carboxylate anion and the esters of hydroxybutyric acids are known as hydroxybutyrates. β-hydroxybutyric acid is relevant to human health as it is a member...

the form of a salt, with the conjugate base of GHB being called γ-hydroxybutyrate or oxybate. The sodium (NaGHB, sodium oxybate, or Xyrem) and potassium...

formula CH3CH(OH)CH2CO2H; its conjugate base is β-hydroxybutyrate, also known as 3-hydroxybutyrate. β-Hydroxybutyric acid is a chiral compound with two...

"Glyceryl 3-hydroxybutyrates for migraine symptom management". Google Patents. 23 December 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2026. "Glyceryl 3-hydroxybutyrates for traumatic...

In enzymology, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.30) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: (R)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid + NAD+      ...

of interest as bio-derived and biodegradable plastics. The poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) form of PHB is probably the most common type of polyhydroxyalkanoate...

base is known as alpha-hydroxybutyrate and α-hydroxybutyrate. d-2-hydroxybutyric acid l-2-hydroxybutyric acid 2-Hydroxybutyrate, the conjugate base of...

chemical name is sodium 4-hydroxybutanoate, though synonyms like sodium γ-hydroxybutyrate are commonly used. Its condensed structural formula is HOCH 2CH 2CH...

In enzymology, a 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.61) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 4-Hydroxybutyric acid + NAD+       H+...

form of PHA is the fermentative production of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate [poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB)], which consists of 1000 to 30000 hydroxy fatty...

The γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) receptor (GHBR), originally identified as GPR172A, is an excitatory G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds the neurotransmitter...

Hydroxybutyrate-dimer hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.22) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction (R)-3-((R)-3-hydroxybutanoyloxy)butanoic acid   H2O         2  ...

The 3-Hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, also known as the 3HP/4HB cycle, is a specialized carbon fixation process used by some archaea, including...

supplements or foods. This class of ketone bodies refers mainly to β-hydroxybutyrate [BHB]. The body can make BHB endogenously, via the liver, due to starvation...

γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB), also known as β-hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid (β-hydroxy-GABA), sold under the brand name Gamibetal among others,...

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), commonly known as PHBV, is a polyhydroxyalkanoate-type polymer. It is biodegradable, nontoxic, biocompatible...

then be converted into ketone bodies: pyruvate, acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. These ketone bodies can function as an energy source...

sustained-release prodrug for gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), consisting of three molecules of gamma-hydroxybutyrate joined to a glycerol core by readily...

cycle or another metabolic pathway called the 3-hydroxypropionate / 4-hydroxybutyrate cycle. The Thermoproteota also use the reverse Krebs cycle while the...

indole-negative and by its ability to grow on melezitose but not 3-hydroxybutyrate. The genus Klebsiella was named after the German microbiologist Edwin...

In enzymology, a benzyl-2-methyl-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.217) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction benzyl (2R...

point-of-care measurement Insulin level C-peptide level Proinsulin level Beta-hydroxybutyrate level Oral hypoglycemic agent screen Response of blood glucose level...

Diaphorobacter polyhydroxybutyrativorans has the ability to degrade poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). Parte, A.C. "Diaphorobacter". LPSN. "Diaphorobacter...

oxybate, deuterated γ-hydroxybutyrate (deu-GHB), or d4-sodium oxybate, is a deuterated analogue of sodium oxybate (γ-hydroxybutyrate; GHB) which is under...

Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybate are salts of gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB). "Xywav - calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates...

evoke strong emotions and thereby trigger cataplectic attacks. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, also known as sodium oxybate, has been found to be effective at reducing...

transported from the liver to other tissues, where acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate can be reconverted to acetyl-CoA to produce reducing equivalents (NADH...

Kussmaul as well as describing the main ketones, acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and their chemical determination. The condition remained almost universally...

Nile blue (or Nile blue A) is a stain used in biology and histology. It may be used with live or fixed cells, and imparts a blue colour to cell nuclei...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine)[citation needed] Sedatives (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)[citation needed] Combining multiple depressants can be very dangerous...

liver-derived ketone groups include acetoacetic acid (acetoacetate), beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, a spontaneous breakdown product of acetoacetate (see...

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase (EC 3.1.1.75, PHB depolymerase, systematic name poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoate] hydrolase) is an enzyme used in the...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

conditions, for example in a sodium hydroxide solution into sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate, the sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. In acidic water, a mixture...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

Samantha Reid Date-Rape Prevention Act of 2000, which placed gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in Schedule I and sodium oxybate (the isolated sodium salt in...

three patrons were hospitalized after voluntarily consuming gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) while they were at the club. The incident drew intense negative...

alveolus possess monocarboxylate transporters to transport of beta hydroxybutyrate precursors into the cytoplasm, the absence of ketolytic enzymes results...

shrimp culture pond in Taiwan. It has the ability to accumulate poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. A.C. Parte. "Delftia". LPSN. Retrieved 2016-08-18. "LMG 25724 Strain...

to structurally related compounds like butyrate (butyric acid), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and valproic acid (valproate). However, another group of researchers...

biopolyesters are mainly polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) like the poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) and polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH). Polylactic...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

variants encoding the same protein have been observed. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate has been shown in mice to increase gene expression of FOXO3a by histone...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

thought to act as a GABAB receptor agonist, similarly to baclofen and γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). However, at low concentrations, phenibut mildly increases the...

2007-10-12 at the Wayback Machine Gahlinger, Paul. "Club Drugs: MDMA, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB), Rohypnol, and Ketamine". In Am Fam Physician. 2004 Jun 1;69(11):2619-2627...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

balance of several sets of metabolites (e.g., lactate and pyruvate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate), whose interconversion is dependent on these ratios...

converted by the liver into β-hydroxybutyrate, or spontaneously turn into acetone. Most acetoacetate is reduced to beta-hydroxybutyrate, which serves to additionally...

man. At the diamond auction, Porsche gets drugged with GHB, or Gamma Hydroxybutyrate, a date rape drug, on the orders of Vegas. Porsche is kidnapped and...

sugars and carbohydrates. In medicine, acetone, acetoacetate, and beta-hydroxybutyrate are collectively called ketone bodies, generated from carbohydrates...

prescription, and broadly prescribed unlike other date rape drugs: gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), which is used to treat narcolepsy, or flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)...

86 PHB polyhydroxybutyric acid or polyhydroxybutyrate 87 PHBV poly-(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) 88 PI polyimide 89 PIB polyisobutylene 90 PIR polyisocyanurate...

bicycle (3-HP bicycle) 3-Hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle (3-HP/4-HB cycle) dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle (DC/4-HB cycle) reductive glycine...

and sleep stage distribution. The endogenously produced drug gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is capable of producing high quality sleep that is indistinguishable...

testosterone cypionate was found in his urine, there was no evidence of gamma hydroxybutyrate contrary to speculation. Benoit tested negative for blood alcohol....

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

developmental code name XW-10172) is an extended-release prodrug of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB; oxybate) which is under development for the treatment of narcolepsy...

are short analogs of polymeric polyesters. An example is oligo-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate. Oligopeptide Fyles, Thomas Murray; Luong, Horace (2009). "Solid-phase...

test does not measure β-hydroxybutyrate, the most abundant ketone in the body; during treatment of ketoacidosis β-hydroxybutyrate is converted to acetoacetate...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

uses a genetically modified organism. The biosynthesis proceeds via 4-hydroxybutyrate. Butane-1,4-diol is used industrially as a solvent[additional citation(s)...

3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle. Berg IA, Kockelkorn D, Buckel W, Fuchs G (December 2007). "A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

HOCPCA γ-Crotonolactone Tunnicliff G, Cash CD (2 September 2003). Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate: Pharmacological and Functional Aspects. CRC Press. pp. 24, 104....

PMID 10829333. Gahlinger, PM (June 1, 2004). "Club drugs: MDMA, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), Rohypnol, and ketamine". American Family Physician. 69 (11):...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

3D printing Cellophane, polyglycolide, plastarch material, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate – biologically derived polymers Polilactofate Polycaprolactone Zein...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

gives rise to the formation of acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate. Acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, and their spontaneous breakdown product acetone are...

and sultopride) have been shown to activate the endogenous gamma-hydroxybutyrate receptor in vivo at therapeutic concentrations. Sulpiride was found...

produce carbon dioxide, acetate and ketone bodies. Whether the ketones β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone have direct antiseizure activity is unclear. MCTs are bland...

Butyric acid SerBut (O-butyryl-L-serine) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) Glycerol phenylbutyrate (GPB) Triacetin Tripropionin List of...

NADPH + H+ This enzyme catalyses a step in the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, an autotrophic CO2 fixation pathway found in some Thermoacidophilic...

or third-line therapy. Sodium oxybate, also known as sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), can be used for cataplexy associated with narcolepsy and excessive...

being susceptible to attack by water. A prominent example is poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, the renewably derived polylactic acid. Others are the cellulose-based...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

U. D. (1995). "Direct imaging of the surfaces of poly(β) hydroxybutyrate and hydroxybutyrate oligomers by atomic force microscopy". Journal of Materials...

express it. Date rape drugs including ethanol, benzodiazepines, gamma-hydroxybutyrate, and ketamine are frequently used in facilitating sexual assault. Ethanol...

ambulance officers. Police found a small amount of the drug gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a date-rape drug, in his trousers and charged him with drug...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

starvation, heavy chronic alcohol use or illness). Acetoacetic acid and β-hydroxybutyrate are the most abundant circulating ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are...

refer to: 1,2,3-Tris(4-hydroxybutyroyloxy)propane Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate, or 3GHB This set index page lists chemical structure articles associated...

PMID 10829333. Gahlinger PM (June 2004). "Club drugs: MDMA, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), Rohypnol, and ketamine". American Family Physician. 69 (11):...

accompanied by ketosis, the presence of ketone bodies (such as beta-hydroxybutyrate) in the blood or urine. This state can be either physiologic or pathologic;...

α1-Antitrypsin 141 ± 2.9 μg/cm3 No α1-Acid glycoprotein 4 ± 0.7 μg/cm3 No Beta-hydroxybutyrate 0.094 mmol/L Yes Ferritin 19.52 μg/L Yes Transferrin 0.088 g/L Yes...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

during the evolution of maize. Cellophane Plastarch material Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Polycaprolactone Polyglycolide Polylactic acid Momany, Frank A.; Sessa...

found to improve slow wave sleep (SWS), such as sodium oxybate (γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB); Xyrem) and gaboxadol, and hypnotics of this sort might be more...

other sedative-hypnotics. Embutramide is considered an analog of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) due to its structural similarity to this naturally occurring...

Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) −20 −4 Polypropylene (PP isotactic) 0 32 Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) 15 59 Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) 30 86 Polychlorotrifluoroethylene...

from Alexandria in Egypt. Nocardiopsis aegyptia can degrade poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). LPSN lpsn.dsmz.de "Straininfo of Nocardiopsis aegyptia". Archived...

PMID 17457693. S2CID 20004337. Ren, X.; Mody, I. (2003). "Gamma-hydroxybutyrate reduces mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation via GABAB...

ES, Halbers LP, Parsons SM (May 2020). "Kinetics aspects of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and...

Poly((R)-hydroxyalkanoic acid) depolymerase may refer to: Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase, an enzyme Poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) depolymerase, an enzyme...

"jelly-bellies") gamma-butyrolactone (GBL, a prodrug to GHB) gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB; G; Xyrem; "Liquid Ecstasy", "Fantasy") glutethimide (Doriden)...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

B, Brehm L, Clausen RP, Bräuner-Osborne H (2005). "Novel Cyclic γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Analogs with High Affinity and Stereoselectivity of Binding to...

taken orally, GBL is converted to the "date-rape" drug GHB [gamma hydroxybutyrate]. Rose pleaded guilty to this charge on November 7, 2005, claiming...

Gobaille S, Hodé Y, Hechler V (April 1994). "Displacement of [3H] gamma-hydroxybutyrate binding by benzamide neuroleptics and prochlorperazine but not by other...

Owen, A. (2004). "Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy of poly[(R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate] (PHD) during crystallization". Polymer International. 53 (7): 863–868...

faecalis subsp. Parafaecalis subsp. Nov., a Bacterium Accumulating Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate from Acetone-butanol Bioprocess Residues". Systematic and Applied Microbiology...

likely to involve drugs, such as flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) and gamma-hydroxybutyrate, that are commonly described as being used in this context. Similar...

French microbiologist Maurice Lemoigne who first described poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) as a constituent of bacterial cells. Sources: Paucimonas lemoignei...

above the NAD(P)H cofactor binding site in the Rossmann domain. 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenases have similar N-terminal nucleotide-binding and C-terminal...

Chemoorganotroph growth is slow and unbalanced, thus more poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules are seen that distort the shape and size of the cells. The...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

person's metabolic state, especially low levels of free fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and ketones, and either high or low levels of C-peptide and proinsulin...

Measuring acetoacetate alone will thus underestimate the accompanying beta-hydroxybutyrate if the standard conversion factor is applied. Screening for ketonuria...

D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BDH1 gene. This gene encodes a member of the short-chain...

precursor to the neurotransmitter GABA. Laborit published "Sodium 4-hydroxybutyrate" in the International Journal of Neuropharmacology in September 1964...

Reagents (Centella, Propolis, and Hinokitiol) Loaded into Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate] Composite Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications"...

compared with ecstasy (MDMA or methylene dioxymethamphetamine), gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), amphetamines, cocaine, and alcohol" (PDF). The New Zealand Medical...

Moreover, CGP-35348 was about threefold less potent in antagonizing gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) than baclofen and SKF-97,541. Carter...

the main carbon source for the bacterium, glucose generates poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) through the ED pathway, which is a storage molecule converted...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

1972 dissertation was titled Dopaminergic Neurons: Effect of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate. She studied the pharmacology and neurophysiology of the dopamine system...

1000 mg/kg) with high bioavailability (>20%: ascorbate, nicotinate, hydroxybutyrate, orotate, citrate, gluconate, comenate, pyroglutamate, glycinate, asparaginate...

1.1.1.6 (gene gldA or dhaD). Clostridium kluyveri NAD-dependent 4-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (4hbd) EC 1.1.1.61 Citrobacter freundii and Klebsiella...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

lacks an arginine dihydrolase system, and does not accumulate poly-β-hydroxybutyrate as an internal cellular reserve. The bacterium is oxidase- and catalase-positive...

energy source during periods when carbs are not available BHB: beta-hydroxybutyrate, the ketone body present in the highest amounts in the human body when...

They proposed that the bacterium may employ high levels of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate or other means to reduce the effective concentration of water and stabilize...

(example: Cuprividus necator). Specific types of PHAs include poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) and polyhydroxyhexanoate (PHH). The...

for the production of the biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Polymerisation of racemic (RS)-β-butyrolactone provides...

aggravate absence seizures, and so is not used in epilepsy. gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Phenibut 4-Fluorophenibut Isovaline 3-Aminopropylphosphinic acid...

2021, actress Asia Argento alleged that Cohen drugged her with Gamma-hydroxybutyrate and raped her during the filming of XXX. A representative of Cohen...

Elevated levels in brain and CSF are associated with homocarnosinase β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) 1.19 Alternate substrate for metabolism, typically under conditions...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

histamine H3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist [32] KTX-0101 (sodium β-hydroxybutyrate) – free radical scavenger [33] Laromestrocel (Allogeneic Human Mesenchymal...

methcathinone, cannabis oil, 'crack' cocaine, pethidine and gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB, or fantasy). Because of the increase in the number of clandestine...

September 2013). "Massilia umbonata sp. nov., able to accumulate poly- -hydroxybutyrate, isolated from a sewage sludge compost-soil microcosm". International...

Cash CD, Schmitt M, Bourguignon JJ (Nov 1990). "A specific gamma-hydroxybutyrate receptor ligand possesses both antagonistic and anticonvulsant properties"...

assimilate carbon by fixing HCO3−. This is done using a hydroxypropionate/hydroxybutyrate cycle similar to the Thermoproteota but which appears to have evolved...

authorities said Victor and Holdbrooks drugged Wright with gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a date rape drug, and killed him with an axe in Closter, New...

through ketogenesis. The resulting ketone bodies, acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, are amphipathic and can be transported into the brain (and muscles)...

carboxylesterase and EC 3.1.1.3, triacylglycerol lipase. EC 3.1.1.22: hydroxybutyrate-dimer hydrolase EC 3.1.1.23: acylglycerol lipase EC 3.1.1.24: 3-oxoadipate...

Characterization of a Simple Ester for Dual Exogenous Supply of Lactate and Beta-hydroxybutyrate". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 72 (36): 19883–19890...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

of natural fillers on the marine biodegradation behaviour of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV)". Sci Rep. 11 (911): 911. Bibcode:2021NatSR...

Gangalioside Gamma globulin Gamma-aminobutyric acid Gamma-butyrolactone Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Gastrin Gelatin Geraniol Ghrelin Globulin Glucagon Glucagon-like...

the mechanical properties of compression moulded samples of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) degraded by Streptomyces omiyaensis SSM 5670"...

evidence suggests that popular party drugs such as MDMA and gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) may preferentially activate brain oxytocin systems to produce...

diet and diabetes. He reported that three water-soluble compounds, β-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone (known collectively as ketone bodies), were...

called ketogenesis that produces ketone bodies like acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. Glycolysis List of standard amino acids Metabolism Müller...

characterized by FTIR. Due to the high carbon storage capacity and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) formation, Leptolyngbya sp. NIVA-CYA 255 is a promising candidate...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

including glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase type 1, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α. In addition...

leucine, valine and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate. It also functions as high-affinity pyruvate transporter...

do not produce sheaths or prosthecae and are able to use poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) for growth. The genus includes both animal and plant pathogens...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

among others. The GHB and GABAB receptor agonist sodium oxybate or γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) has been used in the treatment of narcolepsy. Relatedly, some...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

genes and enzymes. Therefore, a variant of the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate is used by N. maritimus to develop autotrophically, which allows its...

– preparation from elaiophylin and total synthesis from (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and (S)-malate", in: Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1986, pp. 1281–1308; doi:10...

into this part of the body. γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB) γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Bartholini G (1981). "Present Knowledge of GABA Receptor Agonists"...

ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting, or administration of the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) can slow or partially reverse cyst growth in animal models. This...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

blood equivalent" or "plasma equivalent." One model measures beta-hydroxybutyrate in the blood to detect ketosis for measuring both unhealthy ketoacidosis...

causes the production of lactate and organic keto-acids (such as beta-hydroxybutyrate). The accumulation of these organic acids can cause an acidosis with...

[butirosin acyl-carrier protein]—L-glutamate ligase EC 6.2.1.40: 4-hydroxybutyrate—CoA ligase (AMP-forming) EC 6.2.1.41: 3-[(3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1...

first activated and then reduced by a two-step reaction to give 4-hydroxybutyrate, which is then metabolized further to crotonyl-coenzyme A (CoA). Crotonyl-CoA...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

Some biopolymers- such as PLA, naturally occurring zein, and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate can be used as plastics, replacing the need for polystyrene or polyethylene...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

PMC 10015098. PMID 36918530. Han YM, Ramprasath T, Zou MH (April 2020). "β-hydroxybutyrate and its metabolic effects on age-associated pathology". Experimental...

acidophilic (pH 3.0–7.6) and psychrotolerant (2–30 °C) bacteria with poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules, isolated from acidic Sphagnum-dominated tundra and Siberian...

Metabolically Versatile Halophilic Archaeon Haloferax mediterranei, a Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate- co -3-Hydroxyvalerate) Producer". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (16)...

hypochloremic alkalosis. The ketone which is present is mostly beta-hydroxybutyrate rather than acetoacetate resulting in only a weakly positive nitroprusside...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

and aquaculture. This salt-tolerant strain can produce high poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a biodegradable biopolymer, from various organic waste sources...

Shiraki M, Inoue E, Saito T (August 2016). "Generation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate from acetate in higher plants: Detection of acetoacetyl CoA reductase-...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle. Berg IA, Kockelkorn D, Buckel W, Fuchs G (December 2007). "A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

Rude was in training for a return to the ring. The effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), a narcolepsy prevention drug, may have contributed to his death...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

be involved in the regulation of oxytocin secretion. Alcohol and γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), though producing acute anxiolytic and prosocial effects, do...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

album by the Ballas Hough Band β-Hydroxybutyric acid, also known as β-hydroxybutyrate British Horseracing Board, former governing board for horse racing...

Investigators found that Xu secretly added sedative substances—including gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), commonly known as a "date rape drug", and muscle relaxants containing...

anaerobes do not have cytochromes, and the provision of a soluble β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, which allowed Krebs' group to devise a now widely used...

Staggers FE, Gonzales M, Stalcup SA, Smith DE (January 1997). "Gamma-hydroxybutyrate: an emerging drug of abuse that causes physical dependence". Addiction...

carbon dioxide, acetate and ketone bodies. Whether the ketones, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone have direct antiseizure activity is unclear. List of saturated...

Methylobacterium rhodesianum strain MB126 have been observed to accumulate poly-β-hydroxybutyrate when grown under phosphorus-, nitrogen-, and carbon-deficient conditions...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

characteristics in that it is able to grow on melezitose, but not 3-hydroxybutyrate.[citation needed] Klebsiella oxytoca is characterized by negative methyl...

August 2022. Gahlinger, Paul M. (1 June 2004). "Club Drugs: MDMA, Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB), Rohypnol, and Ketamine". American Family Physician. 69 (11):...

victims failing to get a blood or urine test the following day. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a central nervous system depressant. It has no odour and tastes...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

D, Huu-Phong T, Minh-Khuong D, Hatti-Kaul R (March 2015). "Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) production by a moderate halophile Yangia sp...

PMID 18398172. Tekin, Ebru; Ateş, Mustafa; Kahraman, Özge (2012). "Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-producing extreme halophilic archaeon: Haloferax sp. MA10 isolated...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

(butirosin acyl-carrier protein)—L-glutamate ligase EC 6.2.1.40: 4-Hydroxybutyrate—CoA ligase EC 6.2.1.41: 3-((3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-methyl-1...

physostigmine has been proposed as an antidote for intoxication with gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB, a potent sedative-hypnotic agent that can cause loss of consciousness...

DH, Hayes JD (2002). "Novel homodimeric and heterodimeric rat gamma-hydroxybutyrate synthases that associate with the Golgi apparatus define a distinct...

G. J. (July 2021). "Enantiomer-specific pharmacokinetics of D,L-3-hydroxybutyrate: Implications for the treatment of multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase...

tubules occurs as a cationic partner to the negatively charged ketone, β-hydroxybutyrate.[citation needed] A low level of magnesium in the blood can also cause...

substrates with longer sidechains, e.g. 2-hydroxyoctanoate rather than 2-hydroxybutyrate. It also prefers substrates that, like (S)-mandelate, have beta unsaturation...

Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, the reverse TCA cycle , the 3 hydroxypropionate-4 hydroxybutyrate cycle, and methanogenesis. 3-HP was found in Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

diverted to the formation of acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. Acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and their spontaneous breakdown product, acetone...

Cysteine ✓ Indole-3-propionate ✓ Glutathione reduced ✓ KETONE BODIES Beta-Hydroxybutyrate ✓ Acetoacetate ✓ MUSCLE HEALTH 3-Methylhistidine ✓ Threonine ✓ Alloisoleucine...

action is suppressed blood levels of free fatty acids and ketones (beta-hydroxybutyrate) during hypoglycemia. The clinical diagnosis is also supported by a...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

subsequent reduction from α-aceto-α-hydroxybutyrate through 3-hydroxy-2-keto-3-methylpentanoate: α-aceto-α-hydroxybutyrate → 3-hydroxy-2-keto-3-methylpentanoate...

(PCL), polyurethane (PU), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), and poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) (PEVA)...

metabolism, characterized by elevated levels of plasma glycerol and β-hydroxybutyrate, is strongly linked to higher risks of all-cause mortality, including...

Reagents (Centella, Propolis, and Hinokitiol) Loaded into Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate] Composite Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications"...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

transhydrogenase (EC 1.1.99.24), which is responsible for the oxidation of 4-hydroxybutyrate in mammalian tissues. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000147576 –...

 249–258. Ratcliff, W.C.; Kadam, S.V.; Denison, R.F. (2008). "Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) supports survival and reproduction in starving rhizobia". FEMS...

is an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has been shown in mice to increase gene expression of FOXO3a...

cycle in B. pertussis and its ability to synthesize and break down β-hydroxybutyrate is observed. Cultivating B. pertussis in this medium resulted in some...

secondary to insulin pump malfunction diagnosed by capillary blood 3-hydroxybutyrate: a case report". Cases Journal. 2 (1): 8012. doi:10.4076/1757-1626-2-8012...

2015. In Oregon, MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine), GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate), ketamine, and LSD are available in varying quantities and are generally...

granulosus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Oceanicola batsensis sp. nov., poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate-producing marine bacteria in the order 'Rhodobacterales'". International...

Proteobacteria. The cells are motile, straight rods, and they contain poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules. R. depolymerans is characterised by the ability to biodegrade...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

(25 September 2012). "Genome Sequence of the Methanotrophic Poly- -Hydroxybutyrate Producer Methylocystis parvus OBBP". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (20):...

400.241.400 – 3-hydroxybutyric acid MeSH D10.251.400.241.400.410 – hydroxybutyrates MeSH D10.251.400.326 – caproates MeSH D10.251.400.326.467 – hexanoic...

granule-former organisms can store the organic matter in form of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate to be consumed in the famine period, giving an advantage over filamentous...

while still on probation he met up with a friend who was selling gamma-hydroxybutyrate (commonly known as GHB) and began working with him. One of their customers...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

P, Massey V, Schnabl B, Bataller RA, Mehal WZ (September 2018). "β-Hydroxybutyrate protects from alcohol-induced liver injury via a Hcar2-cAMP dependent...

AL, Greville GD (1953). "The enzymic oxidation of alpha- and 2-beta-hydroxybutyrate". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 12 (1–2): 188–202. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(53)90138-3...

baclofen, and phenibut) γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and analogues (GHB and GABAB receptor agonists) (e.g., GHBTooltip γ-hydroxybutyrate, GBLTooltip γ-butyrolactone...

leucine, valine and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate. Depending on the tissue and on circumstances, mediates...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

Polycaprolactone Polyglycolide Polymer-drug conjugates Polylactic acid Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Abulateefeh SR (February 2023). "Long-acting injectable PLGA/PLA depots...

the GABAergic, dopaminergic, and anti-serotonergic classes. Gamma-hydroxybutyrate is synthesized in the central nervous system from gamma-aminobutyric...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

Bacteria (Springer). Tanaka, K. et al. (1995). Production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) from carbon dioxide by a hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium. Applied Microbiology...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

acids rather than glucose, which produces the ketone bodies, 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and acetone. Ketone bodies serve as an alternate source...

cell membranes. The above channels formed by polyphosphate and poly-b-hydroxybutyrate with Ca2+ are involved in the transport processes in a variety of organisms...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

GABAB receptor agonist sodium oxybate (SXB; Xyrem), also known as γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), has hypnotic and sleep-improving effects. It robustly increases...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

ingesting a combination of alcohol and an overdose of the drug gamma-hydroxybutyrate, otherwise known as "GHB" or "fantasy". According to news reports,...

key step in the 3-hydroxypropionate and the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycles, autotrophic CO2 fixation pathways found in some green non-sulfur...

resistance, but their usage remains disputed. Ketone bodies, specifically β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) whose levels are increased while on a ketogenic diet, aid in...

of various metabolites including glucose, volatile fatty acids, B-hydroxybutyrate and long chain fatty acids in ruminant metabolism, and the metabolic...

namely the absence of a flagellar sheath and accummulation poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. Further phylogenetic studies found that Photobacterium damselae shared...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

Gobaille S, Hodé Y, Hechler V (April 1994). "Displacement of [3H] gamma-hydroxybutyrate binding by benzamide neuroleptics and prochlorperazine but not by other...

Méndez, Beatriz (2009). "Pseudomonas extremaustralis sp. nov., a Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) producer isolated from an antarctic environment". Current Microbiology...

LiCH2C(O)CHNaCO2C2H5 + BuH (Bu = butyl) Reduction of ethyl acetoacetate gives ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate. Ethyl acetoacetate transesterifies to give benzyl acetoacetate via...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

Kockelkorn D, Buckel W, Fuchs G (December 2007). "A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in Archaea". Science...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

alcohol. A toxicology report found the presence of ephedrine, gamma hydroxybutyrate, anabolic steroids and ethanol in his system. They also concluded that...

reveals a mild metabolic acidosis, high free fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate, very low insulin levels, and high levels of glucagon, cortisol, and...

proxy. Elevated concentrations of unmeasured anions like lactate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, PO3− 4, and SO2− 4, which rise with disease or intoxication...

polyglycolide polylactic acid poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) poly-3-hydroxybutyrate Boland, Eugene D.; Coleman Branch D.; Barnes Catherine P.; Simpson...

bacteria may stabilize arsenate esters to a degree by using poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (which has been found to be elevated in "vacuole-like regions" of related...

hydrolysis of the substrate externally with ectoenzymes that yield hydroxybutyrate. The resulting oligomers cross bacterial membranes through passive...

Elsworth JD, Nye HE, Roth RH (Nov 1997). "(S)-(−)-HA-966, a gamma-hydroxybutyrate-like agent, prevents enhanced mesocorticolimbic dopamine metabolism...

activation or downstream signaling. For example, the metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate has been shown to block NLRP3-mediated inflammatory disease in preclinical...

CW (December 2020). "DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)". ACS Chem Neurosci. 11 (23): 3850–3859. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro...

diameters of 12.5 to 16 nm each. S. natans stores reserves of poly- beta -hydroxybutyrate as internal bioplastic globules making up 30 to 40% of the dry weight...

Kockelkorn D, Buckel W, Fuchs G (December 2007). "A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in Archaea". Science...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

(INN) Galzin Gamene gamfexine (INN) gamithromycin (USAN, INN) gamma-hydroxybutyrate gamolenic acid (INN) Gamophen Gamunex ganaxolone (INN) ganciclovir...

Similarly, circulating lactate and BAIBA from skeletal muscle and β-hydroxybutyrate from the liver directly influence mitochondrial metabolism in the central...

the following well known polymers of the PHA family, P3HB (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate) and P3HB-co-3 HV (3-hydroxybutyrateco-3-hydroxyvalerate). Additionally...

Peptaibol Antibiotic Channel-forming Family 1.D.6 The Complexed Poly 3-Hydroxybutyrate Ca2+ Channel (cPHB-CC) Family 1.D.7 The Beticolin Family 1.D.8 The...

PMC 100270. PMID 11313474. Han Y, Ramprasath T, Zou M (2020). "β-hydroxybutyrate and its metabolic effects on age-associated pathology". Experimental...

Some Archaea can fix carbon dioxide through the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate pathway into organic compounds "Candidatus Korarchaeia" have only been...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

profile: The 3 prominent peaks on the left are from left to right: B-hydroxybutyrate, Acetoacetate (with TMS derivative 1), Acetoacetate 2nd peak (with...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

to structurally related compounds like butyrate (butyric acid), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and valproic acid (valproate), though findings are mixed. HDIs...

Moya-Garzon MD, Wang M, Li VL, Lyu X, Wei W, Tung AS; et al. (2024). "A β-hydroxybutyrate shunt pathway generates anti-obesity ketone metabolites". Cell. 188...

heart failure at age 24 following an overdose of the party drug, gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB). On 11 November 2016, Ryan was charged with assault occasioning...

polyhydroxyalkanoate granules (carbonosomes) and novel functions of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)". Environmental Microbiology. 16 (8): 2357–2373. Bibcode:2014EnvMi...

^Physicians' Desk Reference, 1990, 2005 ^Erowid, "The Neuropharmacology of γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)" (2004) ^Tallman, J. F., Cassella, J., Kehne, J., "Mechanism...

toxins by gangliosides" (1973, with W. E. van Heyningen) "D-(–)-3-Hydroxybutyrate" (1974, with Dermot H. Williamson) "How does tetanus toxin act?" (1981...

CW (December 2020). "DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)". ACS Chem Neurosci. 11 (23): 3850–3859. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro...

acetoacetate decarboxylase, betaine-homocysteine transmethylase, and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. After graduating from Harvard University, Benner became...

D-gluconate, L-histidine, succinate, fumarate, ethanolamine, DL-b-hydroxybutyrate, L-aspartate, L-alanine and propionate. Sensitivity has been found...

small, uncontrolled studies have reported that racemic salts of beta-hydroxybutyrate (one of the ketone bodies) were helpful in patients with moderately...

homopropionicum sp. nov., a new strict anaerobe growing with 2-, 3-, or 4-hydroxybutyrate". Archives of Microbiology. 154 (4): 342–8. Bibcode:1990ArMic.154....

benzoyl-CoA 2,3-dioxygenase - benzyl benzoate/disulfiram - benzyl-2-methyl-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase - beta-carotene 3-hydroxylase - beta-cyclopiazonate dehydrogenase...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

Moya-Garzon MD, Wang M, Li VL, Lyu X, Wei W, Tung AS, et al. (2024). "A β-hydroxybutyrate shunt pathway generates anti-obesity ketone metabolites". Cell. 188...

emissions. On a laboratory scale, reports include production of butanol, 3-hydroxybutyrate, ethylene glycol and other compounds. Abrini, Jamal; Naveau, Henry;...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

which it was alleged 1,4-B was substantially similar to was gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). 1,4-B GHB In this case the court ruled that 1,4-B was substantially...

immature neocortical neurons in the presence of the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate". The Journal of Neuroscience. 30 (47): 16002–7. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI...

(December 2002). "Diaphorobacter nitroreducens gen nov, sp nov, a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-degrading denitrifying bacterium isolated from activated sludge"....

results in the production of ketoacids, acetoacetic acid, and beta-hydroxybutyrate. Lactic acidosis results from excess formation and decreased metabolism...

acetoacetyl-CoA and involved in biosynthetic pathways such as poly beta-hydroxybutyrate synthesis or steroid biogenesis. In eukaryotes, there are two forms...

(phenylbutyrate), tributyrin (glycerol tributyrate), and glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB), among others. Glycerol phenylbutyrate was first approved for...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

fasting, a ketogenic diet, or by supplementation with the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate in mouse, rat and cat models of ADPKD. A ketogenic diet regimen not...

dopamine receptor agonist and other actions [42] Sodium oxybate (γ-hydroxybutyrate; GHB; JZP-6; KEY-10; Xyrem) – GABAB receptor agonist and GHB receptor...

valine, and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. It also functions as high-affinity pyruvate transporter. Both Northern...

Renewable Sources: Melt-Spinning of Poly(lactic acid) and Poly[(3-hydroxybutyrate) -co- (3-hydroxyvalerate)]". Macromolecular Materials and Engineering...

Phencyclidine Stimulants 4-Methyl-aminorex Sedative-hypnotics gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Amphetamine stimulants including: Amphetamine Dextroamphetamine...

fibrosis have reported that: a) the levels of succinate (as well as 3-hydroxybutyrate and malate) were higher in the livers of mice on a high-fat diet than...

neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the action of the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate". eLife. 5 e15092. doi:10.7554/eLife.15092. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 4915811...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

Nimmerrichter, A. A. (2002). "Double-Blind Controlled Trial of γ-Hydroxybutyrate in Alcohol Withdrawal". Alcohol and Alcoholism. 37 (1): 67–73. doi:10...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

inclusion bodies containing elemental sulfur, polyphosphate, or poly-β-hydroxybutyrate are common in MTB. The most abundant type of MTB occurring in environmental...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

to lactate is decreased. It also catalyzes the dehydrogenation of 2-hydroxybutyrate, but this is a much poorer substrate than lactate. pyruvic acid + NADH...

PCE. Researchers investigated the possibility of producing poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P(3HB)) polyester using corn syrup. The concentrations of the different...

DL-4-hydroxy-2-ketoglutarate aldolase, hydroxyketoglutarate aldolase, 2-keto-4-hydroxybutyrate aldolase, and 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate glyoxylate-lyase. This enzyme...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

replace all three pulmonary valve leaflets in a sheep using a poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB) coated PGA scaffold and sheep endothelial cells and myofibroblast...

waste: An integrated strategy adopted for the production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, bioethanol, pectinase and 2,3-butanediol" [Bioresour. Technol. 310...

FS; Chen, WM (April 2013). "Gemmobacter tilapiae sp. nov., a poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating bacterium isolated from a freshwater pond". International...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

081.160.400 – 3-hydroxybutyric acid MeSH D02.241.081.160.400.410 – hydroxybutyrates MeSH D02.241.081.160.400.410.700 – sodium oxybate MeSH D02.241.081...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

strain of V. paradoxus. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), including poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (3-PHB), are stored intracellularly by V. paradoxus cells when carbon...

French people in Quebec. Index of Claude's articles Gamma-OH (Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate) : The First Authentic Antidepressant http://www.shaman-australis.com/~claude/dreams...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

Koek W, Mercer SL, Coop A (June 2007). "Cataleptic effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), its precursor gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), and GABAB receptor...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

(May 2002). "Caldimonas manganoxidans gen. nov., sp. nov., a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-degrading, manganese-oxidizing thermophile". International Journal...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

enzymatic specificity of alpha-acetolactate and alpha-aceto-alpha-hydroxybutyrate". Bioorg. Chem. 8 (2): 175–189. doi:10.1016/0045-2068(79)90003-8. Kiritani...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

to rise and fall, which can cause mood swings. The ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate is a fuel source for the brain during times of fasting when blood glucose...

coenzyme A-supplying pathways for production of the bioplastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in Haloferax mediterranei". Applied and Environmental...

marinum has an optimum growth temperature of 30 °C. Cells contain poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules that are visible with transmission electron microscopy. Similar...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

Lo WK, Murnion B (2022). "Current Insights on the Impact of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Abuse". Subst Abuse Rehabil. 13: 13–23. doi:10.2147/SAR.S315720...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

102, 5703–5711 Barnard, G. N.; Sanders, J. K. (1989). "The poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate granule in vivo. A new insight based on NMR spectroscopy of whole cells"...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

is called ketonuria. Ketones occur in three forms in the body: beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), acetone and acetoacetate. Test strips use sodium nitroprusside...

pathways. The gene encoding 4-oxo-L-proline reductase was identified as 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 2 (BDH2) by Sebastian Kwiatkowski and co-workers in 2022...

university; her thesis was Regulation of the biosynthesis of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in Alcaligenes eutrophus H 16. She then worked in the same university...

2-butynoic acid CH3C≡CCOOH 2-hydroxybutanoic acid 2-hydroxybutyric acid α-hydroxybutyrate CH3CH2CHOHCOOH 3-hydroxybutanoic acid β-hydroxybutyric acid 3-hydroxybutyric...

neurotransmitters. Zinc, insulin, serotonin, γ-aminobutyric acid, and γ-hydroxybutyrate, all of which are released by beta cells in the pancreas, have been...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

acetate or from the degradation of ethanol, fatty acids, or poly-β-hydroxybutyrate. This function is especially important for higher plants when using...

forgery – Willie Francis – fraud – frustration-aggression theory gamma hydroxybutyrate – gender-politics model – general deterrence – genocide – geographic...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

into three ketone bodies: acetoacetate, D-β-hydroxybutyrate and acetone. Acetoacetate and D-β-hydroxybutyrate are exported to non-hepatic tissues, where...

gen. nov., sp. nov. and Oceanicola batsensis sp. nov., poly-[beta]-hydroxybutyrate-producing marine bacteria in the order Rhodobacterales". Int. J. Syst...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

complete rTCA, full dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutyrate pathway (DC/4HB) or a 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate pathway (3HP/4HB) (archaea). Full oxidiative...

pentylenetetrazol (pentetrazol)) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., sodium oxybate/γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)) (via improved nightly sleep) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor...

"Diaphorobacter polyhydroxybutyrativorans sp. nov., a novel poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-degrading bacterium isolated from biofilms"....

Structure of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), a naturally-occurring polymer....

metabolism. Moskowitz GJ, Merrick JM (1969). "Metabolism of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate. II. Enzymatic synthesis of D-(−)-beta hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A by...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.29: glycerate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.30: 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.31: 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase EC 1...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

has been associated with lactic acidosis, hypotonia, increased beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio, and complex I deficiency. NDUFA1 has been shown...

female voles, increasing pair bonding. In a small clinical trial, beta hydroxybutyrate, a product of the ketogenic diet and inhibitor of class 1 HDACs, has...

SSRTooltip Succinic semialdehyde reductase Quercetin GHBDHTooltip 4-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase α-Ketoisocaproic acid Ethosuximide Phenylacetate Salicylic...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

Lo WK, Murnion B (2022). "Current Insights on the Impact of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Abuse". Subst Abuse Rehabil. 13: 13–23. doi:10.2147/SAR.S315720...

addition of some organic substances such as ethanol, n-butanol, or β-hydroxybutyrate. Cysts are rarely formed in liquid media. The formation of cysts is...

melanotransferrin (MFI2), discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 1 (DLG1), and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) have been confirmed and another 7 genes have...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

Juha-Pekka; Salusjärvi, Laura (2023-07-14). "Inactivation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biosynthesis in 'Knallgas' bacterium Xanthobacter sp. SoF1"...

inhibitors 3,3'-Diindolylmethane β-Hydroxybutyric acid (β-hydroxybutyrate) Glyceryl-tris-3-hydroxybutyrate (3GHB) γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) Sodium oxybate (GHB...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

Sinorhizobium meliloti stores carbon and energy in a compound known as poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in order to withstand carbon-deficient environments. When starved...

PMID 31487233. Won YJ, Lu VB, Puhl HL, Ikeda SR (December 2013). "β-Hydroxybutyrate modulates N-type calcium channels in rat sympathetic neurons by acting...

leucine and valine forming mechanism, and the synthesis of 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate from pyruvate and 2-ketobutyrate. The inhibition of ALS has several...

S2CID 252598831. Won YJ, Lu VB, Puhl HL, Ikeda SR (December 2013). "β-Hydroxybutyrate modulates N-type calcium channels in rat sympathetic neurons by acting...

Lengner CJ, Katona BW, Grivennikov SI, Thaiss CA, Levy M (May 2022). "β-Hydroxybutyrate suppresses colorectal cancer". Nature. 605 (7908): 160–165. Bibcode:2022Natur...

enzymatic specificity of alpha-acetolactate and alpha-aceto-alpha-hydroxybutyrate". Bioorg. Chem. 8 (2): 175–189. doi:10.1016/0045-2068(79)90003-8. (White...

Song, JY (1999). "Removal of endotoxin during purification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) from gram-negative bacteria". Appl Environ Microbiol. 65 (6): 2762–4...

reductase HMG-CoA  synthase β-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase Mevalonate pathway Thiolase Unknown enzyme β-Hydroxybutyrate Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA Acetoacetate...

of Streptomyces exfoliatus K10 and characterization of its poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase gene". FEMS Microbiology Letters. 142 (2–3): 215–21....

Kockelkorn D, Buckel W, Fuchs G (December 2007). "A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in Archaea". Science...

hydroxymethylglutaryl-coa-reductases, nadp-dependent MeSH D08.811.682.047.393 – hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase MeSH D08.811.682.047.428 – Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase...