articles and essays on scientific subjects combining factual reporting and intelligent commentary. He has won many awards and honors for his fine journalism. Through his writing, he has drawn attention to the issue of NEOs and the potentially catastrophic consequences for our civilization should a large comet or asteroid strike the earth
Felice Ierman (1922–1996), father of this minor planet's co-discoverer Giovanni Ierman, was a strong believer in science and technology who inspired his son's passion for astronomy. He also contributed morally and materially to the construction of the first Farra d´Isonzo observatory
Mutsumi Ishitsuka (born 1930), who has worked in Peru since 1957, making coronagraphic observations of the sun at high altitude. In 1979 he built the Cosmos Observatory and in 1988 set up a new coronagraph there that was destroyed by a group of guerrillas. He is currently trying to reconstruct the observatory and to establish a Peruvian National Observatory for teaching astronomy. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by T. Kuroda and Y. Yamada
Kuniaki Horikawa (born 1958), a computer systems engineer in Yokohama, started Jupiter observations in 1974, and he has obtained more than 3000 drawings and 8200 central-meridian transit timings. Since 2001 he has served as director of the Jupiter-Saturn Section of the Oriental Astronomical Association
an area in Nagano prefecture, Azumino is the rice field area east of the Japanese Northern Alps. In various places, natural spring water surfaces to form clear mountain streams. Azumino is famous throughout Japan for its beautiful scenery year-round
Itsukushima Island near Hiroshima City, known as "one of the Scenic Trio of Japan", the island is also called "Miyajima", which means "Shrine Island". The origin of the shrine is not known, but it goes back at least to the sixth century; in the twelfth century its building complex was much enlarged. The shrine and its giant torii gate stand in the sea at high tide. In 1996 the shrine was assigned "World Heritage" recognition by UNESCO. Name proposed by Takeshi Sato
Viktor Leonidovich Bykov (born 1934), a Russian scientist who is known for his work on the theory of satellite communication. He was a designer of the space communication systems "Ekran" and "Intersputnik", as well as of the direct government line between Russia and the U.S. The name was suggested by the Institute of Applied Astronomy
Scott R. Messenger (born 1969), an American space scientist at NASA's Johnson Space Center. He pioneered research on the identification of pre-solar molecular cloud material in interplanetary dust particles (see below).
Keiko Nakamura Messenger (born 1973), Japanese-American space scientist at NASA's Johnson Space Center. Her work revealed the existence of organic globules in the Tagish Lake meteorite, furthering our understanding of organic material in the Solar System (see above).
William Borucki (born 1939) founded and developed the Kepler mission that led to the discovery of numerous exoplanetary systems and to significant contributions to stellar astrophysics and astroseismology of evolving stars. He also determined plasma properties of hypervelocity shock waves that were used in the heat shield of the Apollo missions.
François Gros (born 1925) is a molecular biologist and permanent secretary emeritus of the French Academy of Sciences. He is honorary professor at the College de France and at the Institut Pasteur. He is the president of COPED, the Committee of Developing Countries of the French Academy of Sciences
Valentin Panteleevich Pradun (born 1956), Ukrainian economist and professor at Tavrichesky National University, president of the Crimean Academy of Humanities
Joanna L. Levine (born 1975), an astrophysicist, ballerina, and a yoga instructor. She attended Walnut Hill School to study ballet, obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Florida concentrating on star formation in Orion, and is currently a professor at Mt. Holyoke College.
Yasuo Fukui (born 1951), professor at Nagoya University and a radio astronomer specializing in molecular clouds and the birth of stars. He established and directs the operation of the "Nanten" millimeter-wavelength radio telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. He is a winner of the Vainu Bappu Gold Medal and other prizes. Name proposed by the discoverers following a suggestion by T. Sato and A. Fujii
the Tokyo Metropolitan Fuchie Senior High School, where the first discoverer teaches astronomy and geology. Fuchie means the bank of a large river. This place has been called Fuchie for nearly a thousand years
John H. Rogers (born 1952), director of the British Astronomical Association's Jupiter section since 1988, received the Association's Goodacre Medal in 2003. He is the author of The Giant Planet Jupiter (Cambridge University Press, 1995). By profession he is a molecular neurobiologist at the University of Cambridge
The Japanese city of Kaseda, now Minamisatsuma, located in the southwest of Kagoshima prefecture, birthplace of astronomer Fumiaki Uto, who discovered this minor planet
Masami Ohkuma (born 1954) is an amateur astronomer who serves as chief editor of the Japanese astronomical monthly magazine Hoshi-Navi. He also plays an important role for the popularization of astronomy in Japan
Masanori Joya (1940–1967) was an early member of the Japan Lunar and Planetary Observers Network and played a vital role in its early development. He was the first discoverer in Japan of Jupiter's SEB Disturbance in 1962. He died tragically after losing his way in an unexpectedly heavy snowfall on Mt. Asama
Portule, the highest mountain peak in the Asiago tableland, near the Asiago Astrophysical Observatory. The wild mountain range is a trekking favorite for local astronomers
Erasmus (1466–1536), a Dutch humanist. He was the son of a priest and became a priest himself. In 1517 he was released by the pope from his holy vows, becoming an advisor to the emperor Charles V. He published papers critical of the practices of the Church; eventually he became the father of European humanism. He translated the classics, books of the church fathers and the New Testament into Latin in a critical way. His collection of proverbs helped shed new light on ancient literature and influenced religion, art and sciences
Ulrich Zwingli (1484–1531), a Swiss reformer of the church. He was originally a Catholic priest, but under the influence of the books of Erasmus and Luther he felt the need for reform. In 1523 he broke with the bishop, married and became a fervent puritan. For him the holy communion was only a symbolic celebration, and in this respect he did not agree with Luther. Zwingli died in a fight against the catholic cantons as a clergyman of the reformed soldiers.
Carl Bernard Pilcher, American astronomer who directs NASA's Solar System Exploration Program. While at M.I.T. and the University of Hawaii, Pilcher studied Jupiter's atmosphere and satellites, especially Io's interaction with Jupiter's magnetosphere, using ground-based telescopes. He has been a member of the imaging team of the Galileo mission to Jupiter since 1977. Pilcher has also studied international relations, sponsored by the MacArthur Foundation, at Princeton's Woodrow Wilson School, and with the skills he acquired worked at the Office of Space Science at NASA headquarters. He undertook strategic planning and other responsibilities at NASA prior to joining the planetary program during a time of unprecedented resurgence of planetary spacecraft launches. Citation written by C. R. Chapman.
Yakov Semenovich Lapovok (born 1932) is a radio engineer and inventor, scientific secretary of the A. S. Popov Museum at St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University
Timothy Halbrook (born 1959), American mechanical engineer who received NASA's Exceptional Public Service Medal and Exception Public Achievement Medal. He is the Proposal and Phase B Program Manager of the Lucy mission (Src).
Gigi Proietti (1940–2020) was an Italian theater actor, comedian, film actor and director, voice actor, singer, artistic director and director of Italian dubbing. He was a great mentor for many young actors. Name suggested by M. Di Martino.
Viola Laurenti (born 2015) is the first granddaughter of Mario Di Martino, astronomer at the Turin Astrophysical Observatory and colleague and friend of the discoverers.
Jamie Gilmour (born 1964) is an isotope cosmochemist at the University of Manchester (UK). He develops novel instrumentation to study the origin and evolution of meteorites using xenon isotopic signatures.
George Plimpton (1927–2003) was an American author, editor, actor and all-round Renaissance man. As the founding editor of the Paris Review, he fostered the careers of many now-famous writers. A giant in the world of participatory journalism, he chronicled his exploits as an amateur in many fields, especially professional sports
René Magritte (1898–1967), Belgian painter and surrealist artist. In the 1930s composed his Magritte dictionary, placing ordinary objects, such as apples, stones and pipes, in a surrealistic context, thereby aiming to surprise and alienate. The philosophy of his work may best be summarized as "creating the unknown with known things". Citation written by K. Leterme at the request of the discoverer.
Michael Magee (born 1958) has had a distinguished career with the University of Arizona's Flandrau Science Center and Planetarium since 1980. Throughout two decades Magee has been largely responsible for the planetarium's production of astronomy shows and its outreach program.
Erich Meyer (born 1951), an Austrian engineer and amateur astronomer. This minor planet was named on the occasion of his 20th anniversary as an astrometricist. Using a measuring engine he constructed himself, Meyer measured about 250 precise positions of minor planets and comets from photographic plates. Among the 2600 positions he derived after switching to CCD equipment in 1993 are some for the 1997 opposition of this object, thereby rendering it appropriate for numbering. An electrical engineer by profession, Meyer is also a well-known astrophotographer and popularizer of astronomy.
Anti-Nazi resistance group formed in 1942 in Silesia at the Kreisau farm, the family estate of H. J. Graf von Moltke. The members of the group, called Kreisauer Kreis
Mary Leakey (1913–1996), her husband Louis Leakey (1903–1972), and their son Richard Leakey (born 1944), all major figures in the paleoanthropology of Africa
Carl Egon Koppeschaar, Dutch science writer and reporter in the Netherlands. He is internationally known for popularizing astrophysics and space science, for debunking pseudoscience, and for taking action against light pollution. His Moon Handbook: a 21st-Century Travel Guide is a delight.
Gennadii Ivanovich Pinigin (born 1943), Russian astronomer, director of the Nikolaev Astronomical Observatory. A prominent specialist in fundamental astrometry and astronomical instrument-making, he made a valuable contribution to the creation of new types of meridian instruments at the Pulkovo and Nikolaev observatories.
Katie Oakman (born 1964) American mechanical engineer and Spacecraft Structures and Mechanisms Lead of the Lucy mission. She also oversaw the construction of Lucy's 7.3-meter photovoltaic array.
Leif Festin (born 1967), a Swedish astronomer. This minor planet was named to celebrate the completion of his Ph.D. thesis on the faint end of the luminosity function. He assisted with photometric observations of minor planets while he was working at the Nordic Optical Telescope on La Palma. He is co-author of several publications on lightcurves of minor planets.
John Bridges (born 1966), based at the University of Leicester, is an expert on the mineralogy and petrology of martian meteorites, chondritic meteorites and cometary material returned by the Stardust mission. He has been a participating scientist in Mars Science Laboratory rover mission.
Maltese politician Cyrus EngererMember of the European ParliamentCyrus EngererMember of the European ParliamentIncumbentAssumed office 5 November 2020 Personal detailsBorn (1981-09-28) 28 September 1981 (age 42)Tas-Sliema, MaltaPolitical partyLabour Party (2011–present)Nationalist Party (2003–2011)SpouseRandolph De BattistaAlma materCollege of Europe University of MaltaKnown forCivil Rights & Environmental ActivistCommitteesCommittee on the Environment, Public Health and Food...
Gaston Thorn, Prime Minister The Thorn-Vouel-Berg Government was the government of Luxembourg between 15 June 1974 and 16 July 1979. It was led by, and named after, Prime Minister Gaston Thorn. Throughout the term, Thorn's Democratic Party formed a coalition with the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party (LSAP). At first, the Deputy Prime Minister was Raymond Vouel, but he left to become European Commissioner in 1976, and was replaced by Bernard Berg. The Ministry was formed after the election ...
Genus of carnivores This article is about the genus of canines. For other uses, see Canis (disambiguation). CanisTemporal range: 5.332–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Miocene to present[1] 1st row: wolf (C. lupus),dog (C. familiaris);2nd row: red wolf (C. rufus),eastern wolf (C. lycaon);3rd row: coyote (C. latrans),golden jackal (C. aureus);4th row: Ethiopian wolf (C. simensis),African wolf (C. lupaster). Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum...
John Everett Millais' Kemenangan Ya Tuhan! (1871) menggambarkan Musa mengangkat tangannya selama Pertempuran dari Rafidim, dibantu oleh Hur (kiri) dan Harun. Hur (Ibrani: חור) adalah seorang sahabat Musa dan Harun sebagaimana dicatat dalam Alkitab Ibrani atau Perjanjian Lama di Alkitab Kristen. Dia adalah anggota dari Suku Yehuda. Identitasnya masih belum jelas dalam Taurat itu sendiri, tetapi diuraikan dalam komentari kerabian. Orang lain bernama Hur juga disebutkan dalam Alkitab. Hur...
Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento LGBT è priva o carente di note e riferimenti bibliografici puntuali. Sebbene vi siano una bibliografia e/o dei collegamenti esterni, manca la contestualizzazione delle fonti con note a piè di pagina o altri riferimenti precisi che indichino puntualmente la provenienza delle informazioni. Puoi migliorare questa voce citando le fonti più precisamente. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. La Lista lesbica italiana al Gay pride di Bari (2...
The Duke of York Side viewThe Duke of York is a former coaching inn at Ganwick Corner on the section of the Great North Road now known as Barnet Road, between Chipping Barnet and Potters Bar. It is grade II listed.[1] The pub was licensed in 1752.[2] References ^ Historic England. Duke of York (1103566). National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 19 November 2016. ^ A History of the County of Middlesex, Vol. 5, p. 278. External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to ...
Lambang Pomerania. Pomerania (Polandia: Pomorze, Jerman: Pommern dan Pommerellen) adalah sebuah daerah di Eropa Tengah yang saat ini terbagi di antara Jerman dan Polandia. Pomerania Barat berada di Jerman dan Pomerania Timur berada di Polandia. Sungai Oder membelah wilayah ini menjadi dua bagian. Selain itu ada pula Pomerania kecil (Pommerellen) di Polandia di sekitar kota Gdansk. Sejarah modern Pomerania di Kekaisaran Jerman (berwarna merah). Sebelah kiri adalah Pomerania sejati sedangkan se...
烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/（英文） 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表（英语：Representatives of the President of Ukraine） 总...
يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (فبراير 2016) النمسا في الألعاب الأولمبية علم النمسا رمز ل.أ.د. AUT ل.أ.و. اللجنة الأولمبية النمساويةرابط إضاف...
This article is about the privately built tower. For the nearby coastal watchtower, see Wardija Tower. Fortified house in Żurrieq, MaltaBubaqra TowerTorri ta' BubaqraView of Bubaqra TowerGeneral informationStatusIntactTypeFortified houseLocationBubaqra, Żurrieq, MaltaCoordinates35°49′30.6″N 14°28′33″E / 35.825167°N 14.47583°E / 35.825167; 14.47583Completedc. 1579Renovated18th centuryOwnerPolly Fry[1]Technical detailsMaterialLimestoneWebsitewww.bub...
Rugby teamKyuden Voltex 九州電力キューデンヴォルテクスFull nameKyuden VoltexUnionJapan Rugby Football UnionNickname(s)VoltexFounded1951LocationFukuoka, JapanGround(s)Kashii, Fukuoka cityCoach(es)Zane HiltonLeague(s)Japan Rugby League One, Division Three20224th Team kit Kyuden Voltex is a Japanese rugby team owned by Kyushu Electric Power Co. (Kyūshū Denryoku). The nickname Voltex is a conflation of Voltage and Techniques and was decided after the team won promotion to the Top...
Для улучшения этой статьи желательно: Найти и оформить в виде сносок ссылки на независимые авторитетные источники, подтверждающие написанное.Проставить сноски, внести более точные указания на источники.Подтвердить значимость предмета статьи согласно критериям значим...
Washington SummitReagan and Gorbachev in the White HouseHost country United StatesDateDecember 8–10, 1987Venue(s)White HouseCitiesWashington, D.C.Participants Mikhail Gorbachev Ronald ReaganFollowsReykjavík SummitPrecedesMoscow Summit (1988) The Washington Summit of 1987 was a Cold War-era meeting between United States president Ronald Reagan and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev that took place on December 8–10. Reagan and Gorbachev disc...
Sei Nazioni 20092009 RBS Six Nations Championship Logo della competizione Competizione Sei Nazioni Sport Rugby a 15 Edizione 115ª Organizzatore Six Nations Rugby Ltd Date dal 7 febbraio 2009al 21 marzo 2009 Luogo Galles, Inghilterra, Scozia, Irlanda, Francia e Italia Partecipanti 6 Formula girone unico Risultati Vincitore Irlanda(19º titolo) Calcutta Cup Inghilterra Grande Slam Irlanda Triple Crown Irlanda Trofeo Garibaldi Francia Whitewash Italia Statistiche Miglior giocatore...
Aerial refueling tanker based on Lockheed Martin C-130 KC-130 A KC-130J from VMGR-252 flies over the Mediterranean Sea, 15 June 2014 Role Tanker (aircraft) / Transport, Overwatch / Ground support ((Harvest HAWK variant)).Type of aircraft National origin United States Manufacturer LockheedLockheed Martin Introduction KC-130F: 1962KC-130R: 1976KC-130T: 1983KC-130J: April 2004 Retired KC-130F (2006)KC-130R (2007)KC-130T (2021) Status Active Primary users United States Marine CorpsRoyal Cana...
Rosena Allin-KhanAllin-Khan pada 2019 Menteri Kabinet Bayangan untuk Kesehatan MentalPetahanaMulai menjabat 6 April 2020PemimpinKeir StarmerPendahuluBarbara Keeley (Kesehatan Mental dan Pelayanan Sosial)PenggantiPetahanaMenteri Bayangan untuk OlahragaMasa jabatan9 Oktober 2016 – 14 Januari 2020PemimpinJeremy CorbynPendahuluClive EffordPenggantiCatherine WestAnggota Parlemenuntuk TootingPetahanaMulai menjabat 16 Juni 2016PendahuluSadiq KhanPenggantiPetahanaMayoritas14,307 (2...
New York City Subway station in Manhattan New York City Subway station in Manhattan, New York Bowery New York City Subway station (rapid transit)Station statisticsAddressBowery & Delancey StreetNew York, NYBoroughManhattanLocaleLower East Side, Little ItalyCoordinates40°43′13″N 73°59′39″W / 40.720299°N 73.994079°W / 40.720299; -73.994079DivisionB (BMT)[1]Line BMT Nassau Street LineServices J (...
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Sault. Sault Vue générale du village. Blason Administration Pays France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur Département Vaucluse Arrondissement Carpentras Intercommunalité Communauté de communes Ventoux Sud(siège) Maire Mandat Claude Labro 2020-2026 Code postal 84390 Code commune 84123 Démographie Gentilé Saltésiens, Saltésiennes Populationmunicipale 1 354 hab. (2021 ) Densité 12 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 44° 05′&#...
