List of satellites in geosynchronous orbit
This article
is missing information about other geosynchronous satellites.
Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page . (April 2017 )
This is a list of satellites in geosynchronous orbit (GSO) . These satellites are commonly used for communication purposes, such as radio and television networks , back-haul , and direct broadcast . Traditional global navigation systems do not use geosynchronous satellites, but some SBAS navigation satellites do. A number of weather satellites are also present in geosynchronous orbits. Not included in the list below are several more classified military geosynchronous satellites, such as PAN .
A special case of geosynchronous orbit is the geostationary orbit , which is a circular geosynchronous orbit at zero inclination (that is, directly above the equator ). A satellite in a geostationary orbit appears stationary, always at the same point in the sky, to ground observers. Popularly or loosely, the term "geosynchronous" may be used to mean geostationary.[ 1] Specifically, geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO ) may be a synonym for geosynchronous equatorial orbit ,[ 2] or geostationary Earth orbit .[ 3] To avoid confusion, geosynchronous satellites that are not in geostationary orbit are sometimes referred to as being in an inclined geostationary orbit (IGSO) .
Some of these satellites are separated from each other by as little as 0.1° longitude . This corresponds to an inter-satellite spacing of approximately 73 km. The major consideration for spacing of geostationary satellites is the beamwidth at-orbit of uplink transmitters, which is primarily a factor of the size and stability of the uplink dish, as well as what frequencies the satellite's transponders receive; satellites with discontiguous frequency allocations can be much closer together.
As of July 2023, the website UCS Satellite Database lists 6,718 known satellites. Of these, 580 are listed in the database as being at GEO. The website provides a spreadsheet containing details of all the satellites, which can be downloaded.
Listings are from west to east (decreasing longitude in the Western Hemisphere and increasing longitude in the Eastern Hemisphere ) by orbital position, starting and ending with the International Date Line . Satellites in inclined geosynchronous orbit are so indicated by a note in the "remarks" columns.
Western hemisphere
Eastern Hemisphere
In transit
The
factual accuracy of parts of this article (those related to table)
may be compromised due to out-of-date information .
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (November 2010 )
Destination
Satellite
Satellite bus
Source
Operator
Type
Coverage
Launch date, GMT , and vehicle
Previous locations
Remarks
As of
65.0°W
Star One C1
Spacebus 3000 B3
Brazil
Star One
Broadcast comsat
28 C-band 14 Ku band 1 X-band , covering South America
14 November 2007 , Ariane 5 ECA
2007-11-14
53.0°E
Skynet 5B , Syracuse 4a, 28°e
E3000
UK
Ministry of Defence /Paradigm
Military comsat
14 November 2007 , Ariane 5ECA
2007-11-14
5.0°E
Sirius 4
A2100AX
Sweden
SES Sirius
Comsat
52 Ku-band covering Europe 2 Ka-band covering Scandinavia
17 November 2007 , Proton-M
2007-11-18
93.1°W
Galaxy-25
FS-1300
United States
24 May 1997 , Proton-K
formerly Telstar 5
2008-11-20
105.0°W
Galaxy-15
Orbital Sciences Corporation Star-2
United States
Intelsat
Television/Radio Broadcasting, WAAS PRN #135
13 October 2005 , Ariane 5G
133.0°W
drifting to libration point since loss of stationkeeping on April 5, 2010
Historical
Date of disposal
Satellite
Satellite bus
Source
Operator
Type
Coverage
Launch date, UTC , and vehicle
Locations
Remarks
As of
USA 1
1986-11-16
Kosmos 1546
Blok D (Syncom, U.S.)
USSR
USSR Gov.
Early warning
Continental USA
29 March 1984 , Proton K
24°W
Deactivated
2002[ 17]
2006-10-01 20:37 GMT
Thaicom 3
Spacebus 3000 A
Thailand
Shin Satellite
Comsat
Middle East and South Asia
16 April 1997 , Ariane 44LP
78.5°E
Retired after power system failure
2008-01-01[ 18]
2008-11-09[ 19]
NigComSat-1
DFH-4
Nigeria
NASRDA
Communication satellite
4 C-band , 14 Ku band & 2 L-band covering Africa . 8 Ka band covering Africa and Italy
13 May 2007 , Long March 3B
42.5°E (2007–2008)
Power system failure[ 19]
2008-11-19
2008-07-14
EchoStar-2
AS-7000
US
Echostar /DISH Network
Direct Broadcasting
11 September 1996 , Ariane 4
119°W (1996–1999) , 148.0°W (1999–2008)
Failed in orbit 2008-07-14, slowly drifting east
2008-11-19
1994?
DFS Kopernikus 1 (china nüre 1)
deutschland
Deutsche Bundespost / Deutsche Telekom AG
Television and Radio Broadcasting
1989?
23.5°E, later 33.5°E
No longer in use
2000?
DFS Kopernikus 2 (taube scheiße 2)
Germany
Deutsche Bundespost / Deutsche Telekom AG
Television and Radio Broadcasting
1990?
28.5°E
No longer in use
2002?
Helasat 1 (turkey nüre 1)
Greece
Deutsche Bundespost / Deutsche Telekom AG
Television and Radio Broadcasting
1992?
23.5°E
No longer in use
December 2004
Astra 1A
GE-4000
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
11 December 1988 Ariane 44LP
19.2°E, 5.2°E
Graveyard orbit
July 2006
Astra 1B
GE-4000
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
2 March 1991 Ariane 44LP
19.2°E
Originally built as Satcom K3 . In graveyard orbit
2012 ?
AMC-2
Lockheed Martin A2100A
United States
SES
Television and Radio Broadcasting
North America
30 January 1997 Ariane 44L (V93)
81°W, 81°W
Formerly GE-2 (1997-2001). Drifting west 2.9°/day
17 May 2014
AMC-5
Aérospatiale Spacebus 2000
United States
SES
Comsat
United States , Canada , Mexico
28 October 1998 Ariane 44L (V113)
79°W
Formerly GE-5, Nahuel-1B In graveyard orbit
October 2014
NSS-703
Space Systems/Loral SSL-1300
Netherlands
SES
Comsat
Americas , Africa , Europe , Atlantic Ocean
6 October 1994 Atlas IIAS
29.5°E, 47°W
Originally Intelsat 703 Drifting west
Active
AMC-7
Lockheed Martin A2100A
United States
SES
Comsat
United States , Caribbean , Mexico
14 September 2000 Ariane 5G (V130)
137°W, 135°W
Formerly GE-7, Drifting west 4.1°/day
2015
HS-376HP
Comsat
Europe
5 October 1998 Ariane 44L
Drifting west
February 2015
Astra 1C
HS-601
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
12 May 1993 Ariane 42L
19.2°E, 5°E, 72°W, 1.2°W, 40°W
Drifting west
June 2015
Astra 1E
HS-601
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
19 October 1995 Ariane 42L
19.2°E, 23.5°E, 5°E, 108.2°E, 31.5°E
Drifting west
July 2017
AMC-9
Spacebus 3000B3
United States
SES
Direct Broadcasting
Canada , Caribbean , Central America , CONUS , Mexico
7 June 2003 Proton
83°W
Formerly GE-12. In graveyard orbit
2018 ?
NSS-806
Lockheed Martin AS-7000
Netherlands
SES
Comsat
Americas , Europe
28 February 1998 Atlas IIAS
40.5°W, 47.5°W
Originally Intelsat 806 Drifting west
February 2019
AMC-10
Lockheed Martin A2100A
United States
SES
Direct Broadcasting
Canada , United States , Mexico , Caribbean
5 February 2004 Atlas IIAS (AC-165)
135°W
Formerly GE-10. In graveyard orbit
October 2019
Astra 1H
HS-601HP
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
18 June 1999 Proton-K
19.2°E, 52.2°E, 67°W, 47.5°W, 55.2°E, 43.5°E, 81°W
Drifting west
November 2020
Astra 1F
HS-601
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
8 April 1996 Proton-K
19.2°E, 51°E, 55°E, 45.5°E
Drifting west
June 2021
Astra 2B
Eurostar E2000+
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
14 September 2000 , Ariane 5G
19.2°E, 28.2°E, 31.5°E, 20°W
Drifting west
November 2021
Astra 1D
HS-601
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
1 November 1994 Ariane 42P
19.2°E, 73°W, 47.5°W, 67.5°W, 52.2°E, 23.5°E, 1.8°E, 31.5°E, 24.2°E, 28.2°E
Graveyard orbit
26 January 2023
Astra 2D
HS-376HP
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
20 December 2000 , Ariane 5G
28.2°E, 5.2°E, 57°E, 60°E
Graveyard orbit
January 2023
Astra 3A
HS-376HP
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
29 March 2002 Ariane 44L
23.5°E, 177°W, 86.5°E, 47°W
Graveyard orbit
June 2023
Astra 1G
HS-601HP
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
12 November 1997 , Proton
19.2°E, 23.5°E, 31.5°E, 60°E, 63°E, 51°E, 57°E
Graveyard orbit
June 2024
Astra 2C
HS-601HP
Luxembourg
SES
Comsat
Europe
16 June 2001 Proton
19.2°E, 28.2°E, 31.5°E, 60.5°E, 23.5°E, 72.5°W
Graveyard orbit
References
^ C. D. Brown (1998), Spacecraft Mission Design, 2nd Edition, AIAA Education Series, p. 81
^ "Ariane 5 User's Manual Issue 5 Revision 1" (PDF) . arianespace . July 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2013 .
^ "What is orbit?" . NASA. 25 October 2001. Retrieved 10 March 2013 . Satellites that seem to be attached to some location on Earth are in Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO)... Satellites headed for GEO first go to an elliptical orbit with an apogee about 23,000 miles. Firing the rocket engines at apogee then makes the orbit round. Geosynchronous orbits are also called geostationary. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
^ "YAMAL 300K" . N2YO.com. Retrieved 1 June 2021 .
^ a b c d "NOAA Satellite Information System (NOAASIS)" . NOAA. Archived from the original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2017 . This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
^ "GALAXY 12" . N2YO.com. 5 April 2016.
^ a b c d e wikipedia list of Inmarsat satellites
^ "El ARSAT-2 llegó a órbita geoestacionaria" [The ARSAT-2 has reached the geostationary orbit] (in Spanish). ARSAT S.A. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 10 October 2015 .
^ BulgariaSat-1
^ "Satellite Coverage Maps – Bulgariasat" . Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 7 December 2017 .
^ "Azerspace/Africasat-1a is prepared for Arianespace's first Ariane 5 launch in 2013" .
^ "GALAXY 27 (TELSTAR 7) Satellite details 1999-052A NORAD 25922" . N2YO. 5 April 2016.
^ "GSat 18" . space.skyrocket.de . Retrieved 21 February 2018 .
^ a b c d "NBN-Co 1A, 1B (Sky Muster 1, 2)" . space.skyrocket.de . Retrieved 21 February 2018 .
^ Amos, Jonathan (11 May 2018). "SpaceX flies 'lessons learned' rocket" . BBC News . Retrieved 11 May 2018 .
^ a b "NBN-Co 1A – Ariane 5 VA226 – Spaceflight101" . spaceflight101.com . Retrieved 21 February 2018 .
^ Podvig, Pavel (2002). "History and the Current Status of the Russian Early-Warning System" (PDF) . Science and Global Security . 10 (1): 21– 60. Bibcode :2002S&GS...10...21P . CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.6127 . doi :10.1080/08929880212328 . ISSN 0892-9882 . S2CID 122901563 . Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 March 2012.
^ Sat ND | Failures – Thaicom 3
^ a b Hallah, Tashikalmah; Okeke, Francis; Muhammad, Hamisu (19 November 2008). "Nigeria: Nigcomsat-1 is Lost, MD Says" . allAfrica. Retrieved 19 November 2008 .
External links