Jefimija

Saint

Jefimija
Јефимија
Jelena Mrnjavčević
Јелена Мрњавчевић
Fresco detail in Ljubostinja Monastery
BornЈелена Немањић
Jelena Nemanjić
AttributesOrthodox Nun
Christian poetry
Writing career
Native name
Jelena Mrnjavčević
OccupationNun
NationalityMedieval Serbian
Years active14th century
Notable worksRoyal doors curtain of Hilandar; covering of Prince Lazar's
Poem Her Lament for a Dead Son
Poem Encomium of Prince Lazar Ark
SpouseJovan Uglješa Mrnjavčević
ChildrenUglješa Mrnjavčević Despotović
RelativesVojihna Nemanjić of Drama (father)
Jelena (mother)

Jefimija (Serbian Cyrillic: Јефимија, Serbian pronunciation: [jěfiːmija]; 1349–1405), secular name Jelena Mrnjavčević (Serbian Cyrillic: Јелена Мрњавчевић, pronounced [jělena mr̩̂ɲaːʋtʃeʋitɕ] or [mr̩ɲǎːʋ-]), daughter of Caesar Vojihna, member of the collateral branch of Nemanjić dynasty and widow of Jovan Uglješa Mrnjavčević, is considered the first female Serbian poet. Jefimija's mother, Caesaraea Jelena, after the death of her husband became an Orthodox nun under the name Jevpraksija (Eupraxia) and in 1358 made a considerable donation to the Koutloumousiou monastery.[1][2]

Biography

Jefimija's Lament for a Dead Son and Encomium of Prince Lazar are famous in the canon of medieval Serbian literature.[3][4] Her lament for her beloved son was carved on the back of the diptych, (two-panelled icon representing a virgin and Child) which Teodosije, Bishop of Serres, had presented as a gift to the infant Uglješa at his baptism. The infant child Uglješa Mernjavčević Despotović lived only until the age of 4 and is buried next to his maternal grandfather, Caesar Vojihna of Drama, in the Hilandar monastery.[5] The piece of art has Jefemija's lament engraved on its back.[6] Apart from being considered the first Serbian female poet, Jefimija was also as a skilled needlewoman and an engraver, whose works were saved and preserved until today.

Encomium of Prince Lazar

  • Embroidered cross standard
    Embroidered cross standard
  • Embroidered iconography
    Embroidered iconography
  • Poem
    Poem

Issue

Jefimija and her husband Despot Jovan Uglješa, member of the ruling House of Mrnjavčević had, at least three children, two boys and one girl, who was the only one to reach adulthood:[7]

  • Tvrtko Mrnjavčević Despotović (d. 1366)
  • Uglješa Mrnjavčević Despotović (d. 1371), buried in the Hilandar monastery next to Vojihna, his maternal grandfather
  • Eupraxia Mrnjavčević Despotović, became a nun in 1405

Legacy

She is included in The 100 most prominent Serbs.

See also

References

  1. ^ The medieval aristocracy on Mount Athos, p. 102
  2. ^ Андрејић, Живојин. "Живојин Андрејић - МОНАХИЊА ЈЕФИМИЈА, ЋЕРКА ЋЕСАРА ВОЈИХНЕ, УНУКА ВЛАДИСЛАВА II, ПАРАУНУКА КРАЉА ДРАГУТИНА". ЈЕФИМИЈА 14, Трстеник 2004, стр. 97-108.
  3. ^ Gavrilović 2006, pp. 78–79.
  4. ^ Hawkesworth, Celia (2000). Voices in the Shadows: Women and Verbal Art in Serbia and Bosnia. Central European University Press. p. 80.
  5. ^ "Despotica Jelena, monahinja Jefimija | MetHistArt".
  6. ^ Pavlikianov, Cyril (2001). The Medieval Aristocracy on Mount Athos: Philological and Documentary Evidence for the Activity of Byzantine, Georgian and Slav Aristocrats and Eminent Churchmen in the Monasteries of Mount Athos from the 10th to the 15th Century. Sofia: Center for Slavo-Byzantine Studies. ISBN 9789540715957.
  7. ^ "Balkan 6".

Sources

Further reading

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