Interstitial site

In crystallography, interstitial sites, holes or voids are the empty space that exists between the packing of atoms (spheres) in the crystal structure.^{[citation needed]}

The holes are easy to see if you try to pack circles together; no matter how close you get them or how you arrange them, you will have empty space in between. The same is true in a unit cell; no matter how the atoms are arranged, there will be interstitial sites present between the atoms. These sites or holes can be filled with other atoms (interstitial defect). The picture with packed circles is only a 2D representation. In a crystal lattice, the atoms (spheres) would be packed in a 3D arrangement. This results in different shaped interstitial sites depending on the arrangement of the atoms in the lattice.

Close packed

A close packed unit cell, both face-centered cubic and hexagonal close packed, can form two different shaped holes. Looking at the three green spheres in the hexagonal packing illustration at the top of the page, they form a triangle-shaped hole. If an atom is arranged on top of this triangular hole it forms a tetrahedral interstitial hole. If the three atoms in the layer above are rotated and their triangular hole sits on top of this one, it forms an octahedral interstitial hole.^{[citation needed]} In a close-packed structure there are 4 atoms per unit cell and it will have 4 octahedral voids (1:1 ratio) and 8 tetrahedral voids (1:2 ratio) per unit cell.^[1] The tetrahedral void is smaller in size and could fit an atom with a radius 0.225 times the size of the atoms making up the lattice. An octahedral void could fit an atom with a radius 0.414 times the size of the atoms making up the lattice.^[1] An atom that fills this empty space could be larger than this ideal radius ratio, which would lead to a distorted lattice due to pushing out the surrounding atoms, but it cannot be smaller than this ratio.^[1]

Face-centered cubic (FCC)

If half of the tetrahedral sites of the parent FCC lattice are filled by ions of opposite charge, the structure formed is the zincblende crystal structure. If all the tetrahedral sites of the parent FCC lattice are filled by ions of opposite charge, the structure formed is the fluorite structure or antifluorite structure. If all the octahedral sites of the parent FCC lattice are filled by ions of opposite charge, the structure formed is the rock-salt structure.

Hexagonal close packed (HCP)

If half of the tetrahedral sites of the parent HCP lattice are filled by ions of opposite charge, the structure formed is the wurtzite crystal structure. If all the octahedral sites of the anion HCP lattice are filled by cations, the structure formed is the nickel arsenide structure.

Simple cubic

A simple cubic unit cell, with stacks of atoms arranged as if at the eight corners of a cube would form a single cubic hole or void in the center. If these voids are occupied by ions of opposite charge from the parent lattice, the cesium chloride structure is formed.

Body-centered cubic (BCC)

A body-centered cubic unit cell has six octahedral voids located at the center of each face of the unit cell, and twelve further ones located at the midpoint of each edge of the same cell, for a total of six net octahedral voids. Additionally, there are 24 tetrahedral voids located in a square spacing around each octahedral void, for a total of twelve net tetrahedral voids. These tetrahedral voids are not local maxima and are not technically voids, but they do occasionally appear in multi-atom unit cells.

Interstitial defect

An interstitial defect refers to additional atoms occupying some interstitial sites at random as crystallographic defects in a crystal which normally has empty interstitial sites by default.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "Study of Interstitial Voids". Archived from the original on 2020-08-04.

Read other articles:

Juan Pablo I

Juan Pablo I Fotografía oficial, 1978 Papa de la Iglesia católica 26 de agosto-28 de septiembre de 1978Secretario personal Diego LorenziPredecesor Pablo VISucesor Juan Pablo IIInformación religiosaOrdenación sacerdotal 7 de julio de 1935 por Giosuè CattarossiOrdenación episcopal 15 de diciembre de 1958 por Juan XXIIIProclamación cardenalicia 5 de marzo de 1973 por Pablo VICulto públicoBeatificación 4 de septiembre de 2022por FranciscoFestividad 26 de agosto[1]Patronazgo Canale...

Pertempuran Suomussalmi

Pertempuran Suomussalmi adalah pertempuran antara pasukan Finlandia dan Uni Soviet yang menjadi bagian dari Perang Musim Dingin. Pertempuran ini berlangsung dari 7 Desember 1939 sampai dengan 8 Januari 1940. Finlandia memenangkan pertempuran ini melawan pasukan superior. Suomussalmi dianggap sebagai kemenangan Finlandia paling jelas, paling penting, dan paling signifikan di bagian utara Finlandia.[1] Di Finlandia, pertempuran ini masih dilihat sebagai simbol dari keseluruhan Perang Mu...

Academy (film)

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada November 2022. AcademySutradaraGavin YoungsProduserFumiko HonmaDitulis olehGavin YoungsPemeranMariko TakahashiPaul AshtonErica BaronMegan DruryTaiyo SugiuraDaniel MaloneyNick HosePenata musikEiko YamaguchiTHEME SONG：LISA「brilliant starr」SinematograferMar...

Penyatuan Samoa

Kepulauan Samoa; Samoa di barat dan Samoa Amerika di timur. Isu penyatuan (atau penyatuan kembali) Samoa (sebuah negara merdeka) dengan Samoa Amerika (teritori Amerika Serikat) telah diangkat semenjak pertengahan pertama abad ke-20. Kedua wilayah ini merupakan bagian dari Kepulauan Samoa dan dihuni oleh kelompok etnis dengan budaya yang sama. Wilayah tersebut terbagi menjadi dua oleh keputusan Amerika Serikat, Britania Raya dan Kekaisaran Jerman (lihat Konvensi Tiga Pihak). Pada t...

Augusta Raurica

Augusta Raurica Temple à Augusta Raurica Localisation Pays Suisse Coordonnées 47° 32′ 02″ nord, 7° 43′ 17″ est Géolocalisation sur la carte : Suisse Augusta RauricaAugusta Raurica modifier Augusta Raurica est un site archéologique suisse, ainsi que la plus ancienne ville romaine présente dans la vallée du Rhin Supérieur. Il se situe à 10 km à l'est de Bâle. Le musée romain d'Augst comportant un musée archéologique en plein ...

Écrainville

Écrainville La mairie Administration Pays France Région Normandie Département Seine-Maritime Arrondissement Le Havre Intercommunalité Communauté de communes Campagne de Caux Maire Mandat Claire Guéroult 2020-2026 Code postal 76110 Code commune 76224 Démographie Gentilé Ecrainvillais, Ecrainvillaises Populationmunicipale 969 hab. (2021 ) Densité 76 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 49° 39′ 09″ nord, 0° 19′ 17″ est Altitude Min. 58...

Kieron Pollard

West Indian cricketer This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (March 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Kieron PollardPersonal informationFull nameKieron Adrian PollardBorn (1987-05-12) 12 May 1987 (age 36)Tacarigua, Trinidad and TobagoNicknamePollyBattingRight-handedBowlingRight-arm mediumRoleBatting all-rounderInternational information National sideWest In...

Religious views on truth

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (July 2019) This list is complete and up to date as of Islam, Eastern religions and more. This article needs additional citations for verification....

Andrea Campbell

American politician (born 1982) Andrea CampbellOfficial portrait, 202345th Attorney General of MassachusettsIncumbentAssumed office January 18, 2023GovernorMaura HealeyPreceded byMaura HealeyPresident of the Boston City CouncilIn officeJanuary 2018 – January 2020Preceded byMichelle WuSucceeded byKim JaneyMember of the Boston City Councilfrom the 4th districtIn officeJanuary 4, 2016 – January 3, 2022Preceded byCharles YanceySucceeded byBrian Worrell Personal detailsBo...

Bactériochlorophylle

Schéma général de la structure des bactériochlorophylles. Les bactériochlorophylles sont des pigments photosynthétiques présents chez différentes bactéries autotrophes. Elles sont proches des chlorophylles, les pigments primaires chez les plantes, les algues et les cyanobactéries. Les bactéries contenant des bactériochlorophylles effectuent la photosynthèse, mais ne produisent pas de dioxygène, elles utilisent des longueurs d'onde de la lumière différentes de celles utilisées...

Cienfuegos

For other uses, see Cienfuegos (disambiguation). Municipality in CubaCienfuegosMunicipalityTypical old street in Cienfuegos FlagCoat of armsNickname: La Perla del Sur (Pearl of the South)Cienfuegos municipality (red) within Cienfuegos Province (yellow) and CubaCoordinates: 22°08′44″N 80°26′11″W / 22.14556°N 80.43639°W / 22.14556; -80.43639CountryCubaProvinceCienfuegosFounded1819[1]Government • PresidentSantiago González AcostaArea&...

الخطوط الجوية الباشكرية

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (ديسمبر 2015) الخطوط الجوية الباشكريةBAL Bashkirian Airlines إياتاV9 إيكاوBTC رمز النداءBRAVO TANGO CHARLIE تاريخ الإنشاء 1991 الجنسية روسيا التوقف عن النشاط 2007 المطارات الرئيسية مطار أوفا...

واري (حضارة)

واري الأرض والسكان الحكم التأسيس والسيادة التاريخ تاريخ التأسيس 600 وسيط property غير متوفر. تعديل مصدري - تعديل دولة واري في أقصى توسع لها (باللون القرمزي) مع دولة تياواناكو واري (بالإسبانية: Huari)‏ هي حضارة قديمة ازدهرت في فترة الأفق الأوسط في جبال الأنديز في جنوب وسط ...

Portrait of a Man in a Red Cap

Painting by Titian Man in a Red CapArtistTitianYearc. 1510–1516 (c. 1510–1516)MediumOil on canvasDimensions82.2 cm × 71.1 cm (32.4 in × 28.0 in)LocationFrick Collection, New York City Portrait of a Man in a Red Cap, also known as Man with a Red Cap,[1] is an oil painting by the Venetian painter Titian, made in about 1516. It is part of the Frick Collection in New York City. Date Two portraits of young men have been ascri...

Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah

Artikel ini perlu dikembangkan dari artikel terkait di Wikipedia bahasa Inggris. (Maret 2024) klik [tampil] untuk melihat petunjuk sebelum menerjemahkan. Lihat versi terjemahan mesin dari artikel bahasa Inggris. Terjemahan mesin Google adalah titik awal yang berguna untuk terjemahan, tapi penerjemah harus merevisi kesalahan yang diperlukan dan meyakinkan bahwa hasil terjemahan tersebut akurat, bukan hanya salin-tempel teks hasil terjemahan mesin ke dalam Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia. Janga...

List of heads of government of Romania

Politics of Romania Constitution Referendums 1991 (adoption) 2003 (amendments) Constitutional Court Government President (list) Klaus Iohannis Prime Minister (list) Marcel Ciolacu Cabinet (current, list) Parliament Senate President: Nicolae Ciucă Standing Bureau Chamber of Deputies President: Daniel Suciu Standing Bureau Judiciary High Court of Cassation and Justice Constitutional Court Ombudsman Judicial reform Political parties Parliamentary National Liberal Party (PNL) Social Democratic ...

Madonna del Belvedere

Madonna del BelvedereAutoreRaffaello Sanzio Data1506 TecnicaOlio su tavola Dimensioni113×88 cm UbicazioneKunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna Dettaglio La Madonna del Belvedere (o Madonna del Prato) è un dipinto olio su tavola (113x88 cm) di Raffaello Sanzio, datato 1506 e conservato nel Kunsthistorisches Museum di Vienna. La data M.D.VI. si trova sull'orlo dell'abito della Vergine. Indice 1 Storia 2 Descrizione e stile 3 Altre immagini 4 Bibliografia 5 Voci correlate 6 Altri progetti 7 Co...

Timeline of Alberta history

This article is part of a series onAlberta Topics Constitution Culture History Politics Separatism History Aboriginal Pre-Confederation Early 20th century World War II Post-war Politics Political history Liberal / Social Credit dominance Progressive Conservative dominance Recent politics Timeline of Alberta historyvte Below is a brief timeline covering the history of the province of Alberta and its history pre-1905. Pre-history Date Event Reference c. 8000 BC Head-Smashed-in-Buffalo-Jump is ...

Ethiopian Airlines

Pour les articles homonymes, voir ETH. Ethiopian Airlines Codes IATAOACIIndicatif d'appel ET ETH ETHIOPIAN Repères historiques Date de création 21 décembre 1945 Généralités Basée à Aéroport international de Bolé Autres bases Aéroport international de Lomé-Tokoin Programme de fidélité Sheba Miles Alliance Star Alliance Taille de la flotte 147 (2024) Nombre de destinations 155 (passagers) + 58 (cargo) Siège social Addis-Abeba, Éthiopie Société mère Gouvernement éthiopien (1...

Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

Women's 4 × 100 metres relayat the Games of the XVII OlympiadVenueOlympic StadiumDatesSeptember 7 (heats)September 8 (final)Medalists Martha HudsonLucinda WilliamsBarbara JonesWilma Rudolph United States Martha LangbeinAnni BiechlBrunhilde HendrixJutta Heine United Team of Germany Teresa CiepłyBarbara JaniszewskaCelina JesionowskaHalina Richter Poland← 19561964 → Athletics at the1960 Summer OlympicsTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmen800 mmenwo...