Lepidium oleraceum is a herb in the family Brassicaceae, endemic to New Zealand. Its English common name is Cook's scurvy grass;[1]Māori names include nau, ngau, naunau and heketara.[2][3]
The small populations are highly threatened, one of the reasons being reduced populations of seabirds which they are dependent on to provide highly fertile and disturbed soils associated with nesting grounds. Additionally the species is susceptible to browsing by livestock, rodents, snails, and insect herbivores such as aphids, leaf miners, the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), and the small cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae).[9] It is also affected by white rust, a fungus-like disease caused by the oomyceteAlbugo candida.[8][9]
Connection with James Cook
During his voyages of exploration James Cook collected a number of plant species at various locations which were used to help ward off scurvy amongst his crew. While visiting Tolaga Bay in New Zealand on his first voyage, Cook noted in his journal on 27 October 1769:
"the other place I landed at was the north point of the Bay where I got as much Sellery and Scurvy grass as loaded the Boat".[10] Historian John Cawte Beaglehole believed that "scurvy grass" in this case referred to Lepidium oleraceum.[10] Specimens of the plant were collected by botanists Johann and Georg Forster on Cook's second voyage.
[11]
Uses
Young leaves may be eaten raw or cooked. They have a hot cress-like taste and are a rich source of vitamin C.[12]
^Whitney, William Dwight (1899). The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia. Century Co. p. 2856. L. holeraceus, prop. oleraceus, herb-like, holus, prop. olus (oler-), herbs, vegetables
