The company was established in December 2006, and made its first flight on 7 November 2007.[2] It replaced Air Mauritanie, the former national airline, which had suffered from prolonged financial difficulties and had been liquidated in October of the same year.[3][4]
In November 2010, the airline was banned from European airspace by the European Commission, quoting "persisting deficiencies in its operations and maintenance",[5] thus losing the rights to continue its scheduled services to Paris-Orly Airport, France and Gran Canaria Airport, Spain. Subsequently, Mauritania Airways discontinued all flights and went out of service on 23 December 2010.[6]
On 28 July 2010 at 01:30 local time, Mauritania Airways Flight 620 from Dakar, Senegal to Conakry, Guinea, which was operated using a Boeing 737-700 (registered TS-IEA), overran the runway upon landing in heavy rain at Conakry International Airport. Approximately 10 persons amongst the 91 passengers and six crew members on board suffered injuries, but there were no fatalities, even though the aircraft was substantially damaged and declared a hull loss; the first of a Boeing 737-700.[10]