The javelin throw at the World Athletics Championships has been contested by both men and women since the inaugural edition in 1983. The competition format typically has one qualifying round contested by two groups of athletes, with all those clearing the automatic qualifying distance or placing in top twelve overall advancing to the final round.
Overall, the Czech Republic has been the most successful nation in the event, winning 7 gold medals in total and 13 medals overall. Germany has won the most medals out of any country, with 18 medals in total, including 5 golds. Norway is the only country aside from the Czech Republic and Germany to have won gold medals in both the men's and the women's event. Finland has seen significant success in the men's event, topping the men's medal table with 4 golds and 9 medals overall.
Jan Železný is the most successful and most decorated athlete in the event, having won 5 medals in total, including 3 golds. His compatriot Barbora Špotáková is the most successful female athlete, with 3 medals in total, all of them gold.Christina Obergföll and Steffi Nerius are the most decorated female athletes, with 4 medals in total.