Kera Tamara

Kera Tamara
Princess of Bulgaria
Manuscript miniature of Kera Tamara (Tetraevangelia of Ivan Alexander).
Bornc. 1340
Second Bulgarian Empire
Diedc. 1389 (aged 48-49)
Ottoman Empire
Burial
Bursa
SpouseDespot Constantine (m. ? - dead before 1370)
​
(m. 1378)​
HouseSratsimir
FatherIvan Alexander
MotherSarah-Theodora

Kera Tamara (Bulgarian: Кера Тамара; c. 1340 - c. 1389, known also as Tamara Hatun) was a Bulgarian princess, the daughter of the Bulgarian Emperor Ivan Alexander and his second wife Sarah-Theodora, and the legal wife of the Ottoman Sultan Murad I.

Life

Kera Tamara was a sister of Ivan Shishman and Ivan Sratsimir. She was born probably around 1340[1] and originates from the Sratsimir dynasty.

The first husband of Kera Tamara was despot Constantine. According to one theory he was the despot of Velbazhd Constantine Dragash whose daughter Helena Dragash married the Byzantine Emperor Manuel II and became mother of the last Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI. However, that theory has been dismissed by the historians because in 1371 Kera Tamara was already a widow while Constantine Dragash died in 1395. Therefore, despot Constantine who was depicted in the Tetraevangelia of Ivan Alexander next to the Bulgarian princess was another man.

Tsar Shishman delivers up his sister to sultan Murad I

As early as 1371 when Ivan Alexander died and Ivan Shishman inherited the throne, in the capital Tarnovo arrived ambassadors from the Ottoman Sultan Murad I to arrange his relations with the new Emperor of Bulgaria. The Sultan who was obviously familiar with the beauty of Kera Tamara and the fact that she was a widow demanded her to become his wife as a guarantee for the peace between the two counties.[2] Ivan Shishman managed to divert his demand and prolonged his decision for seven years. On that occasion an anonymous Bulgarian chronicle from the 15th century records:

...And on the throne came Shishman, son of Alexander. Amorat [Murad] sent to him men to ask for his sister, but he did not want to give his sister, Tsarina Kera Tamara...[2]

However, in 1378 when his attempts to stop the Turks failed, Ivan Shishman reluctantly sent Kera Tamara in the harem of the Sultan in the Ottoman capital Bursa.[2] She kept her Christian faith. In the Boril Synadnik her fate was praised as a self-sacrifice:

...For Kera Tamara, daughter of the great Emperor Ivan Alexander, great princess, wife of the great emir Amurat, to whom she was given for the sake of the Bulgarian people. And she, when she arrived there, kept her True faith, freed her people, lived well and pious and died in peace, may her memory live forever...[3]

The grave of Kera Tamara remains today in Bursa in the family tomb of the Ottoman dynasty next to the grave of Murad I and the visitor know it as the place of "the Bulgarian Empress Maria". According to Kera Tamara's will, her tomb remained uncovered and barley was sowed on her grave.

Sources

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kera Thamara of Bulgaria.
  1. ^ Czamańska, Ilona (2013). "Chrześcijańskie małżonki sułtanów tureckich. Małżeństwa polityczne w imperium osmańskim XIV i XV wieku". Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et Studia. 20: 53. doi:10.14746/bp.2013.20.5. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Павлов, Пламен. Търновските царици. В.Т.:ДАР-РХ, 2006.
  3. ^ Павлов, Пламен. Търновските царици. В.Т.:ДАР-РХ, 2006.
  • Queens of Tarnovo, Plamen Pavlov, 2006

Read other articles:

Georgi Shchennikov

Georgi Shchennikov Shchennikov membela Rusia pada tahun 2014Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Georgi Mikhailovich ShchennikovTanggal lahir 27 April 1991 (umur 32)Tempat lahir Moscow, Uni SovietTinggi 1,78 m (5 ft 10 in)Posisi bermain BekInformasi klubKlub saat ini PFC CSKA MoscowNomor 42Karier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)2008– PFC CSKA Moscow 117 (0)Tim nasional‡2009–2013 Rusia U-21 18 (1)2012– Rusia 4 (0) * Penampilan dan gol di klub senior hanya dihitung dari liga ...

 

List of Empire ships (H)

WWII Cargo Ships Hundreds of Empire ships were employed by the Government of the United Kingdom.[1] They were acquired from a number of sources: many were built for the government; others obtained from the United States; still others were captured or seized from enemy powers. Empire ships were mostly used during World War II by the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT), which owned the ships but contracted out their management to various shipping lines; however, some ships requisitioned du...

 

Tomasz Mathea

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Polish. (December 2016) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are...

University of Pittsburgh Varsity Marching Band

College marching band in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh Varsity Marching BandNicknamePitt BandSchoolUniversity of PittsburghLocationPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaConferenceACCFounded14 October 1911; 112 years ago (1911-10-14)DirectorDr. Brad Townsend[1][2]Assistant DirectorDr. Will SuggMembers315Fight songHail to PittUniform[[File:Blue jackets with script Pitt, gold and white horizontal stripes, and a long gold and white diagonal stripe on the fr...

 

The Pony Express (1907 film)

1907 American filmThe Pony ExpressAdvertising published by The Moving Picture World, vol 1 p 226Directed bySidney OlcottProduced bySidney OlcottStarringSidney OlcottRobert VignolaJoe SantleyProductioncompanyKalem CompanyRelease date June 1, 1907 (1907-06-01) Running time880 ftCountryUnited StatesLanguagesSilent film(English intertitles) The Pony Express is an American silent fiction film[1] produced by Kalem Company and directed by Sidney Olcott with Sidney Olcott, Rob...

 

Carte de Ferraris

Cet article est une ébauche concernant l’histoire et la géographie. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Carte de Maastricht. Carte de Liège alors en Principauté de Liège. La carte de Ferraris ou carte des Pays-Bas autrichiens est une carte historique établie entre 1770 et 1778 par le comte Joseph de Ferraris, directeur de l'école de mathématique du corps d'artillerie des Pays-Bas, sur comma...

Supercoppa di Slovenia 2014

Supercoppa di Slovenia 2014Supercoppa di Slovenia Competizione Supercoppa di Slovenia Sport Calcio Edizione 10ª Date 13 agosto 2014 Luogo  Slovenia Partecipanti 2 Risultati Vincitore Maribor(4º titolo) Secondo Gorica Statistiche Miglior marcatore Dare Vršič (2) Incontri disputati 1 Gol segnati 5 (5 per incontro) Pubblico 600 (600 per incontro) Cronologia della competizione 2013 2015 Manuale La Supercoppa slovena 2014 è stata disputata il 13 agosto 2014 allo Športni park ...

 

Carolingian Empire

Frankish empire in Western and Central Europe (800–887) Carolingian EmpireImperium Romanum, Universum Regnum, Romanorum sive, Francorum Imperium, Imperium Christianum (Latin)800–887The Carolingian Empire at its greatest extent in 814   Frankish realms and marches   Tributary states CapitalMetz,[1] AachenOfficial languagesMedieval LatinCommon languagesFrankishOld FrenchOld Low GermanOld High GermanOld DutchOld FrisianGallo-Italic languagesOld Occi...

 

Человек прямоходящий

† Человек прямоходящий Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:Синапсиды�...

Mercedes Cup 2003

Mercedes Cup 2003 Sport Tennis Data 14 luglio – 20 luglio Edizione 26a Superficie Terra rossa Campioni Singolare Guillermo Coria Doppio Tomáš Cibulec / Pavel Vízner 2002 2004 Il Mercedes Cup 2003 è stato un torneo di tennis giocato sulla terra rossa. È stata la 26ª edizione del Mercedes Cup, che fa parte della categoria International Series Gold nell'ambito dell'ATP Tour 2003. Si è giocato a Stoccarda in Germania, dal 14 al 20 luglio 2003. Indice 1 Campioni 1.1 Singolare 1.2 Doppio ...

 

Население Татарстана

Численность населения республики по данным Росстата составляет 4 003 016[1] чел. (2024). Татарстан занимает 8-е место по численности населения среди субъектов Российской Федерации[2]. Плотность населения — 59,00 чел./км² (2024). Городское население — 76,72[3] % (20...

 

هنود

هنودمعلومات عامةنسبة التسمية الهند التعداد الكليالتعداد قرابة 1.21 مليار[1][2]تعداد الهند عام 2011ق. 1.32 مليار[3]تقديرات عام 2017ق. 30.8 مليون[4]مناطق الوجود المميزةبلد الأصل الهند البلد الهند  الهند نيبال 4,000,000[5] الولايات المتحدة 3,982,398[6] الإمار...

Matthew Macfadyen

English actor (born 1974) Matthew MacfadyenMacfayden in 2019BornDavid Matthew Macfadyen (1974-10-17) 17 October 1974 (age 49)Great Yarmouth, EnglandEducationRoyal Academy of Dramatic Art (BA)OccupationActorYears active1994–presentSpouse Keeley Hawes ​(m. 2004)​Children2 David Matthew Macfadyen (/məkˈfædiən/; born 17 October 1974) is an English actor. Known for his performances on stage and screen, he gained prominence for his role as Mr. Darcy in J...

 

European Movement UK

Pro-Europe pressure group European Movement UKFormation1949TypePressure groupHeadquartersMillbank Tower, 30 Millbank, London, SW1P 4DULocationUnited KingdomMembership 22,000+Official language EnglishCEONick HarveyChairmanMike GalsworthyPresidentLord HeseltineVice PresidentSir Vince CableStaff 20Websiteeuropeanmovement.co.uk Part of a series of articles onBrexit Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union Glossary of terms Background European Communities Act 1975 EC membership ref...

 

Catholic theology

Study of the doctrines of the Catholic Church For broader coverage of this topic, see Christian theology. Part of a series on theCatholic ChurchSt. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City Overview Pope: Francis Hierarchy History (timeline) Theology Liturgy Sacraments Mary Background Jesus Crucifixion Resurrection Ascension Early Christianity Peter Paul Fathers History of the Catholic Church History of the papacy Ecumenical councils Magisterium Four Marks of the Church One true church Apostolic success...

David Young, Baron Young of Graffham

British politician (1932–2022) This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (December 2022) The Right HonourableThe Lord Young of GraffhamCH PC DLYoung c. 2000Secretary of State for Trade and IndustryPresident of the Board of TradeIn office13 June 1987 – 24 July 1989Prime MinisterMargaret ThatcherPreceded byPaul Channo...

 

Hova (Madagascar)

One of three main historic castes in the Merina Kingdom This article is about a caste among the Merina people in Madagascar. For other uses, see Hova. A Hova man, or free commoner, of the Merina people in 1896. The Hova, or free commoners, were one of the three principal historical castes in the Merina Kingdom of Madagascar, alongside the Andriana (nobles) and Andevo (slaves). The term hova originally applied to all members of a Malagasy clan (possibly of the Zafiraminia people) that migrated...

 

Shaun Derry

Shaun DerryNazionalità Inghilterra Altezza183 cm Peso81 kg Calcio RuoloAllenatore (ex centrocampista) Squadra Crystal Palace Termine carriera6 novembre 2013 - giocatore CarrieraSquadre di club1 1995-1998 Notts County82 (4)1998-2000 Sheffield Utd72 (0)2000-2002 Portsmouth49 (1)2000-2004 Crystal Palace83 (3)2004-2005 Nottingham Forest7 (0)2005-2007 Leeds Utd74 (3)2007-2010 Crystal Palace115 (0)2010-2013 QPR92 (0)2013→  Millwall7 (0) Carr...

Castello di Castel d'Ario

Castello di Castel d'ArioCastello di CastellaroUbicazioneStato attuale Italia RegioneLombardia CittàCastel d'Ario IndirizzoPiazza Castello - 46033 Castel D'Ario (MN) Coordinate45°11′30.01″N 10°58′31.8″E45°11′30.01″N, 10°58′31.8″E Informazioni generaliTipoCastello medievale CostruzioneXI secolo-XIII secolo MaterialeCiottoli, malta, laterizio Primo proprietarioPrincipato vescovile di Trento DemolizioneXVIII secolo Condizione attualeparzialmente in rovina Proprietario a...

 

List of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies characters

The Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of animated shorts released by Warner Bros. feature a range of characters which are listed and briefly detailed here. Major characters from the franchise include Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Elmer Fudd, Foghorn Leghorn, Granny, Lola Bunny, Marvin the Martian, Pepé Le Pew, Porky Pig, Speedy Gonzales, Sylvester the Cat, the Tasmanian Devil (Taz), Tweety, Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner and Yosemite Sam. This list does not include characters from Loone...