List of earthquakes in Iran

Earthquakes in Iran from 1990 to 2006, by United States Geological Survey
Iran Faults

Iran is one of the most seismically active countries in the world, being crossed by several major faults that cover at least 90% of the country.[1] As a result, earthquakes in Iran occur often and are destructive.

Geology and history

The Iranian plateau is subject to most types of tectonic activity, including active folding, faulting and volcanic eruptions. It is well known for its long history of disastrous earthquake activity. Not only have these earthquakes killed thousands, but they have also led to waste of valuable natural resources.[2] Since 1900, at least 126,000 fatalities have resulted from earthquakes in Iran.[2] In addition, the Iranian plate is bordered by the Indian plate (to the southeast), the Eurasian plate (to the north), and the Arabian plate (to the south and west), which is where the Zagros fold and thrust belt (an ancient subduction zone) lies.

Earthquakes

Date Province Mag. MMI Deaths Injuries Total damage/notes Citations
2024-06-18 Razavi Khorasan 4.9 Mw  [3]
2023-10-17 Hormozgan 5.5 Mw  [4]
2023-01-28 West Azerbaijan 5.9 Mw  VII 3 1,750 Widespread damage [5]
2023-01-18 West Azerbaijan 5.7 Mw  VII 252 Severe damage [6]
2022-10-05 West Azerbaijan 5.6 Mw  VII 1,127 Severe damage [7]
2022-07-23 Hormozgan 5.6 Mw  VII 1 Further damage [8][9]
2022-07-03 Gilan 4.3 Mw  1 Minor damage [10][11]
2022-07-01 Hormozgan 6.0 Mw  VII 7 111 Severe damage/doublet [12][13]
2022-06-25 Hormozgan 5.6 Mw  VII 1 37 [14]
2022-04-23 Fars 4.4 Mw  VI 1 Minor damage [15][16]
2022-03-20 Fars 4.7 Mw  VII 2 Minor damage [17][18]
2022-03-16 Hormozgan 5.9 Mw  VII 2 Minor damage [19][20]
2022-01-23 East Azerbaijan 4.0 Mw  VII 1 Minor damage [21]
2021-11-14 Hormozgan 6.4 Mw  IX 2 98 Doublet [22][23]
2020-05-07 Tehran 4.6 Mw  V 2 38 [24][25]
2020-02-23 West Azerbaijan 5.7 Mw  VII 10 125 [26]
2019-11-07 East Azerbaijan 5.9 Mw  VIII 7 584 [27]
2019-07-08 Khuzestan 5.7 Mw  VII 1 100 [28]
2018-11-25 Kermanshah 6.3 Mw  VIII 1 761 Aftershock
2018-08-25 Kermanshah 6.0 Mw  VII 3 243 Aftershock
2017-12-20 Tehran 5.2 Mw  VI 2 97 4.0 Mw  aftershock: 1 dead, 75 injured
2017-11-12 Kermanshah 7.3 Mw  IX 630 8,435
2017-05-13 North Khorasan 5.6 Mw  VII 3 370
2017-04-05 Khorasan-e Razavi 6.1 Mw  VII 2 34
2017-01-06 Fars 5.0 Mw  VI 4 5
2014-08-18 Ilam 6.2 Mw  VIII 60–330
2013-11-28 Bushehr 5.6 Mw  VII 7 45
2013-04-13 Sistan and Baluchestan 7.7 Mw  VIII 35 117
2013-04-09 Bushehr 6.3 Mw  VIII 37 850
2012-08-11 East Azerbaijan 6.4 Mw  VIII 306 3,037 Doublet
2012-08-11 East Azerbaijan 6.3 Mw  Doublet
2011-06-15 Kerman 5.3 2
2010-12-20 Kerman 6.5 Mw  IX 11 100
2010-08-27 Semnan 5.8 Mw  VII 4 40 800 displaced
2010-07-30 Razavi Khorasan 5.5 Mw  VI 274 Severe damage
2008-09-10 Qeshm 5.9 Mw  VIII 7 45
2006-03-31 Lorestan 6.1 Mw  VIII 63–70+ 1,246–1,418
2005-11-27 Qeshm 5.8 Mw  VII 13 100
2005-02-22 Kerman 6.4 Mw  VIII 612 1,411
2004-05-28 Māzandarān 6.3 Mw  VIII 35 278–400 $15.4 million
2003-12-26 Kerman 6.6 Mw  IX 26,271 22,628–30,000 45,000–75,600 displaced
2002-06-22 Qazvin 6.3 Mw  VIII 261 1,500
1999-03-04 Kerman 6.6 Mw  VII 1 517 houses damaged [29]
1998-03-14 Kerman 6.6 Mw  VIII 5 50 [30]
1997-05-10 South Khorasan 7.3 Mw  X 1,567 2,300
1997-02-28 Ardabil 6.1 Mw  VIII 1,100 2,600
1997-02-04 North Khorasan 6.5 Mw  VIII 100 1,948
1990-06-20 Gilan 7.4 Mw  X 35,000–50,000 60,000–105,000
1981-07-28 Kerman 7.1 Ms  IX 1,500 1,000
1981-06-11 Kerman 6.6 Mw  VIII+ 1,400–3,000 many
1979-11-14 South Khorasan 6.8 Mw  VIII 297–440
1978-09-16 South Khorasan 7.4 Mw  IX 15,000–25,000
1977-12-19 Kerman 5.9 Mw  VII 584–665
1977-04-06 Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari 6.0 Mw  VIII 348–366
1977-03-21 Hormozgan 7.0 Ms  VIII 152–167
1972-04-10 Fars 6.7 Mw  IX 5,374 1,710
1970-07-30 Khorasan 6.4 175 450 [31][32]
1968-08-31 South Khorasan 7.4 Mw  X 15,000
1968-09-01 South Khorasan 6.4 Mw  900
1965-02-10 East Azerbaijan 5.1 20
1962-09-01 Qazvin 7.1 ML  IX 12,225 2,776
1960-04-24 Fars 6.0 Muk 420 [33]
1958-08-16 Hamadan 6.7 Muk 132 [33]
1957-12-13 Kermanshah 7.1 1,130
1957-07-02 Māzandarān 7.1 1,200
1953-02-12 Semnan 6.6 Mw  VIII 800–973 140
1947-08-05 South Khorasan 7.3 500
1932-05-20 Māzandarān 5.4 Muk  VIII 1,070 [33]
1930-05-07 West Azerbaijan 7.1 Mw  IX 1,360–3,000
1929-05-01 Khorasan-e Razavi 7.2 Mw  IX 3,257–3,800 1,121
1923-05-25 Khorasan-e Razavi 5.9 Mw  VII+ 2,200 More than 7 villages destroyed [34]
1909-01-23 Lorestan 7.3 ML  IX 6,000–8,000
1895-01-17 Khorasan-e Razavi 6.8 Ms  VIII 1,000–11,000
1893-11-17 Khorasan-e Razavi 6.6 Ms  X 18,000 [35]
1864-01-17 Kerman VIII Many [33]
1853-05-05 Fars IX 9,000–13,000 [33]
1778-12-15 Kashan 6.2 Ms  >8,000 [35]
1755-06-07 Isfahan 40,000
1727-11-18 East Azerbaijan VIII 77,000
1721-04-26 East Azerbaijan 7.7 Ms  VIII–X 8,000–250,000
1679-06-04 Yerevan, Armenia 6.4 Ms IX–X 7,600 Under Iranian rule at the time
1667-11-25 Shamakhi, Azerbaijan 6.9 Ms X 80,000 Under Iranian rule at the time
1641-02-05 Tabriz, East Azerbaijan 6.8 Ms IX 30,000 Tabriz completely destroyed
1101-??-?? Khorasan-e Razavi 6.5 Muk  X 60,000 [36]
1042-08-21 East Azerbaijan 7.6 40,000
1008-04-11 Bushehr 6.5 Ms  16,000 [36]
978-06-17 Bushehr 5.3 Ms  2,000 [36]
893-03-23 Ardabil 150,000 See also 893 Dvin earthquake
856-12-22 Semnan 7.9 Ms  X 200,000
850-07-15 Tehran 45,000 [36]
743-??-?? Semnan 7.2 Ms  IX [36]
662-04-26 Semnan 40,000 [36]
400? BCE Tehran 7.6 [36]
Note: Mw = moment magnitude scale, Ms = surface-wave magnitude, and Muk = unknown. The inclusion criteria for adding events are based on WikiProject Earthquakes' notability guideline that was developed for stand alone articles. The principles described also apply to lists. In summary, only damaging, injurious, or deadly events should be recorded.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Preliminary Earthquake Reconnaissance Report on the June 22, 2002 Changureh (Avaj), Iran Earthquake". International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology. 2002-07-19. Archived from the original on March 25, 2010. Retrieved December 30, 2008.
  2. ^ a b Manuel Berberian. "100 years; 126,000 deaths". The Iranian.
  3. ^ ANSS. "M 4.9 - 2 km NNW of Kāshmar, Iran 2024". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  4. ^ "Magnitude 5.5 earthquake strikes southern Iran - GFZ". Reuters. 2023-10-17. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  5. ^ National Earthquake Information Center (28 January 2023). "M 5.9 - 14 km SSW of Khowy, Iran". United States Geological Survey.
  6. ^ "M 5.8 - Turkey-Iran border region". United States Geological Survey. 18 January 2023.
  7. ^ "M 5.6 - 8 km ESE of Khowy, Iran". United States Geological Survey. 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  8. ^ "M 5.6 - 69 km NE of Bandar-e Lengeh, Iran". United States Geological Survey. 23 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
  9. ^ "مصدوم زلزله هرمزگان". ghatreh (in Persian). 24 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
  10. ^ "M 4.3 - NEAR THE COAST OF NORTHERN IRAN - 2022-07-03 14:05:33 UTC". European-Mediterranean Seismological Centre.
  11. ^ "زلزله گیلان یک مصدوم بر جای گذاشت" [The Gilan earthquake left one injured]. yjc.news (in Persian).
  12. ^ "M 6.0 - 55 km NE of Bandar-e Lengeh, Iran". United States Geological Survey. 1 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  13. ^ "M 6.0 - 57 km NE of Bandar-e Lengeh, Iran". United States Geological Survey. 1 July 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.
  14. ^ "M 5.6 - 30 km NE of Kīsh, Iran". United States Geological Survey. 25 June 2022. Retrieved 25 June 2022.
  15. ^ "M 4.4 - 30 km E of Kāzerūn, Iran". United States Geological Survey.
  16. ^ "وقوع زلزله در منطقه خان زنیان، تاکنون یک مصدوم داشت". sums.ac.ir (in Persian). Archived from the original on 2022-06-02. Retrieved 2022-05-12.
  17. ^ "M 4.7 - 91 km SE of Dārāb, Iran". United States Geological Survey.
  18. ^ "زلزله داراب فارس ۲ مصدوم داشت" [Darab Fars earthquake had 2 casualties]. irna.ir (in Persian).
  19. ^ "M 5.8 - 57 km NNW of Bandar e-Lengeh, Iran". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2022-03-16. Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  20. ^ "See | The latest details of the Hormozgan earthquake 2 outpatient injured were treated". hamshahrionline.com (in Persian). 17 March 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-03-22. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
  21. ^ "M 4.0 - 10 km NW of Tabriz, Iran". United States Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2022-01-23. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
  22. ^ "Dubai and Abu Dhabi feel tremors from 6.2 magnitude quake in Iran". The National. 14 November 2021. Retrieved 2021-11-14.
  23. ^ "Overall Orange Earthquake alert in Islamic Republic of Iran on 14 Nov 2021 12:08 UTC". gdacs.org. Retrieved 2021-11-14.
  24. ^ "M 4.6 - 2 km WNW of Damavand, Iran". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2020-05-09.
  25. ^ "Moderate Iran quake kills two, draws many into Tehran streets". Reuters. 8 May 2020. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
  26. ^ "5.7 - 25 km SE of Saray, Turkey". United States Geological Survey. 2020-02-23.
  27. ^ APA.az (2019-11-09). "Number of wounded reaches 529 in quake in Eastern Azerbaijan province of Iran". apa.az (in Azerbaijani). Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  28. ^ "M 5.6 - 31 km SE of Masjed Soleym?n, Iran". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2019-07-08.
  29. ^ "M 6.6 - 110 km SSE of K?h Sef?d, Iran". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2022-03-11.
  30. ^ Berberian 2014, p. 617
  31. ^ "Quake Levels Iranian Villages", Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, July 31, 1970, p1
  32. ^ "M 6.4 - 52 km NE of Kal?leh, Iran". United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
  33. ^ a b c d e NGDC (1972), Significant Earthquake Database (Data Set), National Geophysical Data Center, NOAA, doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K
  34. ^ Berberian 2014, p. 593
  35. ^ a b Ambraseys N.N.; Melville C.P. (2005). A History of Persian Earthquakes. Cambridge University Press. pp. 53–54, 160. ISBN 9780521021876.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g "NGDC Earthquake Hazard". NGDC.

Sources