M-139 (Michigan highway)

M-139 marker
M-139
Map
M-139 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by MDOT
Length26.487 mi[1] (42.627 km)
ExistedSeptember 22, 1929[2][3]–present
Major junctions
South end US 12 near Niles
Major intersections I-94 near Benton Harbor
North end BL I-94 in Benton Harbor
Location
CountryUnited States
StateMichigan
CountiesBerrien
Highway system
← M-138→ M-140

M-139 is a state trunkline highway entirely within Berrien County in the US state of Michigan. The highway starts at US Highway 12 (US 12) southwest of Niles and runs through rural areas of the county to terminate at an intersection with Business Loop Interstate 94 (BL I-94) in Benton Harbor. The highway runs parallel to the St. Joseph River, crossing the river several times as it follows a set of roads previously used for US 31 in the area. The highway was first designated in the 1930s as a bypass of the Benton Harbor and St. Joseph area. Its termini have been moved over the years since, extending and contracting the length of the highway between Niles and Benton Harbor. M-139 now serves to provide access through the area from a set of bypasses consisting of I-94 and US 31.

Route description

M-139 begins at a junction with US 12 southwest of Niles in Bertrand Township. The highway travels northeasterly along Chicago Road through farm fields and residential neighborhoods. The trunkline turns north along Lincoln Avenue and then east on Main Street to run into downtown Niles. Main Street crosses the St. Joseph River, and at the intersection with Front Street, M-139 turns north along that street whose name becomes "Old US 31" at the Niles city limit. The highway runs parallel to the river as both exit the downtown area. M-139 turns toward the northwest on the outskirts of town, running through farm fields. The trunkline passes Webster and Long lakes as it crosses mixed forest and residential areas between Niles and Berrien Springs.[4][5]

M-139 in Fair Plain, near Benton Harbor

Entering Berrien Springs, M-139 curves around part of Lake Chapin. North of the dam that forms Lake Chapin from the St. Joseph River, the highway follows Ferry Street to the southwest to cross the river. In downtown Berrien Springs, the trunkline then turns northwesterly along St. Joseph Avenue to pass Andrews University. Northwest of the college, M-139 crosses US 31 (St. Joseph Valley Parkway). From there the highway travels northwesterly through Royalton Township through farm fields parallel to the St. Joseph River. M-139 follows Niles Road to the community of Scottdale where it turns northward along Scottdale Road at an intersection with M-63. M-139 crosses the St. Joseph River one last time south of the interchange with I-94 at its exit 28; M-139 then passes through the community of Fair Plain and enters the eastern edge of Benton Harbor. Before terminating at BL I-94 (Main Street) in Benton Harbor, the highway splits into a one-way pair just north of Empire Avenue. Northbound traffic is routed along Martin Luther King Drive while southbound traffic flows on Fair Avenue.[4][5]

M-139 is maintained by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) like other state highways in Michigan. As a part of these maintenance responsibilities, the department tracks the volume of traffic that uses the roadways under its jurisdiction. These volumes are expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic, which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway. MDOT's surveys in 2011 showed that the highest traffic levels along M-139 were the 12,248 vehicles daily between the intersections with Fairland and Deans Hill/Pokagon roads south of Berrien Springs; the lowest counts were the 1,576 vehicles per day in downtown Niles.[6] The only section of M-139 that have been listed on the National Highway System (NHS) is from the interchange with US 31 northward.[7] The NHS is a network of roads important to the country's economy, defense, and mobility.[8]

History

M-139 was designated as a state trunkline by 1931 from US 31 at Scottdale to US 12 in Benton Harbor.[2][3] In late 1953 or early 1954 M-139 was extended westward along US 12 and then northward along Paw Paw Avenue to meet a new bypass routing of US 31 north of Benton Harbor.[9][10] US 31 was rerouted to follow what is now the I-196 freeway in 1963. At that time, US 31 was then routed along I-94 and M-139 to Scottdale.[11][12] The following year, the concurrency was removed when M-139 was truncated to end at I-94/US 31.[12][13] The northern extension on Paw Paw Avenue was turned back to local control, truncating the northern end of M-139 to the intersection with BL I-94 (previously US 12).[14][15]

Plans for M-139 to be extended on a new east-west facility north of downtown Benton Harbor were halted in 1965 when the city and the state disagreed on how best to traverse a railroad;[16] the project had been canceled by February 21, 1966.[17]

On August 27, 2003, the St. Joseph Valley Parkway freeway carrying US 31 was completed from northwest of Berrien Springs (exit 15) to Napier Avenue near Benton Harbor (exit 24).[18] The former section of M-139 replaced by US 31 was once again designated M-139, with M-139 extending further along the former US 31 to the freeway's exit 15.[19][20] In 2008, M-139 was planned to extend southerly to end at Main Street (Business US 12, Bus. US 12) in Niles along the unsigned state trunkline OLD US 31 and Bus. US 31,[21] but after the City of Niles announced its plan to take over maintenance of the section of East Main Street between Front Street/Bus. US 31 and Fifth Street/M-51 in order to ban trucks,[22] the plan was revised to extend M-139 further south, replacing the Bus. US 12 designation southwesterly to US 12. The extension was executed on March 5, 2010,[23][24][25] prior to route marker installation.[26]

Major intersections

The entire highway is in Berrien County.

Locationmi[1]kmDestinationsNotes
Bertrand Township0.0000.000 US 12 – Sturgis, New Buffalo
Niles Township4.7307.612
 M-140 north – Watervliet, South Haven
6.45510.388
 Walton Road to US 31		Former Bus. US 31
Oronoko Township14.81423.841 US 31 (St. Joseph Valley Parkway) – Benton Harbor, South BendExit 15 on US 31
Scottdale21.26934.229
 M-63 north – St. Joseph
Fair Plain23.02837.060 I-94 – Detroit, ChicagoExit 28 on I-94
Benton Harbor26.48742.627 BL I-94
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Michigan Department of Transportation (2021). Next Generation PR Finder (Map). Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 11, 2021.
  2. ^ a b Michigan State Highway Department & Rand McNally (July 1, 1931). Official Highway Service Map (Map). [c. 1:840,000]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § N7. OCLC 12701053. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2016 – via Archives of Michigan.
  3. ^ a b Michigan State Highway Department & Rand McNally (October 1, 1931). Official Highway Service Map (Map). [c. 1:840,000]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § N7. OCLC 12701053.
  4. ^ a b Michigan Department of Transportation (2012). Pure Michigan: State Transportation Map (Map). c. 1:975,000. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. § N7. OCLC 42778335, 794857350.
  5. ^ a b "Overview Map of M-139" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  6. ^ Bureau of Transportation Planning (2008). "Traffic Monitoring Information System". Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved April 8, 2011.
  7. ^ Michigan Department of Transportation (2005). National Highway System: Benton Harbor–St. Joseph (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Retrieved October 7, 2008.
  8. ^ Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (September 26, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved January 1, 2013.
  9. ^ Michigan State Highway Department (October 1, 1953). Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Benton Harbor–St. Joseph inset. OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  10. ^ Michigan State Highway Department (April 15, 1954). Michigan Water Wonderland: Official Highway Map (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Benton Harbor–St. Joseph inset. OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  11. ^ Michigan State Highway Department (1963). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. §§ M7–N7. OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  12. ^ a b Michigan State Highway Department (1964). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. §§ M7–N7. OCLC 12701120, 81213707. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  13. ^ Michigan State Highway Department (1965). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § N7. OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  14. ^ Michigan Department of State Highways & H.M. Gousha (1969). Michigan, Great Lake State: Official Highway Map (Map). c. 1:190,080. Lansing: Michigan Department of State Highways. Benton Harbor–St. Joseph inset. OCLC 12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  15. ^ Michigan Department of State Highways (1970). Michigan, Great Lake State: Official Highway Map (Map). c. 1:190,080. Lansing: Michigan Department of State Highways. Benton Harbor–St. Joseph inset. OCLC 12701120.
  16. ^ Shanahan, Jim (July 3, 1965). "Rail Overpass Blocks M-139 Relocation". The News-Palladium. Benton Harbor, MI. p. 13. Retrieved July 16, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ "State Abandons Part Of M-139". The News-Palladium. Benton Harbor, MI. February 22, 1966. p. 3. Retrieved July 21, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ Martin, Julie A. (August 27, 2003). "US 31 in Berrien County Opens Today!" (Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on December 25, 2011. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
  19. ^ Michigan Department of Transportation (2003). Michigan: Official Department of Transportation Map (Map) (2003–2004 ed.). c. 1:918,720. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. § N7. OCLC 42778335. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
  20. ^ Michigan Department of Transportation (2004). Michigan: Official Department of Transportation Map (Map) (2003–2004 ed.). c. 1:975,000. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. § N7. OCLC 42778335, 53197160.
  21. ^ Musson, Nickolas (January 25, 2008). "Minutes of the Technical Advisory Committee, January 22, 2008" (PDF). Niles–Buchanan–Cass Area Transportation Study, Southwest Michigan Planning Commission Metropolitan planning organization. p. 4.
  22. ^ Mumford, Lou (November 25, 2008). "Niles Plans to Reroute Trucks". South Bend Tribune. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  23. ^ Michigan Department of Transportation (March 5, 2010). Contract Number 2010-0086. Michigan Department of Transportation.
  24. ^ Schirripa, Nick (April 13, 2010). "US 12 BR Resurfacing in Niles to Start April 19" (Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on December 10, 2010. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  25. ^ Schirripa, Nick (April 22, 2010). "MDOT Meeting to Discuss Replacement of Historic Niles Bridge" (Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
  26. ^ "Forum Set for Bridge Project". The Herald-Palladium. St. Joseph, MI. April 27, 2010. Retrieved April 28, 2010.
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