St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Church in Kamianske between 1900 and 1905.
The first written evidence of settlement in the territory of Kamianske appeared in 1750. At that time the villages of Romankove and Kamianske, which make up the modern city, formed a part of the Nova ("New") Sich of the Zaporozhian Cossacks. The city was known as Kamianske (Ukrainian: Кам'янське; Russian: Каменское, romanized: Kamenskoye, lit.'Stony Place') until 1936,[4] when it was renamed Dniprodzerzhynsk – the name honored the Dnieper River and the Bolshevik leader Felix Dzerzhynsky (1877–1926), the founder of the Soviet secret police, the Cheka.
On 11 August 1979, two Aeroflot passenger jets collided in mid-air near Dniprodzerzhynsk, killing all 178 people on both aircraft.
Until 18 July 2020, Kamianske was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Kamianske Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven. The area of Kamianske Municipality was merged into newly established Kamianske Raion.[7][8]
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, on 8 April 2022, almost 12,000 people from the surrounding areas were temporarily evacuated to the city due to active hostilities.[9] By 1 September, the number had increased to 35,000 people.[10]
Population
Ethnic groups
Distribution of the population by ethnicity according to the 2001 census:[11]
While mostly located on the right bank of the Dnieper, Kamianske stretches over the hydroelectric station onto the left bank where the portion of city is known as "Livyi bereh" neighborhood (literally Left bank). The neighborhood arches to the west of the Kamianske's suburb of Kurylivka.
To the east Kamianske municipality borders Dnipro city creating an urban sprawl.
Kamianske is a city with a very difficult environmental conditions. The city is on the top 10 of the most air-polluted cities of Ukraine.[13] There have been suggestions to assign the status of the ecological disaster city. Right-bank part of the city is mostly polluted, where the metallurgical, chemical industrial enterprises are located.
In 2008, an interdepartmental commission for solving environmental problems was created.[14]
Pivdennyi District (south and eastern city parts)[17][18]
settlements: Karnaukhivka, Svitle
neighborhoods: Sotsmisto, Pivdennyi, Bahliy Coke Factory, DniproAzot and Prydniprovskyi Chemical Factory
Economy
The economic base of Kamianske is almost exclusively centered on heavy industry, with ferrous metallurgy being the backbone of the local economy. Around 57% of the total industrial production is metallurgy and metal working. The chemical industry comes second with a 17% share of the total industrial output.[19] While the exceedingly industrialized nature of the local economy ensures a rather high employment rate (as of 1 November 2007, official unemployment stood at 1.40%),[20] it also contributes to excessive pollution and radiation levels in the city.[21]
Several Eastern Orthodox churches, the largest being the Orthodox Cathedral of Saint Nicholas, which dates from 1894,[22] serve the faithful of the city. By 2018, there were 22 parishes of Ukrainian Orthodox Church in Kamianske.[23]
The Roman Catholic Church of Saint Nicholas[24] built by the city's Polish community at the end of the nineteenth century, has become one of the centers of Roman Catholicism in Eastern Ukraine. The Catholic Parish of Saint Nicholas also includes a monastery run by the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin.[24]
The city has an active Jewish community with a large synagogue and a charity center.[25]
^"Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України. 17 July 2020. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
^Чугай Н. С. Климат и климатические ресурсы Днепропетровщины. — Днепропетровск: Изд-во Днепропетровского отделения географического общества, 1973. — с.11-18.
^Географічна енциклопедія України: в 3х т.- К.: «Українська радянська енциклопедія» ім. М. П. Бажана,1989. — Т.1: А-Ж. — с.335
^"General Characteristics" (in Ukrainian). Dniprodzerzhynsk City Council home page. Archived from the original on 15 September 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
^"Statistics" (in Ukrainian). Dniprodzerzhynsk City Council home page. Archived from the original on 15 September 2008. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
^Belitskaia, EN (May–June 1996). "[The characteristics of the air pollution of an industrial region]". Likarska Sprava (5–6): 74–8. PMID9377406.
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