Illumination (Earth, Wind & Fire album)

Illumination
Studio album by
ReleasedSeptember 20, 2005
Recorded2004–2005
Genre
Length60:04
LabelSanctuary
Producer
Earth, Wind & Fire chronology
Love Songs
(2004)
Illumination
(2005)
Playlist: The Very Best of Earth, Wind & Fire
(2008)
Singles from Illumination
  1. "The Way You Move"
    Released: 2004
  2. "Show Me The Way"
    Released: 2004
  3. "Pure Gold"
    Released: 2005
  4. "To You"
    Released: 2005

Illumination is the nineteenth studio album by American band Earth, Wind & Fire, released in September 2005 on Sanctuary.[1] The album rose to No. 8 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and No. 32 on the Billboard 200 chart. Illumination was also Grammy nominated within the category of Best R&B Album.[2][3][4] It is the final Earth, Wind & Fire album to feature their founder and co-lead vocalist Maurice White.

Overview

Guest artists Big Boi, Kenny G, Kelly Rowland, will.i.am, Floetry and Brian McKnight are featured on Illumination.[1]

Singles

A track titled "Pure Gold" rose to No. 23 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary singles chart and No. 15 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart.[5][6]

Another single titled "The Way You Move" feat. Kenny G reached No. 12 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary Songs chart.[7]

A song called "Show Me the Way" feat. Raphael Saadiq rose to No. 16 upon the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart.[8] "Show Me the Way" was also Grammy nominated in the category of Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals.[4]

Another track titled "To You" which featured Brian McKnight reached No. 16 upon the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart and No. 29 on the Billboard Smooth Jazz Songs chart.[9][10]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Allmusic[11]
BBC(favorable):[12]
Rolling Stone[13]
New York Daily News(favorable)[14]
Washington Post(favorable)[15]
Entertainment Weekly(favourable)[16]
The Times[17]
USA Today[18]
The Guardian[19]
About[20]
The Daily Telegraph(favourable)[21]

Raymond Fiore of Entertainment Weekly declared "Earth, Wind & Fire’s Illumination is a fluid, unforced marriage of modern beats and retro, horn-lined soul.".[16] Antony Hatfield of the BBC stated "Illumination is a great all star team effort, which should appeal to fans of all concerned."[12] Bill Lamb of About gave a four out of five star rating and found that "Illumination is a truly classic package" that "effortlessly straddles the divide between classic and contemporary r&b."[20] Jim Farber of the New York Daily News said "Their latest work features production and/or guest appearances from current hit makers like Will I. Am from the Black Eyed Peas, Big Boi from OutKast, Kelly Rowland from Destiny's Child, plus Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Raphael Saadiq and others. All these guests haven't overwhelmed Maurice White's great band. They've just freshened it up. Singer Philip Bailey sounds as buttery as ever, and the band's tart horn arrangements and melodies extend the buoyancy and pleasure of their hits."[14] Ben Thompson of The Daily Telegraph wrote "Illumination does find them successfully holding their own alongside some of the biggest names of the 21st century."[21] David Wild of Rolling Stone proclaimed "Illumination, taps into Santana's now-familiar Supernatural formula: Give a veteran great a hip replacement by surrounding it with lots of gifted youngbloods. On Illumination, the formula works well largely because the parties involved — including Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Raphael Saadiq and Black Eyed Peas' Will.i.am — seem to sincerely treasure the EWF sound. "[22] Dave Simpson of The Guardian gave a four out of five star rating, describing the album as "an often storming return to form."[19] With a 3 out of 5 star rating Steve Jones of USA Today noted "EWF is as vibrant as ever".[18]

Illumination was Grammy nominated in the category of Best R&B Album. The album was also nominated for a Soul Train Music Award in the category of Best R&B/Soul Album – Group, Band or Duo. As well Earth, Wind & Fire was nominated for an NAACP Image Award in the category of Outstanding Duo or Group.[4][23][24]

Uses in other media

"This Is How I Feel" was featured in the movie Hitch and "Love's Dance" was featured in the feature film Robots. "Pure Gold" was featured in the movie Roll Bounce.[25]

Track listing

No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Lovely People" (feat. will.i.am)will.i.am, Keith Harriswill.i.am, Keith Harris4:28
2."Pure Gold"James Harris III, Terry Lewis, Tony L. Tolbert, Bobby Ross Avila, Issiah J. AvilaJimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Bobby Ross Avila & IZ4:40
3."A Talking Voice (Interlude)" (All Vocals performed by Philip Bailey)Philip BaileyPhilip Bailey0:19
4."Love's Dance"James Harris III, Terry Lewis, Tony L. TolbertJimmy Jam and Terry Lewis4:28
5."Show Me The Way" (feat. Raphael Saadiq)Raphael Saadiq, Taura JacksonRaphael Saadiq7:47
6."This Is How I Feel" (feat. Kelly Rowland, Big Boi & Sleepy Brown)Patrick Brown, Antwan Patton, Marqueze Ethridge, Ray Murray, Rico WadeOrganized Noize4:21
7."Work It Out"Sir James Bailey, Taura Jackson, Raphael Saadiq, Kelvin WootenRaphael Saadiq4:29
8."Pass You By"Raphael Saadiq, Taura JacksonRaphael Saadiq4:59
9."The One"Brandon "Shug" Bennett, Patrick Brown, Samuel Christian, Ray Murray, Rico WadeOrganized Noize5:11
10."Elevated" (feat. Floetry)Marsha Ambrosius, Natalie Stewart, Darren Henson, Keith PelzerDarren Henson, Keith Pelzer4:37
11."Liberation"Vikter Duplaix, Junius BervineVikter Duplaix5:25
12."To You" (feat. Brian McKnight)Brian McKnightBrian McKnight4:37
13."The Way You Move" (with Kenny G)Antwan Patton, Carlton Mahone Jr., Patrick BrownRaphael Saadiq4:36

Bonus tracks

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
14."Love Together (feat. Raphael Saadiq)"Raphael Saadiq, Keith Harris4:18
15."Autumn (feat. Musiq Soulchild) (only on the Japanese release)" 4:37
16."Let Me Love You (feat. Floetry)"  

[1]

2020 Reissue

No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Lovely People" (feat. will.i.am)will.i.am, Keith Harriswill.i.am, Keith Harris4:28
2."Pure Gold"James Harris III, Terry Lewis, Tony L. Tolbert, Bobby Ross Avila, Issiah J. AvilaJimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Bobby Ross Avila & IZ4:40
3."A Talking Voice (Interlude)" (All Vocals performed by Philip Bailey)Philip BaileyPhilip Bailey0:19
4."Love's Dance"James Harris III, Terry Lewis, Tony L. TolbertJimmy Jam and Terry Lewis4:28
5."Show Me The Way" (feat. Raphael Saadiq)Raphael Saadiq, Taura JacksonRaphael Saadiq7:47
6."This Is How I Feel" (feat. Kelly Rowland, Big Boi & Sleepy Brown)Patrick Brown, Antwan Patton, Marqueze Ethridge, Ray Murray, Rico WadeOrganized Noize4:21
7."Work It Out"Sir James Bailey, Taura Jackson, Raphael Saadiq, Kelvin WootenRaphael Saadiq4:29
8."Pass You By"Raphael Saadiq, Taura JacksonRaphael Saadiq4:59
9."The One"Brandon "Shug" Bennett, Patrick Brown, Samuel Christian, Ray Murray, Rico WadeOrganized Noize5:11
10."Elevated" (feat. Floetry)Marsha Ambrosius, Natalie Stewart, Darren Henson, Keith PelzerDarren Henson, Keith Pelzer4:37
11."Liberation"Vikter Duplaix, Junius BervineVikter Duplaix5:25
12."To You" (feat. Brian McKnight)Brian McKnightBrian McKnight4:37
13."Love Together"Kelvin Wooten, Raphael Saadiq, Rodney Smith 4:18
14."The Way You Move" (with Kenny G)Antwan Patton, Carlton Mahone Jr., Patrick BrownRaphael Saadiq4:36

Bonus tracks

No.TitleWriter(s)Length
15."Lovely People (Instrumental)"Keith Harris, Will I Am4:29
16."Elevated (Instrumental)"Marsha Ambrosius, Natalie Stewart, Darren Henson, Keith Pelzer4:37

[26]

Credits and personnel

EWF members and guest performances
  • Marsha Ambrosius (of Floetry) - background vocals (10)
  • Philip Bailey - lead vocals (1–2, 4, 7–8, 10, 13), background vocals (1–2, 4–5, 7–10, 12–13), bongos (6), percussion (1, 5)
  • Big Boi - rap vocals (6)
  • Sleepy Brown - lead vocals (6), piano, background vocals (9)
  • Kenny G - saxophone (13)
  • Ralph Johnson - additional percussion (11)
  • Myron McKinley - keyboards (11)
  • Brian McKnight - lead vocals, background vocals, guitar, keyboards (12)
  • Greg Moore - guitar (11)
  • Kelly Rowland - lead vocals (6)
  • Raphael Saadiq - lead vocals (5, 14), background vocals (5, 8), piano (8), percussion (5), bass played by (5, additional on 8), guitar (5, 7–8)
  • Natalie Stewart (of Floetry) - lead vocals (10)
  • Maurice White - lead vocals (1–2, 5, 8–9, 12–13), background vocals (1–2, 4–5, 7–9, 12–13), kalimba (1, 4, 10)
  • Verdine White - bass played by (1–2, 4, 6, 8, 11)
  • will.i.am - lead vocals, background vocals (1)
  • Vadim Zilberstein - additional guitar (12)
Horn section
  • Gary Bias (of EWF) - saxophone (1–2, 4–9, 13)
  • Jeff Bradshaw - horn arrangements, trombone (10)
  • Ray Brown - horn orchestrations (7)
  • Matt Cappy - horn arrangements, trumpet (10)
  • EWF Horns - additional horns performed by (13)
  • Gary Grant - trumpet (1–2, 4, 6, 9, 13)
  • Keith Harris - horn arrangements (1)
  • Jerry Hey - horn arrangements (1–2, 4, 13), horn orchestrations (6, 9), trumpet (1–2, 4, 6, 9, 13)
  • Jimmy Jam - horn arrangements (2, 4)
  • Bill Meyers - horn arrangements (5)
  • Bobby Rodriguez - trumpet (5)
  • Raphael Saadiq - horn arrangements (7–8)
  • Nolan Shaheed - trumpet (7–8)
  • Reggie Young (of EWF) - trombone (1–2, 4–9, 13)
String section
  • South Central Chamber Orchestra - strings performed by (9)
  • Charles Veal Jr. - orchestral arrangements (9)
  • Kelvin Wooten - string arrangements (5)
Additional musicians
  • Walter Afanasieff - keyboards, B3 organ played by (13)
  • Bobby Ross Avila - Rhodes electric piano (2), other keyboards, guitar (2, 4)
  • Issiah J. "IZ" Avila - drums, percussion (2, 4)
  • Junius Bervine - additional keyboards (11)
  • Preston Crump - additional bass played by (6)
  • Vikter Duplaix - drum machine, synth bass, additional keyboards (11)
  • Prescott "Glenn P" Ellison - drums (12)
  • Peter Michael Escovedo - percussion (13)
  • Keith Harris - drums, keyboards (1)
  • Darren Henson - all other instruments (10)
  • Doc Holiday - background vocals (5, 8, 12)
  • Jimmy Jam - Rhodes electric piano (4)
  • Emanuel Kiriakou - electric guitar (13)
  • Organized Noize - drum machine (6, 9)
  • Bobby Ozuna - drums, percussion (7–8)
  • Khari Parker - drums (5)
  • Keith Pelzer - all other instruments (10)
  • Neal H. Pogue - additional percussion (6)
  • Prof T. - background vocals (2, 4)
  • Dave Robbins - keyboards (6)
  • Chimere Scott - background vocals (9)
  • Shorty B - guitar (6)
  • Kelvin Wooten - keyboards (5, 7), bass played by (7)
Other arrangers
  • Walter Afanasieff - musical arrangements, rhythm programming (13)
  • Emanuel Kiriakou - music programming (13)
  • Organized Noize - music programming (6, 9)
  • will.i.am - music programming (1)

Charts

Albums

Year Chart Peak
position
2005 US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums[3] 8
US Billboard 200[2] 32
Japan (Oricon)[27] 61
Italy (Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana)[28] 87
France (Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique)[29] 193

Singles

Year Single Chart Position
2004 "The Way You Move" Billboard Adult Contemporary Songs[7] 12
Billboard Adult R&B Songs[30] 25
"Show Me the Way" Billboard Adult R&B Songs[8] 16
2005 "Pure Gold" Billboard Adult Contemporary Songs[5] 23
Billboard Adult R&B Songs[6] 15
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop 76
"To You" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop 71
Billboard Adult R&B Songs[9] 16
Billboard Smooth Jazz Songs[31] 29

References

  1. ^ a b c Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination. Sanctuary Records. September 2005.
  2. ^ a b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination (Billboard 200)". Billboard.com.
  3. ^ a b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination (Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums)". Billboard.com.
  4. ^ a b c "Earth, Wind & Fire". grammy.com. The Recording Academy.
  5. ^ a b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Pure Gold (Adult Contemporary)". billboard.com. Billboard.
  6. ^ a b "Earth, Wind & Fire: Pure Gold (Adult R&B Songs)". billboard.com. Billboard.
  7. ^ a b "Kenny G Featuring Earth, Wind & Fire: The Way You Move". billboard.com. Billboard.
  8. ^ a b "Earth, Wind & Fire Featuring Raphael Saadiq: Show Me The Way (Adult R&B)". billboard.com. Billboard.
  9. ^ a b "Earth, Wind & Fire Featuring Brian McKnight: To You (Adult R&B)". billboard.com. Billboard.
  10. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire feat. Brian McKnight (Smooth Jazz Songs)". billboard.com. Billboard.
  11. ^ Theakston, Rob. "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination". allmusic.com. Allmusic.
  12. ^ a b Hatfield, Anthony (October 5, 2005). "Earth, Wind & Fire Illumination Review". bbc.com. BBC.
  13. ^ Wild, David (November 28, 2005). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination". rollingstone.com. Rolling Stone.
  14. ^ a b Farber, Jim (September 17, 2005). "Rediscovering that fire in the belly". people.com. New York Daily News. ProQuest 305991233.
  15. ^ Himes, Geoffrey. "EARTH, WIND & FIRE "Illumination" Sanctuary". Washington Post.
  16. ^ a b Fiore, Raymond (September 16, 2005). "Illumination (2005) Earth, Wind & Fire". Entertainment Weekly.
  17. ^ Edwards, Mark (September 18, 2005). "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination". thetimes.co.uk. The Times.
  18. ^ a b Jones, Steve (October 17, 2005). ""Angel": Synth-pop à la Mode". usatoday.com. USA Today.
  19. ^ a b Simpson, Dave (September 23, 2005). "Earth, Wind and Fire, Illuminations". The Guardian.
  20. ^ a b Lamb, Bill. "Earth, Wind and Fire - Illumination". About.com. Archived from the original on 2005-09-23.
  21. ^ a b Thompson, Ben (September 17, 2005). "Pop CDs of the week: Susheela Raman, Ian Brown, Devendra Banhart and more". telegraph.co.uk. The Daily Telegraph.
  22. ^ "Earth, Wind and Fire: Illumination". people.com. People. December 19, 2005.
  23. ^ "R. Kelly earns three Soul Train award nods". today.com. Associated Press. February 2, 2006.
  24. ^ "37th Annual Image Awards nominations". variety.com. Variety. February 23, 2006.
  25. ^ "Earth Wind & Fire". IMDB.com.
  26. ^ Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination. Sony Music. February 7, 2020.
  27. ^ Oricon Album Chart Book: Complete Edition 1970-2005. Roppongi, Tokyo: Oricon Entertainment. 2006. ISBN 4-87131-077-9.
  28. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination". italiancharts.com. Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana.
  29. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire: Illumination". lescharts.com. Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique.
  30. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire feat. Kenny G: The Way You Move (Adult R&B Songs)". billboard.com. Billboard.
  31. ^ "Earth, Wind & Fire Featuring Brian McKnight: To You (Smooth Jazz Songs)". Billboard.

Read other articles:

Hugtto! PreCure ♡ Futari wa Pretty Cure: All Stars MemoriesPoster resmiNama lainJepang映画 HUGっと! プリキュア♡ふたりはプリキュア オールスターズメモリーズHepburnEiga Hagutto! Purikyua ♡ Futari wa Purikyua: Ōru Sutāzu Memorīzu SutradaraHiroshi MiyamotoSkenarioJunko KomuraBerdasarkanPretty Cureoleh Toei Company (dibawah Izumi Todo)PemeranRie HikisakaRina HonnizumiYui OguraNao TamuraYukari TamuraKonomi TadaJunko NodaYōko HonnaYukanaRie TanakaTo...

 

Biofilm Staphylococcus aureus di dalam selang kateter. Biofilm adalah kumpulan sel mikroorganisme, khususnya bakteri, yang melekat di suatu permukaan dan diselimuti oleh pelekat karbohidrat yang dikeluarkan oleh bakteri.[1] Biofilm terbentuk karena mikroorganisme cenderung menciptakan lingkungan mikro dan relung (niche) mereka sendiri.[2] Biofilm memerangkap nutrisi untuk pertumbuhan populasi mikroorganisme dan membantu mencegah lepasnya sel-sel dari permukaan pada sistem yang...

 

Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Silvio Piola – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (Desember 2023) Silvio Piola Informasi pribadiTanggal lahir (1913-09-29)29 September 1913Tempat lahir Robbio, ItaliaTanggal meninggal 4 Oktober...

1928 United States Senate election in Washington ← 1922 November 6, 1928 1934 →   Nominee Clarence Dill Kenneth Mackintosh Party Democratic Republican Popular vote 261,524 227,415 Percentage 53.42% 46.45% County resultsDill:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%Mackintosh:      50–60% U.S. senator before election Clarence Dill Democratic Elected U.S. Senat...

 

Medical school of the University of Pikeville University of Pikeville - Kentucky College of Osteopathic MedicineTypePrivate medical schoolEstablished1997Parent institutionUniversity of PikevilleBudget$7.32 million[1]DeanJoe E. KingeryAcademic staff20[2]Students299 (2009-2010)[3]LocationPikeville, Kentucky, United States37°28′45″N 82°31′16″W / 37.47910°N 82.52119°W / 37.47910; -82.52119CampusRuralTuition (2009-2010)$33,450 (resident)&...

 

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Oktober 2022. Bagian dari seri mengenai Sejarah Indonesia Prasejarah Manusia Jawa 1.000.000 BP Manusia Flores 94.000–12.000 BP Bencana alam Toba 75.000 BP Kebudayaan Buni 400 SM Kerajaan Hindu-Buddha Kerajaan Kutai 400–1635 Kerajaan Tarumanagara 450–90...

Events at the1995 World ChampionshipsTrack events100 mmenwomen200 mmenwomen400 mmenwomen800 mmenwomen1500 mmenwomen5000 mmenwomen10,000 mmenwomen100 m hurdleswomen110 m hurdlesmen400 m hurdlesmenwomen3000 msteeplechasemen4 × 100 m relaymenwomen4 × 400 m relaymenwomenRoad eventsMarathonmenwomen10 km walkwomen20 km walkmen50 km walkmenField eventsHigh jumpmenwomenPole vaultmenLong jumpmenwomenTriple jumpmenwomenShot putmenwomenDiscus throwmenwomenHammer throwmenJavelin throwmenwomenCombined ...

 

List of dances from Albania and broader Albanian culture This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: List of Albanian dances – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The following is an incomplete list of traditional dances in Alb...

 

Sommo adalah sebuah comune (kotamadya) di provinsi Pavia di wilayah Lombardy Italia, terletak sekitar 40 km arah selatan dari Milan dan sekitar 8 km barat daya dari Pavia, di sebelah timur perbatasan wilayah Lomellina tradisional. Sommo berbatasan dengan kota Bastida Pancarana, Cava Manara, dan Zinasco. Demografi Referensi Artikel bertopik geografi atau tempat Italia ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.lbs Artikel rintisan ini tidak memi...

City in Texas, United StatesWheeler, TexasCityWheeler welcome signCoordinates: 35°26′43″N 100°16′15″W / 35.44528°N 100.27083°W / 35.44528; -100.27083[1]CountryUnited StatesStateTexasCountyWheelerArea[2] • Total1.53 sq mi (3.96 km2) • Land1.53 sq mi (3.96 km2) • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)Elevation[1]2,507 ft (764 m)Population (2010) �...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Inter Nashville FC – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (May 2022) Socce...

 

Name origin For other uses, see Olive grove (disambiguation). Modern day map of Sheffield showing the locations of the early home grounds of The Wednesday (north-south): Bramall Lane, Sheaf House, Highfield, Olive Grove and Myrtle Road. Leaflet advertising the opening match at Olive Grove between 'The Wednesday' and Blackburn Rovers. Olive Grove was The Wednesday F.C.'s first permanent football ground, home to the club for just over a decade at the end of the 19th century. It was located on t...

土库曼斯坦总统土库曼斯坦国徽土库曼斯坦总统旗現任谢尔达尔·别尔德穆哈梅多夫自2022年3月19日官邸阿什哈巴德总统府(Oguzkhan Presidential Palace)機關所在地阿什哈巴德任命者直接选举任期7年,可连选连任首任萨帕尔穆拉特·尼亚佐夫设立1991年10月27日 土库曼斯坦土库曼斯坦政府与政治 国家政府 土库曼斯坦宪法 国旗 国徽 国歌 立法機關(英语:National Council of Turkmenistan) ...

 

Latin Place Names By country Africa Asia Europe Balkans Britain Continental and Ireland Iberia Italy and Malta Serbia By type Cities Countries Exonyms Mountains Regions Rivers vte This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: List of Latin place names in Britain – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JST...

 

Former Armenian cemetery in Julfa, Azerbaijan Armenian cemetery in JulfaThe cemetery at Julfa as seen in a photograph taken in 1915 by Aram Vruyrian.Julfa is located close to the Iranian border in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan.DetailsLocationJulfa, Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, AzerbaijanCoordinates38°58′27″N 45°33′53″E / 38.974172°N 45.564803°E / 38.974172; 45.564803TypepublicNo. of graves1648: 10,0001903–04: 5,0001998: 2,7002006: 0 ...

Library in Pennsylvania founded by Benjamin Franklin 39°56′52″N 75°09′47″W / 39.94779°N 75.16306°W / 39.94779; -75.16306 Library Company of PhiladelphiaLocation1314 Locust Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.Established1731; 293 years ago (1731)CollectionSize500,000 books; 70,000 other itemsAccess and useCirculationNon-circulating collectionPopulation servedFree and open to the publicMembersBenjamin Franklin originallyOther information...

 

WWE 4-Way FinaleLogo officiel d'4-Way 2010Main event Edge contre John Cena contre Randy Orton contre SheamusThème musical Showstopper de TobyMacInformationsFédération World Wrestling EntertainmentDivision Raw et SmackDownDate 20 juin 2010Date de fin 2010Spectateurs 10 000 personnesTéléspectacteurs 143 000 personnesLieu Nassau Veterans Memorial ColiseumVille(s) Uniondale, New York, États-UnisCritique(s) The Sun : [1]CANOE - SLAM! Sports : [2]Chronologie des événeme...

 

Artikel ini perlu diwikifikasi agar memenuhi standar kualitas Wikipedia. Anda dapat memberikan bantuan berupa penambahan pranala dalam, atau dengan merapikan tata letak dari artikel ini. Untuk keterangan lebih lanjut, klik [tampil] di bagian kanan. Mengganti markah HTML dengan markah wiki bila dimungkinkan. Tambahkan pranala wiki. Bila dirasa perlu, buatlah pautan ke artikel wiki lainnya dengan cara menambahkan [[ dan ]] pada kata yang bersangkutan (lihat WP:LINK untuk keterangan lebih lanjut...

1986 Damascus bombingsPart of the Islamist uprising in SyriaDamascus highlighted within SyriaLocationDamascus and nearby towns, SyriaDateMarch–April 1986Attack typeBombingsWeaponsCar bombsDeaths204[1]MotiveRegime destabilization[2]vteIslamist uprising in Syria Aleppo Artillery School (1979) Jisr al-Shughour (1980) Aleppo (1980) Syrian President assassination attempt (1980) Tadmor Prison massacre (1980) Hama (April 1981) Azbakiah bombing (November 1981) Hama (February 1982) T...

 

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this message) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Japanese. (September 2015) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Japanese...