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Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg (9 June 1660 – 4 May 1694), also known as Ludwig Anton von Rhein zu Neuburg, served as Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights from 1685 and as the Prince-Bishop of Worms from 1691 until his death in 1694.^[1]^[2]

Biography

A member of the House of Wittelsbach, Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg was born in Düsseldorf on 9 June 1660. His father, Philip Wilhelm was at the time Count Palatine of Pfalz-Neuburg and would become Elector Palatine in 1685. His mother was Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt.

As a younger son, Ludwig Anton was groomed for a career in the church from an early age. He was made a canon of Cologne Cathedral (1664), Mainz Cathedral (1668), Strasbourg Cathedral (1669), Speyer Cathedral (1674), and Liège Cathedral (1679). He was also the abbot of Fécamp Abbey from 1674.

He was inducted into the Teutonic Knights on 10 December 1679 and chosen as the coadjutor of the Grand Master six days later. He took part in the 1683 Battle of Vienna and was decorated by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor for his bravery. He succeeded as Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights on 6 September 1684. He subsequently participated in the Battle of Buda (1686), where he was seriously injured.

In 1688, Louis XIV of France succeeded in having the cathedral chapter of Cologne Cathedral elect his client Wilhelm Egon von Fürstenberg to be coadjutor archbishop of Cologne, meaning he would succeed as Archbishop of Cologne upon the death of Maximilian Henry of Bavaria. However, Leopold I prevailed on Pope Innocent XI to veto the appointment, with the pope having Sebastiano Antonio Tanara, the Apostolic Nuncio to Cologne, ensure that the cathedral chapter changed its vote. Ludwig Anton and his brother Count Palatine Francis Louis of Neuburg, who was also a member of the cathedral chapter, subsequently ensured that Louis XIV's candidate could not receive the required two-thirds majority and Joseph Clemens of Bavaria was eventually elected instead.

During the Nine Years' War, Ludwig Anton was a commander during the Siege of Mainz, in the course of which he was shot on 4 August 1689.

On 22 August 1689 he was elected to be the assistant of the Prince-Provost of Ellwangen Abbey. He was selected coadjutor archbishop of Mainz on 19 April 1691, with Pope Innocent XII confirming his appointment on 12 November 1691.

On 12 November 1691 the cathedral chapter of Worms Cathedral elected him to be the new Prince-Bishop of Worms, which had been decimated by the fighting of the Nine Years' War and sought an outsider to help restore the prince-bishopric's fortunes. Innocent XII confirmed his appointment on 9 June 1693. He was ordained as a priest by Anselm Franz von Ingelheim, Archbishop-Elector of Mainz in the Jesuit church in Aschaffenburg on 4 January 1694.

Later in 1694, he was a candidate to become Prince-Bishop of Liège, along with Joseph Clemens of Bavaria. He died in Liège on 4 May 1694 before the election was finalized.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg

16. Wolfgang, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken

8. Philip Louis, Count Palatine of Neuburg

17. Landgravine Anna of Hesse

4. Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg

18. William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg

9. Anna of Cleves

19. Archduchess Maria of Austria

2. Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

20. Albert V, Duke of Bavaria

10. William V, Duke of Bavaria

21. Archduchess Anna of Austria

5. Duchess Magdalene of Bavaria

22. Francis I, Duke of Lorraine

11. Duchess Renata of Lorraine

23. Princess Christina of Denmark and Norway

1. Ludwig Anton von Pfalz-Neuburg

24. George I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

12. Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

25. Countess Magdalene of Lippe

6. George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

26. John George, Elector of Brandenburg

13. Margravine Magdalena of Brandenburg

27. Princess Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst

3. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt

28. Christian I, Elector of Saxony

14. John George I, Elector of Saxony

29. Margravine Sophie of Brandenburg

7. Princess Sophia Eleonore of Saxony

30. Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia

15. Duchess Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia

31. Duchess Marie Eleonore of Cleves

References

^ Vierhaus, Rudolf, ed. (2011). "Ludwig Anton, Pfalzgraf von Neuburg, Hochmeister des Deutschen Ordens, Bischof von Worms". Berlin, New York: K. G. Saur. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
^ Weitlauff, Manfred (1987). "Ludwig Anton". Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German). Vol. 15 (Online ed.). pp. 408–409.

External links

Media related to Louis Anton of Palatinate-Neuburg at Wikimedia Commons

Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Johann Caspar von Ampringen	Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights 1685–1694	Succeeded by Francis Louis of Palatinate-Neuburg
Preceded by Johannes Karl von und zu Franckenstein	Prince-Bishop of Worms 1691–1694	Succeeded by Francis Louis of Palatinate-Neuburg