Lee E. Emerson

Lee Earl Emerson
69th Governor of Vermont
In office
January 4, 1951 – January 6, 1955
LieutenantJoseph B. Johnson
Preceded byHarold J. Arthur
Succeeded byJoseph B. Johnson
63rd Lieutenant Governor of Vermont
In office
1945–1949
GovernorMortimer R. Proctor
Ernest W. Gibson, Jr.
Preceded byMortimer R. Proctor
Succeeded byHarold J. Arthur
President pro tempore of the Vermont Senate
In office
1943–1945
Preceded byJoseph H. Denny
Succeeded byJohn A. M. Hinsman
Member of the Vermont Senate
In office
1943–1945
Serving with John M. Bradley
Preceded byHarold H. Farman, Addison W. Fletcher
Succeeded byJohn M. Bradley, Carlyle Verne Willey
ConstituencyOrleans County
Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives
In office
1941–1943
Preceded byOscar L. Shepard
Succeeded byAsa S. Bloomer
Member of the Vermont House of Representatives
In office
1939–1943
Preceded byAddison W. Fletcher
Succeeded byWilliam Erastus Hanson
ConstituencyBarton
Personal details
Born(1898-12-19)December 19, 1898
Hardwick, Vermont, US
DiedMay 21, 1976(1976-05-21) (aged 77)
Berlin, Vermont, ,US
Resting placeWelcome O. Brown Cemetery, Barton, Vermont
Political partyRepublican
SpouseDorcas Ball Emerson
Alma materSyracuse University
George Washington University Law School
ProfessionAttorney
Military service
ServiceUnited States Army
Years of service1918
RankPrivate
UnitStudents' Army Training Corps, Syracuse University
WarsWorld War I

Lee Earl Emerson (December 19, 1898 – May 21, 1976[1]) was an American politician who served in both the Vermont House of Representatives and the Vermont Senate. A member of the Republican Party, he was the 63rd Lieutenant Governor of Vermont and the 69th governor of Vermont. When he was first elected in the 1950 Vermont gubernatorial election, he received over 70% of the vote, a feat not equaled until 1992 (by Howard Dean) and not until 2022 by a Republican (Phil Scott). Despite his success in 1950, he lost the Republican primary for U.S. Senate in Vermont in 1958 to Congressman Winston L. Prouty. He also lost the 1960 primary for Vermont's seat in the U.S. House of Representatives to incumbent Governor Robert T. Stafford.

Early life

Emerson was born in Hardwick, Vermont, on December 19, 1898, and moved to Barton at the age of 16. He graduated from Barton Academy in 1917, and served in the United States Army during World War I as a member of the Students' Army Training Corps. Emerson received an A.B. from Syracuse University in 1921 and an LL.B. from George Washington University Law School in 1926. He practiced law in Barton.[2]

Political career

He was elected as a Republican to the Vermont House of Representatives in 1938 and served two terms. He was elected Speaker of the House in his second term, serving from 1941 to 1943.[3] He was elected to the Vermont Senate in 1942, served from 1943 to 1945, and was elected President Pro Tempore.[4] He was elected Lieutenant Governor of Vermont in 1944 and 1946, serving from 1945 to 1949.[5]

Throughout much of Vermont's history Governors and Lieutenant Governors had served two one-year terms, and later one two-year term as part of the Republican Party's "Mountain Rule." However, Ernest W. Gibson, Jr. had successfully challenged the established structure to win the governorship in 1946.[6] Gibson defeated Emerson in the 1948 Republican primary and went on to win reelection to a second term.[7] Emerson's fellow conservative Harold J. Arthur succeeded Emerson as lieutenant governor.[8] When Arthur unexpectedly became governor in 1950 after Gibson resigned to accept a federal judgeship, Arthur served out Gibson's term but declined to run for a full term himself, clearing the way for Emerson's comeback.[9] Emerson was elected governor in 1950 and reelected in 1952, serving from 1951 to 1955.[10] (Arthur instead ran for the U.S. House and lost the Republican primary to Winston Prouty, who went on to win the general election.)[11]

As Governor, he recommended that Vermont citizens serving in the Korean War be paid a bonus by the state. He supported studies of the feasibility of building a natural gas pipeline for Vermont and of possible racial discrimination in the state. Also during his administration, legislation known as the Forest Act was passed, providing assistance for municipalities to establish forests.[12]

Emerson also played a role in "The Novikoff Affair," in which a tenured University of Vermont professor Alex B. Novikoff was dismissed for alleged Communist sympathies that were never substantiated.[13][14]

Post gubernatorial career

In 1958, he ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate, losing the Republican nomination to Winston Prouty.[15]

In 1960, Emerson was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican nomination for Vermont's seat in the United States House of Representatives, losing to incumbent Governor Robert T. Stafford.[16] Stafford went on to victory in the general election, defeating one term incumbent William H. Meyer, the first Democrat elected statewide in more than 100 years.[17] (Myer had defeated Harold Arthur in the 1958 general election for the U.S. House seat.)[18]

Personal

Emerson married Dorcas M. Ball on August 4, 1927. They had two children, Nancy and Cynthia.[19]

Death and burial

He died in Berlin, Vermont, on May 26, 1976.[20] He is buried at Welcome O. Brown Cemetery in Barton.[21]

Footnotes

  1. ^ National Governors Association Archived June 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ "Lee E. Emerson entry", Current Biography Yearbook, by H. W. Wilson Company, 1954, page 183
  3. ^ "Vermont Archives". Speakers of the House. Archived from the original on August 10, 2007. Retrieved December 25, 2006.
  4. ^ "Vermont State Legislature". Vermont Senate Presidents Pro Tempore. Retrieved December 25, 2006.
  5. ^ "Vermont Secretary of State," Vermont Legislative Directory and State Manual, 1981, page 104
  6. ^ "The Vermont Encyclopedia," By John J. Duffy, Samuel B. Hand and Ralph H. Orth, 2003, page 96
  7. ^ "Yankee Politics in Rural Vermont," by Frank M. Bryan, 1974, page 91
  8. ^ "Harold J. Arthur entry," The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, by James Terry White, Volume 57, 1977, page 135
  9. ^ "The Vermont Political Tradition," by William T. Doyle, 1987, page 288
  10. ^ "Vermont Archives" Archived November 12, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Vermont Governors, Terms of Service
  11. ^ "Vermont Archives" Archived November 12, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Primary Election Results, 1950 Republican Party
  12. ^ "National Governor's Association". Vermont Governor Lee E. Emerson. Retrieved December 26, 2006.
  13. ^ "Vermont Historical Society," The Case of Alex B. Novikoff
  14. ^ "New York Times," Alex B. Novikoff Dies; Professor and Biologist, January 11, 1987
  15. ^ "Vermont Archives"[permanent dead link], Primary Election Results, 1958, Republican Party
  16. ^ "Vermont Archives"[permanent dead link], Primary Election Results, 1960, Republican Party
  17. ^ "The Bob Mitchell Years: An Anthology of a Half Century of Editorial Writing," by Robert W. Mitchell, Rutland Herald, 1994, page 447
  18. ^ "New York Times", Democrat Fights Vermont Battle; Meyer Believed in Trouble in House Contest Against Gov. Robert T. Stafford, by John H. Fenton, October 20, 1960
  19. ^ Burlington Free Press Obituaries 02/2001 « Vermont History and Genealogy
  20. ^ "University of Vermont". Lee E. Emerson. Retrieved December 25, 2006.
  21. ^ "RootsWeb". Welcome O. Brown Cemetery, Barton, Vt. Retrieved December 26, 2006.
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Vermont
1944, 1946 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Republican nominee for Governor of Vermont
1950, 1952 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives
1941–1943 		Succeeded by
Preceded by President pro tempore of the Vermont State Senate
1943–1945 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Lieutenant Governor of Vermont
1945–1949 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Vermont
1951–1955 		Succeeded by