Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

La Japonaise (painting)

La Japonaise
ArtistClaude Monet
Year1876
TypeOil
MediumCanvas
Dimensions231.8 cm × 142.3 cm (91+14 in × 56 in)
LocationMuseum of Fine Arts, Boston

La Japonaise is an 1876 oil painting by the French Impressionist painter Claude Monet. Painted on a 231.8 cm × 142.3 cm (91+14 in × 56 in) canvas, the full-length portrait depicts a European woman in a red uchikake kimono standing in front of a wall decorated by Japanese fans. Monet's first wife Camille Doncieux modeled for the painting.

The painting was first exhibited in the second Impressionism exhibition of 1876, and is now exhibited at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

Description

In the painting, Monet depicts Camille in a padded, heavily decorated red kimono (an uchikake) belonging to a famous Japanese actor, standing on Japanese-style tatami mat and in front of a wall decorated by Japanese uchiwa [ja] fans.[1] Camille, whose hair was dark, wears a blonde wig, emphasizing her identity as a European woman, indicating that the painting shows the performance and appropriation of Japanese culture rather than an authentic Japanese environment.[2]

Camille's body, turned in profile, shows her face turned towards the viewer,[3] a gesture likely inspired by gestures found in traditional Japanese dance; illustrations depicting Japanese dance, such as Charles Wirgman's A Japanese dinner party, were popular in Europe at the time, and would likely have been available for Monet to draw inspiration from.

Monet placed particular importance in the depiction of the detailed samurai embroidery on Camille's robe,[1] positioning the face of the samurai in the near centre of the canvas.[3] The depiction of the samurai, with dark hair, a stern facial expression and a strong grip on the sword in his belt, contrast Camille - with blonde hair, holding a fan delicately and smiling - strongly, drawing attention again to the difference between the "Japanese" setting and the European woman within it. Camille's raised right hand holds a folding fan in the colours of the French flag, which also appeared in one of Renoir's paintings.[3]

The contrast between Camille and the painting's faux-cultural setting is increased further by a backdrop of uchiwa fans. Though most depict only hazy Impressionist landscapes, with one on the left showing a red-crowned crane, a fan to the right of Camille's raised right hand shows a Japanese woman wearing a kimono and a traditional hairstyle, depicted on a rosy red background. Separated from the others with a contrasting background, it draws attention as the woman's face tilts in the opposite direction to Camille's, echoing the other. While Camille looks out at the viewer with a smile, the woman in the fan shows an almost astonished facial expression looking at her European counterpart.[3]

Motivation

Money became one of Monet's biggest troubles in the 1860s. His father had cut his allowance due to Monet's rebellious decision to create works unsuitable for the state-sponsored Salon exhibitions. Although Monet's financial condition improved in the early 1870s after his works were recognized and regularly purchased by art dealer Paul Durand-Ruel, this support began to erode due to Durand-Ruel's difficulty in selling them; due to the loss of this important source of income and the expenses Monet faced in moving into a new house, beginning in 1874, he began to fall back into financial difficulty.

In desperate need of money, Monet created this painting of his wife in a red kimono that he borrowed from a friend, and sent the painting to Durand-Ruel's gallery in the second Impressionism exhibition of 1876, along with 18 other paintings, including the famous Woman with a Parasol - Madame Monet and Her Son.[3] Given the popularity of Japonisme in France at this time, Monet hoped to sell La Japonaise at a high price to ease his financial difficulties.[3][1]

The Lady with the Fans (La Dame aux éventails) by Édouard Manet, 1873

Forty years later, in 1918, when the art dealers Georges Bernheim and René Gimpel visited Monet and informed him that La Japonaise had sold for a very decent price, Monet was said to stated that he was ashamed by the fact of having painted the work simply to please the market, calling it "a piece of filth".[3][4] Some scholars believe that he may have been more committed to this subject than these comments would suggest; when the work was in progress, Monet wrote to Philippe Burty, a famous art critic and collector of Japanese artworks, commenting that it was "superb" to paint the heavily detailed kimono.[1] Other scholars argue that this letter may have been an "advertisement" instead of Monet's true words, and motivated by a desire to influence notable critics who held an interest in Japonisme such as Burty.[3]

Another possible motivation for the creation of this painting is that Monet wished to "compete" with his friend Édouard Manet's work The Lady with the Fans, modeled by Nina de Callias in 1873. There is no solid evidence that Monet had seen this work in person before he painted the La Japonaise, but he seemed to know of it from an engraving of Manet's sketch of the work, published in the book Revue du monde nouveau in February 1874.[3] A 1876 review in the journal Le Soleil even described Monet's works as "following suit".[5]

Criticism

After being exhibited in the second Impressionism exhibition in 1876, the painting received attention, though not always positive, from art critics. Critics Émile Zola and Alexandre Pothey praised the work for its innovation and bold use of colors,[3] but many critics described the work as "bizarre" and sexually suggestive. The critic Simon Boubée wrote in his review: "He has shown a Chinese in a red robe with two heads, one is that of a demi-mondaine placed on the shoulders, the other that of a monster, placed we dare not say where." Other writers pointed out the placement of the samurai's head on the robe as being suggestive, coupled with the depiction of unshesthing his sword.[1][3][4] Camille's "coquettish" facial expression was also said to be part of the erotic symbolism.[4]

The criticism seemed to embarrass Monet, who likely withdrew the work from the exhibition before its end to prevent public viewing,[4] though he claimed the work had been purchased by a secret buyer at the unbelievably high price of 2,020 francs.[3] Many art historians have questioned the authenticity of this record-breaking price, with a variety of different explanations. Some believe that it was a publicity stunt played by Monet and Ernest Hoschedé; that Hoschedé bought it at a high price and Monet secretly repurchased it back.[3] Another art historian believes that the purchase was a "face-saving fable" to move the public attention away from the embarrassing criticism.[4] The hypothesis that the unprecedentedly high price was not real offers an explanation for the content in a letter from Monet to his friend Édouard Manet, in which the painting was mentioned. Monet wrote:

"I would be very obliged to you if you would not repeat to anyone what I told you on the subject of La Japonaise. I have promised to keep it quiet, it would inconvenience me. I count, then, on your discretion and, in case you may already have dropped a word to Dubois, recommend to him the most complete silence, otherwise, there would be endless gossip and annoyances for me."

It is possible that Monet had informed Manet of his trick, and that he had warned him not to tell anyone else,[3][4] or that Monet wanted to hide from the public the painting Camille had modeled for, given the criticism of the painting's sexually suggestive nature,[1] though no one mentioned Camille's name in connection with the work until Monet revealed her role to Georges Bernheim and René Gimpel in 1918, the blond wig having disguised her identity until this point.[3]

Monet himself did not have a high opinion of the work, describing it to Bernheim and Gimpel as "une saleté [a piece of junk]".[3] The mixed reception has continued to the twenty-first century, with critics such as Julian Barnes, in a generally enthusiastic introduction to Monet, singling out the piece as "ferociously awful".[6] The MFA curator notes, by contrast, describe it as "a virtuoso display of brilliant color that is also a witty comment on the [then] current Paris fad for all things Japanese".[7]

'Kimono Wednesday' controversy

In 2015, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston held a special program called "Kimono Wednesdays" in which visitors were invited to pose in front of La Japonaise while wearing a replica of the kimono in the painting. The kimono, made in Kyoto, was offered by NHK, the Japanese cosponsor of the initiative. The kimono was first exhibited in several Japanese cities, and visitors to the exhibition were invited to pose for photos wearing the kimono.

The MFA brought the kimono to Boston and continued the activities that had taken place in Japan.[8] The event drew criticism from protesters, who described the program as an example of Orientalism and white supremacy, accusing the museum of having "insufficiently [grappled] with [the painting’s] post-colonial legacy". As part of the protest, a Tumblr blog titled "Decolonize Our Museums" criticized the "Kimono Wednesday" event as a form of "cultural appropriation", and described it as "enacted by a historically white institution that retains the 'power to represent—and therefore dominate—other ethnic and cultural groups'".[8]

Although the museum stopped allowing visitors to wear the kimono in response to the criticisms, the program was defended by some, with Japan's deputy consul general telling the press that the protest did not make sense from a Japanese perspective. Japanese counter-protesters led by Timothy Nagaoka visited the exhibition wearing their own kimono after the MFA stopped allowing visitors to pose wearing the replica, arguing that kimono could be enjoyed by people of all ethnicities, not only the Japanese. Meiji University professor Shaun O'Dwyer also defended the program, citing his concern of the shrinking nature of the traditional kimono making industry, and the need of any possible publicity for its survival.[8]

Monet chose the subject of Japonisme partially for its popularity in the Parisian art market in the 1870s, with his later works reflecting a deeper level of understanding and application of Japanese aesthetics, compared to the comparatively surface-level depiction shown in La Japonaise.[8]

Provenance

  • April 14, 1876, Monet and Ernest Hoschedé sale, Hôtel Drouot, Paris, lot 37
  • April 19, 1877, anonymous ("L.") sale, Hôtel Drouot, Paris, lot 48, to Constantin de Rasty (d. 1923), Paris
  • 1918, sold by Rasty to Paul Rosenberg and Co., Paris and New York
  • 1920, sold by Rosenberg to Philip Lehman (b. 1861 - d. 1947), New York
  • 1921, sold by Lehman to Duveen Brothers, Inc., London; 1937, shipped from Duveen, London to Duveen, New York
  • March 8, 1956, sold by Duveen to the MFA for $45,000[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Bromfield, David (2001). Monet and Japan. National Gallery of Australia. pp. 23–25.
  2. ^ Irvine, Gregory (2013). Japonisme and the rise of the modern art movement : the arts of the Meiji period : the Khalili collection. New York: New York : Thames & Hudson. pp. 114–117. ISBN 9780500239131.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Butler, Ruth (2008). Hidden in the Shadow of the Master: The Model-Wives of Cézanne, Monet, and Rodin. Yale University Press. pp. 173–185.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Gedo, Mary Mathews (2010). Monet and His Muse: Camille Monet in the Artist's Life. University of Chicago Press. pp. 167–176.
  5. ^ Lobstein, Dominique (2017). Monet the collector. Paris, France : Musée Marmottan Monet; Vanves, France : Hazan. pp. 52–59. ISBN 9780300232622.
  6. ^ Barnes, Julian (2023). "Painting is terribly difficult". London Review of Books. Retrieved 2024-01-15.
  7. ^ a b "La Japonaise (Camille Monet in Japanese Costume)". collections.mfa.org. Retrieved 2020-11-23.
  8. ^ a b c d Lena, Jennifer (2019). Entitled: Discriminating Tastes and the Expansion of the Arts. Princeton University Press. pp. 123–126. ISBN 9780691189840.

This information is adapted from Wikipedia which is publicly available.

Read other articles:

WIB beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk acara televisi NET. dengan singkatan sama, lihat Waktu Indonesia Bercanda. Zona waktu IndonesiaPeta zona waktu Indonesia Waktu terkini Waktu Indonesia Barat (UTC+07:00)02:03, November 14, 2023 WIB [refresh]Waktu Indonesia Tengah (UTC+08:00)03:03, November 14, 2023 WITA [refresh]Waktu Indonesia Timur (UTC+09:00)04:03, November 14, 2023 WIT [refresh] Waktu Indonesia Barat (disingkat WIB) adalah salah satu dari tiga zona waktu yang dipakai di Indonesia. Kedua zona …

Shabab Al Ahliنادي شباب الأهليBerkas:Shabab Al Ahli logo.svgNama lengkapShabab Al AhliJulukanAl Fursan Al Humur (The Red Knights)Berdiri1970; 52 tahun lalu (1970)(as Al Ahli)StadionRashid Stadium, Dubai(Kapasitas: 20,000)PemilikHamdan Al MaktoumKetuaAhmed Al MaktoumMarko NikolićLigaUAE Pro League2022–23UAE Pro League, 1st (Champions)Situs webSitus web resmi klub Kostum kandang Kostum tandang Musim ini Al-Ahli FC Dubai merupakan sebuah tim sepak bola Uni Emirat Arab yan…

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с фамилией Мазурин. Константин Митрофанович Мазурин Псевдонимы К. Герра Дата рождения 22 февраля 1866(1866-02-22) Место рождения Москва, Российская империя Дата смерти 7 февраля 1959(1959-02-07) (92 года) Место смерти Шабац, Сербия Гражданство (подданс…

Film porno adalah film yang dikategorikan mengandung unsur yang mengeksploitasi hubungan seksual dan aurat manusia. Film porno merupakan sesuatu yang tabu untuk diperbincangkan terutama di dunia timur. Film porno dijual dan disewakan dalam bentuk DVD, dipertunjukkan melalui internet dan saluran televisi khusus serta saluran televisi bayar-per-tayang pada televisi kabel dan televisi satelit, dan juga dipertontonkan di bioskop film dewasa. Film porno muncul tidak lama setelah ditemukannya film pad…

Early model in which decompression is controlled by volume of gas bubbles forming in tissues Decompression profiles based on the Thermodynamic model compared with the US Navy table for the same depth and bottom time The thermodynamic model was one of the first decompression models in which decompression is controlled by the volume of gas bubbles coming out of solution. In this model, pain only DCS is modelled by a single tissue which is diffusion-limited for gas uptake and bubble-formation durin…

Luís Pereira Brandão Nascimento década de 1540Porto Morte década de 1590Lisboa Cidadania Reino de Portugal Ocupação padre, escritor, poeta Religião Igreja Católica [edite no Wikidata] Luís Pereira Brandão (Porto, c. 1540 — Lisboa, c. 1590?) foi um padre jesuíta que acompanhou o rei D. Sebastião na Batalha de Alcácer Quibir, tendo posteriormente publicado um poema em dezoito cantos e oitava rima intitulado a A Elegíada cantando as desventuras da expedição.[1] Biografia Nasce…

Isla de Lamu Kisiwa cha Lamu Ubicación geográficaRegión Archipiélago de LamuOcéano Océano ÍndicoCoordenadas 2°17′00″S 40°52′00″E / -2.2833333333333, 40.866666666667Ubicación administrativaPaís  KeniaDivisión Provincia CosteraProvincia Provincia Costera Características generalesSuperficie 57 km²Longitud 10 kmAnchura máxima 6 kmPerímetro 35 kmPunto más alto ()PoblaciónCapital no tieneGentilicio no tiene[editar datos en Wikidata] Is…

Національна галерея Косова 42°39′25″ пн. ш. 21°09′50″ сх. д. / 42.65710000002777491° пн. ш. 21.16400000002778015° сх. д. / 42.65710000002777491; 21.16400000002778015Координати: 42°39′25″ пн. ш. 21°09′50″ сх. д. / 42.65710000002777491° пн. ш. 21.16400000002778015° сх. д. / 42.65710000002777…

I Made Mangku PastikaAnggota Dewan Perwakilan DaerahRepublik IndonesiaPetahanaMulai menjabat 1 Oktober 2019Perolehan suara269.790 (2019)Daerah pemilihanBaliGubernur Bali ke-ke-8Masa jabatan28 Agustus 2008 – 29 Agustus 2018WakilA.A. Ngurah Puspayoga (2008–13) I Ketut Sudikerta (2013–18)PendahuluDewa Made BerathaPenggantiHamdani (Pj.) I Wayan KosterKepala Kepolisian Daerah BaliMasa jabatan25 April 2003 – 11 Desember 2005PendahuluIrjen Pol. Budi SetiawanPenggantiIr…

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (سبتمبر 2018) اونوم سودجي (بالإنجليزية: Onome Sodje)‏    معلومات شخصية الميلاد 17 يوليو 1988 (العمر 35 سنة)واري  الطول 5 قدم 10 بوصة (1.78 م) مركز اللعب مهاجم الجنسية نيجير

Wybory prezydenckie w Stanach Zjednoczonych w 1988 roku Państwo  Stany Zjednoczone Rodzaj wybory prezydenckie Data przeprowadzenia 8 listopada 1988 (głosowanie powszechne) Podstawa prawna Konstytucja Stanów Zjednoczonych Głosowanie Wyniki wyborów prezydenckich (% głosów elektorskich):Bush71,2%Dukakis20,6%Bentsen0,2% Wyniki wyborów wiceprezydenckich (% głosów elektorskich):Quayle71,2%Bentsen20,6%Dukakis0,2% Frekwencja:50,3% poprzednie:1984 następne:1992 Mapa wyborcza Stanów Zjedn…

Luck & LogicSampul volume Blu-ray pertama.ラクエンロジック(Raku en Rojikku)GenreAksi, Fantasi, Fiksi ilmiah, Roman Seri animeSutradaraKoichi ChigiraTakashi NaoyaProduserKengo AbeKôichi KudôMaaya KomatsuTerushige YoshieYuki MuramatsuSkenarioYuuya TakahashiMusikTatsuya KatoStudioDoga KoboPelisensiAUS Madman EntertainmentNA FunimationSaluranasliTokyo MX, Sun TV, KBS, TV Aichi, BS11, TVQ, TSC, AT-XSaluran bahasa InggrisSEA Animax Asia[1]Tayang 9 Januari 2016 – 26 Maret 2016Ep…

Longechenal Longechenal (Frankreich) Staat Frankreich Region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Département (Nr.) Isère (38) Arrondissement Vienne Kanton Le Grand-Lemps Gemeindeverband Bièvre Isère Koordinaten 45° 30′ N, 5° 23′ O45.49255.3861111111111Koordinaten: 45° 30′ N, 5° 23′ O Höhe 489–671 m Fläche 8,12 km² Einwohner 592 (1. Januar 2020) Bevölkerungsdichte 73 Einw./km² Postleitzahl 38690 INSEE-Code 38213 Longechenal ist eine …

Чорна Віселка Чорна Віселка при туристичному шляху до Баранячої Гори49°37′00″ пн. ш. 18°56′00″ сх. д. / 49.6166666666947762109884934° пн. ш. 18.93333333336077828334964579° сх. д. / 49.6166666666947762109884934; 18.93333333336077828334964579Витік на південно-західній стороні від Баранячої Гори• коорд…

Greek Orthodox monastery in Constantinople Studite monks redirects here. For the Ukrainian religious society, see Studite Brethren. Byzantine miniature depicting the Stoudios Monastery and the Propontis (Sea of Marmara), from the Menologion of Basil II (c. 1000). The Monastery of Stoudios, more fully Monastery of Saint John the Forerunner at Stoudios (Greek: Μονή του Αγίου Ιωάννη του Προδρόμου εν τοις Στουδίου, translit. Monē tou Hagiou Iōannē …

American lawman (1846–1891) James TimberlakeBornJames H. Timberlake(1846-03-22)March 22, 1846Platte County, Missouri, U.S.DiedFebruary 21, 1891(1891-02-21) (aged 44)Liberty, Missouri, USOccupation(s)Lawman, rancher, farmer, soldierYears active1876–1882Known forPursuing the James-Younger GangOpponentsFrank JamesJesse JamesSpouseKatie ThomasonMilitary careerAllegiance Confederate States of AmericaService/branch Confederate States ArmyYears of service1864Rank Secon…

Church in CanadaChurch of Our Lady of Good Hope66°15′07″N 128°38′38″W / 66.2519°N 128.6439°W / 66.2519; -128.6439CountryCanadaDenominationRoman CatholicWebsiteListing at Diocesan websiteHistoryStatusMissionFounded1864 (1864)DedicationOur Lady of Good HopeAssociated peopleÉmile PetitotArchitectureFunctional statusActiveHeritage designationNational Historic Site of CanadaDesignated1977Architectural typeCarpenter GothicGroundbreaking1865Completed1885Specifi…

Kisah Para Rasul 1Kisah Para Rasul 15:22-24 dalam bahasa Latin (kolom kiri) dan bahasa Yunani (kolom kanan) pada Codex Laudianus, yang ditulis sekitar tahun 550 M.KitabKisah Para RasulKategoriSejarah gerejaBagian Alkitab KristenPerjanjian BaruUrutan dalamKitab Kristen5← Yohanes 21 pasal 2 → Kisah Para Rasul 1 (disingkat Kis 1) adalah pasal pertama Kitab Kisah Para Rasul dalam Perjanjian Baru di Alkitab Kristen. Ditulis oleh Lukas, seorang Kristen yang merupakan teman seperjalanan Ras…

Christian saint SaintAngela MericiSt. Angela Merici Teaching by Pietro Calzavacca (mid-19th century)Virgin and foundressBorn21 March 1474Desenzano del Garda, Province of Brescia, Republic of VeniceDied27 January 1540(1540-01-27) (aged 65)Brescia, Republic of VeniceBeatified30 April 1768, Rome, Papal States, by Pope Clement XIIICanonized24 May 1807, Rome, Papal States, by Pope Pius VIIMajor shrineSanctuary of St. Angela Merici, Brescia, ItalyFeast27 January; 31 May (1861–1955); 1 June (195…

IRA bombings at Lough Foyle inlet Attacks on shipping in Lough FoylePart of the TroublesThe coaster Nellie M after the bombingLocationLough FoyleDate6 February 198123 February 1982Target2 cargo ships2,000 BRTAttack typeShip hijacking, bombingWeapons2 pilot boats4 explosive chargesDeathsnoneInjurednonePerpetratorProvisional Irish Republican ArmyAssailants24MotiveTo hinder British shipping around the port of Derry The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) carried out two bomb attacks against Bri…

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya

Lokasi Pengunjung: 18.218.233.143