Made in Canada (French: Fabriqué au Canada) and Product of Canada (Produit du Canada) are certification marks designating a claim that Canada is the country of origin of a good. A product label for that good may use these marks, or a qualified version, to present that claim to consumers. The certification marks are voluntary within Canada but may be required on exported goods, to comply with the laws of the country of export.
The most recent domestic regulations came into force on 1 January 2009.[1] These state that the last substantial transformation of the good must occur in Canada and that a minimum percentage of the total direct costs of creation must be incurred in Canada: 51% for "Made in Canada" and 98% for "Product of Canada" marking. The legislation is enforced domestically by the Competition Bureau, the Canada Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and Health Canada.
Product labels may use the term "Product of Canada" if at least 98 percent of the total direct costs to create the good are incurred in Canada.[2] This includes "all or virtually all" of the ingredients, components, processing, labour, and manufacturing costs.[1] Moreover, the "last substantial transformation" must have been executed in Canada, with the product being processed from its constituent ingredients or components into a new product.[2][1][note 1] The claim "Canadian" is considered equivalent to "Product of Canada" and must meet the same requirements,[3] as do implied declarations like "Proudly Canadian" or "Buy Canadian" and Canadian symbols like the flag or maple leaf.[4]
For a product to have a "Made in Canada" label, it must also satisfy the "last substantial transformation" criterion, with at least 51 percent of the total direct costs of the product's creation occurring in Canada.[2]
A food product made in Canada using ingredients imported from other countries must use qualifying statements on labels, such as "Made in Canada with imported ingredients",[1] or "Made in Canada from domestic and imported ingredients" if it also includes ingredients from Canadian sources.[3][5]
Other labels with less stringent Canadian content thresholds include "Canned in Canada", "Distilled in Canada", "Packaged in Canada", "Prepared in Canada", "Processed in Canada", "Refined in Canada", "Roasted in Canada", and many others that may specify the type of processing that occurred in Canada for the final good.[1][3]
Before 2018, labels for imported produce were required to include all countries of origin for the contents contained in the package, per the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Regulations.[1][note 2] In 2019, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) initiated a public consultation for potential changes to the "Product of Canada" and "Made in Canada" label regulations.[5]
The term "100% Canadian" may only be used as a label on products for which all ingredients are sourced in Canada, and all processing and labour occurs in Canada.[3]
In April 2020, the CFIA temporarily suspended low-risk activities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, including relaxing enforcement of labelling guidelines for food products so long as the products meet Canadian food safety standards, do not make false or deceptive claims, and include a specified set of labelling data.[7]
Products being exported from Canada must meet the requirements of the importing country for marks and labelling, which may differ from Canada's domestic guidelines.[3]
Canadian legislation regarding country-of-origin marks began in the late 19th century in response to import laws and practices of Great Britain and the United States.[8][9][note 3] Charles Tupper said during this period that protection of domestic industry was the "national policy",[10] and legislation had the aims of preventing fraud and benefiting industry without becoming a hindrance.[8] For example, the Dairy Products Act, 1893, prohibited any cheese or butter being marked "Canada" unless it was made in Canada.[note 4] Following thorough consultation with industry stakeholders, the Dairy Act, 1897, required producers to register and to mark with "Canada" or "Canadian" all cheese or butter intended for export.[8]
Regulations addressed consumers with the 1970 Consumer Packaging and Labeling Act,[note 5] which prohibits any false or misleading representation likely to deceive a consumer. This specifically includes claims of product origin.[12] Administration came under the authority of the Competition Bureau, the law-enforcement arm of the Department of Industry.[13] The Bureau views misinformation and deceptive practises as an unfair advantage in the marketplace, and does not have a mandate to inform consumers.[14] While it has authority over deceptive marketing across all goods and services, the Bureau has generally allowed the CFIA and Health Canada to enforce the Act with regard to food and drugs.[15]
The Bureau's guideline for Canadian-origin claims was 51% of domestic content, with the product's last substantial transformation in Canada.[16] In July 2010, the Bureau brought in new guidelines drawing a distinction between "Made in Canada" and "Product of Canada", with the latter requiring 98% of the total direct costs to be domestic. Made in Canada claims required a qualifying statement for any imported materials, and the guidelines advised on the use of other terms and national symbols.[16]
The 2010 regulation changes were met with criticism. The 98% threshold did not appear to have significant public support, and a House of Commons committee had recommended an increase to 85% for food products.[16] Bruce Cran, president of Consumers' Association of Canada, felt that the standards would not be understood by most consumers, and that 51% was too low a threshold.[17] Jean-Michel Laurin of business association Canadian Manufacturers & Exporters noted that the supply chains of modern flexible production systems can source materials from different places, and doubted that companies would find it worthwhile to claim Canadian origin.[17] Brad Cherniak of Sapient Capital Partners said that carrying the Made in Canada mark gave no advantage to most products and could be "a public relations nightmare" if a business was forced to remove it.[18]
Professor Walid Hejazi found that it was difficult to determine value-added percentages from each country. He noted that domestic branding and design work could, in some cases, exceed the costs of physical manufacturing overseas, and qualify an otherwise foreign product for a Made in Canada mark.[19] Robert Ott, chair of Ryerson University's School of Fashion, felt that Made in Canada labels on clothing were misleading and more about marketing and perception than reality, noting that Canada no longer manufactures the textiles from which clothing is made.[20]
A 2017 documentary series My life Made in Canada [fr] followed journalist Frédéric Choinière as he sought to live for a year entirely on Made in Canada or Product of Canada goods.[note 6] He found it to be easier than he had thought, with his most difficult and time-consuming decisions related to food.[21]
Fraudulent use of a "Made in Canada" label may lead to penalties or fines. A company making fraudulent claims about the Canadian origin of goods may incur fines of up to $10 million, and an individual may incur fines of up to $750,000.[2]
In a 2005 report commissioned by the Canadian Agri-Food Policy Institute, the second most-cited issue by interviewed horticulture stakeholders involved claims of fraudulent quality or origin labelling.[22]
In 2017, food supply company Mucci International Marketing was fined $1.5 million by the Canada Food Inspection Agency, $3.2 million by the not-for-profit greenhouse industry trade group Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Growers, and placed on probation for five years for making fraudulent claims about the origin of some of its vegetables.[23]
A study published by the Business Development Bank of Canada in October 2013 stated that, of consumers who purchased local produce, most did so to support the local economy, support local farms, and create local jobs.[19] About 30 percent of respondents stated they were willing to pay a premium of up to 15 percent for Canadian produce.[19]
In 2014, the federal government formed a private-sector steering committee to develop a privately funded Made in Canada branding campaign. Finance Minister Jim Flaherty consulted with the leaders of the successful Australian Made campaign.[24] Economics professor Dan Trefler called the branding campaign "nothing but political pandering", and unlikely to further change the minds of domestic shoppers or foreign importers.[25]
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada conducted a food industry survey to determine why the labels "Product of Canada" and "Made in Canada" was not widely used by Canadian food producers, stating that respondents found the "threshold was too restrictive when minor ingredients" were involved in the production.[5][note 7]
The proposal to update the regulations is also intended as part of a broader strategy to create a Canada brand for agricultural products.[5]
{{cite book}}
|work=
متحف السكة الحديدمعلومات عامةنوع المبنى هيكل معماري — railway museum (en) المنطقة الإدارية القاهرة البلد مصر معلومات أخرىالإحداثيات 30°03′49″N 31°14′57″E / 30.063528°N 31.249067°E / 30.063528; 31.249067 تعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات قطار الوالى محمد سعيد باشا متحف السكة الحديد تم …
Yaeyama八重山物言/ヤイマムニ Yaimamuni Falado(a) em: JapãoRegião: Ilhas Yaeyama Total de falantes: 47600 (2000)[1] Família: Japônica Ryukyuana Ryukyuan Meridional Macro-Yaeyama Yaeyama Códigos de língua ISO 639-1: -- ISO 639-2: --- ISO 639-3: rys A língua yaeyama (八重山物言/ヤイマムニ, Yaimamuni) é um língua Ryukyuan do Sul falada nas Ilhas Yaeyama, o grupo de ilhas habitadas mais meridional do Japão…
انتهاكات مسندة إلى صدام حسينالمعلومات الشخصيةاسم الميلادصدام حسين عبد المجيد الناصريالمهنةرئيس جمهورية العراقمواليد28 أبريل 1937العوجة، العراقالوفاة30 ديسمبر 2006 (69 سنة)الكاظمية، العراقسبب الوفاةالإعدام شنقاالعقوبةالإعدام شنقاالشريك القائمة .. علي حسن المجيد · عواد …
American financier (1840–1931) George Fisher BakerPresident of First National Bank of New YorkIn office1877–1909Preceded bySamuel C. ThompsonSucceeded byFrancis L. Hine Personal detailsBorn(1840-03-27)March 27, 1840Troy, New York, U.S.DiedMay 2, 1931(1931-05-02) (aged 91)New York City, U.S.CitizenshipAmericanSpouseFlorence Tucker BakerChildrenEvelyn Baker Florence Bellows Baker George Fisher Baker Jr.Known forFinancial acumen; philanthropy[1] George Fisher Baker (March 27, 1840 …
KDKA-TVPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaKotaPittsburghSaluranDigital: 25 (UHF)Virtual: 2 (PSIP)BrandingKDKA; CBS News Pittsburgh (general)SloganYour Home (general)Your Home for Local News (news)Your Steeler StationPemrogramanAfiliasiCBS (secondary until 1955)KepemilikanPemilikCBS Corporation (CBS Broadcasting, Inc.)Stasiun seindukKDKA, KDKA-FM, WBZZ, WDSY-FM, WPCWRiwayatSiaran perdanaJanuary 11, 1949Bekas tanda panggilWDTV (1949-1955)Bekas nomor kanalAnalog:3 (VHF, 1949-1952)2 (VHF, 1952-2009)Bekas afili…
VetrimaaranLahirVetrimaaran4 September 1975 (umur 48)Cuddalore, Tamil NaduPekerjaanSutradara, Produser dan PenulisTahun aktif2007 – sekarang Vetrimaaran (Tamil: வெற்றிமாறன்) adalah seorang sutradara India, yang berkarya dalam industri film Tamil. Ia membuat debut penyutradaraan dengan film Polladhavan (2007). Film fitur keduanya Aadukalam (2011) memenangkan lima Penghargaan Film Nasional, dengan Vetrimaaran meraih dua penghargaan untuk Penyutradaraan Terbaik…
Bilateral relationsMexico-Portugal relations Mexico Portugal Mexico–Portugal relations are the diplomatic relations between Mexico and Portugal. Both nations are members of the Organization of Ibero-American States, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations. History The first official diplomatic contacts between Mexico and Portugal took place in 1843 in when ambassadors of both nations met in Washington, D.C. Diplomatic relations were not established officia…
Canon SLR EF mount prime lens The Canon EF 35mm lenses are a family of wide angle prime lenses with EF mount made by Canon Inc. The family also includes one EF-S lens that only mounts on Canon bodies with APS-C sensors. Focal lengths at 35mm or less are considered wide angle on 135 film and full-frame digital bodies. This focal length is commonly used for group portraits, landscapes, street photography, and general purpose photography, due to its relatively wide-angle views and low distortion ch…
Austronesian language spoken in Maluku, Indonesia This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Haruku language – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2023) HarukuNative toIndonesiaRegionHaruku Island, MoluccasNative speakers(20,000 cited 1989)[1]Language familyAustronesian…
2005 single by McFly I'll Be OKCD1 singleSingle by McFlyfrom the album Wonderland Released15 August 2005 (2005-08-15)[1]Length3:22Label Island Universal Songwriter(s) Tom Fletcher Danny Jones Dougie Poynter Producer(s)Hugh PadghamMcFly singles chronology All About You / You've Got a Friend(2005) I'll Be OK (2005) I Wanna Hold You (2005) I'll Be OK is a song by English pop rock band McFly. It was released on 15 August 2005 as the second single from their second studio album…
Charrua is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. As of 2020, the estimated population was 3,252.[1] See also List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul References ^ IBGE 2020 vte Municipalities of Rio Grande do SulCapital: Porto AlegreMesoregion Centro Ocidental Rio-GrandenseRestinga Seca Agudo Dona Francisca Faxinal do Soturno Formigueiro Ivorá Nova Palma Restinga Seca São João do Polêsine Silveira Martins Santa Maria Cacequi Dilermando de Aguiar Itaara Jaguari …
Memorable motto or phrase used in social movements & advertisements For other uses, see Slogan (disambiguation). This usage section relies excessively on references to primary sources. Please improve this usage section by adding secondary or tertiary sources. Find sources: Slogan – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) In 1995, FDA's assertion of authority to regulate tobacco d…
Diagram of the L2L3M45 Coster-Kronig and M2M3M45 super Coster-Kronig decay processes for a 3d transition metal atom. The Coster–Kronig transition is a special case of the Auger process in which the vacancy is filled by an electron from a higher subshell of the same shell. If, in addition, the electron emitted (the Auger electron) also belongs to the same shell, one calls this a super Coster–Kronig transition. The Coster–Kronig process is named after the physicists Dirk Coster a…
Five Science Fiction Novels Dust-jacket from the first edition.EditorMartin GreenbergCover artistFrank Kelly FreasCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishGenreScience fictionPublisherGnome PressPublication date1952Media typePrint (hardback)Pages282 Five Science Fiction Novels is a 1952 anthology of five science fiction novellas edited by Martin Greenberg. The stories originally appeared in the magazines Unknown and Astounding SF. Contents But Without Horns, by Norvell W. Page Destiny Times …
Zie Hamburg (doorverwijspagina) voor andere betekenissen van Hamburg. HamburgFreie und Hansestadt Hamburg Deelstaat van Duitsland Hamburger Rathaus (Details) Kaart Locatie van Hamburg in Duitsland Coördinaten 53°33'NB, 10°0'OL Basisgegevens Hoofdstad Hamburg Oppervlakte 755,264 km² Bevolking (31-12-2020) 1.904.444[1] Bevolkingsdichtheid 2522 inw./km² Migratieachtergrond (31-12-2018[2]) 607.000 (31,96%) Buitenlanders (31-12-2018) 302.265 (15,87%) Nederlanders (31-12-2018) 2.6…
Hampstead & Westminster Hockey ClubFull nameHampstead & Westminster Hockey ClubFounded1894Home groundPaddington Recreation GroundMaida ValeLondonManagerWill Packer (Men's 1st Team) Anna Johnson (Women's 1st Team)CoachKwan Browne (Men's 1st Team) Kate Richardson-Walsh and Sarah Kelleher (Women's 1st Team)LeagueMen's England Hockey LeagueWomen's England Hockey LeagueLondon Hockey LeagueSouth Hockey LeagueWebsitewww.hwhc.co.uk Hampstead & Westminster Hockey Club is a field hockey club b…
В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Белоусов. Запрос «Белоусов, Евгений» перенаправляется сюда; см. также другие значения. Женя Белоусов Женя Белоусов в 1991 году Основная информация Имя при рождении Евгений Викторович Белоусов Дата рождения 10 сентября…
صفاقةمعلومات عامةنوع المبنى موقع أثري تاريخيالمكان منطقة الرياض - محافظة الدوادميالبلد السعوديةالانتماء العصر الحجري القديم أشولينيةتعديل - تعديل مصدري - تعديل ويكي بيانات صفاقة تقع جنوب شرق محافظة الدوادمي على بعد 280 كم من مدينة الرياض وسط المملكة العربية السعودية. هي …
Lists of Italian films 1910s 1910 1911 1912 1913 19141915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920s 1920 1921 1922 1923 19241925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930s 1930 1931 1932 1933 19341935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940s 1940 1941 1942 1943 19441945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950s 1950 1951 1952 1953 19541955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960s 1960 1961 1962 1963 19641965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970s 1970 1971 1972 1973 19741975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980s 1980 1981 1982 1983 19841985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990s 1990 1991 1992 1993 19941995 19…
Basketball team in Gdynia, PolandArka GdyniaLeagueEnerga Basket Liga KobietFounded1946ArenaGdynia Arena(capacity: 4,010)LocationGdynia, PolandTeam colorsYellow and Blue President Bogusław WitkowskiHead coach Gundars Vētra Arka Gdynia is a Polish professional women's basketball club based in Gdynia. With 13 Polish Championships and 10 Polish Cups won (as of 2022), it is one of the country's most accomplished women's basketball clubs. It plays in the Energa Basket Liga Kobiet, the hi…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 18.118.137.96