Hedrum

Hedrum Municipality
Hedrum kommune
Former municipality
Hedrum herred  (historic name)
View of the local Hedrum Church
View of the local Hedrum Church
Flag of Hedrum Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms of Hedrum Municipality
Coat of arms
Vestfold within Norway
Vestfold within Norway
Hedrum within Vestfold
Hedrum within Vestfold
Coordinates: 59°07′24″N 10°03′35″E / 59.1232°N 10.0596°E / 59.1232; 10.0596
CountryNorway
CountyVestfold
DistrictLarvik
Established1 Jan 1838
 • Created asFormannskapsdistrikt
Disestablished1 Jan 1988
 • Succeeded byLarvik Municipality
Administrative centreHedrum (1838-1952)
Nanset (1952-1988)
Area
 (upon dissolution)
 • Total
264 km2 (102 sq mi)
Population
 (1988)
 • Total
10,449
 • Density40/km2 (100/sq mi)
DemonymHedrumssokning[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formBokmål
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-0727[3]
Data from Statistics Norway

Hedrum is a former municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The 264-square-kilometre (102 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1988. The area is now part of Larvik Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Nanset (from 1978-1988; prior to that, the municipal administration was located in the village of Hedrum where the Hedrum Church is located). Other villages in Hedrum include Gjone, Kvelde, Skinmo, and Verningen.[4]

Hedrum municipality was located in the Lågendalen valley, the lower part of the valley that follows the river Numedalslågen. The valley is relatively flat and dominated by agricultural areas. The valley is surrounded by wooded hills which rise up towards 500-metre (1,600 ft) tall mountain peaks. Among other things, the area is known for potato cultivation and fishing.[5]

General information

The parish of Hedrum was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). Over the years, there have been many municipal border adjustments. On 1 January 1875, an area of Hedrum (population: 46) became part of the neighboring town of Larvik. On 1 January 1878, an area of Hedrum (population: 61) became part of the neighboring municipality of Andebu. On 1 January 1891, an area of Tjølling municipality (population: 11) became part of Hedrum. In 1937, an area of Hedrum (population: 69) became part of the neighboring town of Larvik. In 1948, an area of Hedrum (population: 296) became part of the neighboring town of Larvik.[6]

During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, two border adjustments were made in Hedrum. One area of Hedrum (population: 16) was transferred to Siljan Municipality (in Telemark county) and the adjacent Bakke area (population: 75) was transferred to Porsgrunn Municipality (also in Telemark county). On 1 January 1968, the unpopulated Svartangen area of Siljan was transferred to Hedrum (and Vestfold county). On 1 January 1974 the unpopulated Tagtvedt area of Hedrum was transferred to the neighboring town of Larvik. On 1 January 1983, the unpopulated Bergan area of Hedrum was transferred to the neighboring Lardal municipality. On 1 January 1986, part of the Åsveien 3 property in Hedrum was transferred to the neighboring town of Larvik. On 9 January 1987 an unpopulated area in northern Hedrum was transferred to Lardal municipality.[6]

On 1 January 1988, the municipality was dissolved as part of a major municipality merger which consolidated the municipalities of Brunlanes (population: 8,138), Hedrum (population: 10,449), and Tjølling (population: 7,878) with the towns of Larvik (population: 8,045) and Stavern (population: 2,538) to create a new, much larger Larvik Municipality with a population of 37,048 people.[6]

Name

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Hedrum farm (Old Norse: Heiðarheimr) since the first Hedrum Church was built there. The first element is the genitive case of the word heiðr which means "heath" or "moorland". The last element is heimr which means "home" or "abode".[7]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms was granted on 18 November 1966. The official blazon is "Vert, a bend wavy argent" (Norwegian: På grønn bunn en sølv skråbjelke dannet ved bolgesnitt). This means the arms have a green field (background) and the charge is a wavy diagonal line. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The green color in the field symbolizes the importance of the local forests and the wavy line was chosen to symbolize the river Numedalslågen which flows through the municipality. The arms were designed by D. Krohn-Holm, Jr. The municipal flag had the same design as the coat of arms.[8][9]

Churches

Hedrum Church

Hedrum Church (Hedrum Kirke) is a medieval era church that was the main church for the municipality. It is one of several ancient stone churches within a vicinity which also includes churches at Hem, as well as Efteløt and Hedenstad in Buskerud.[10] Other churches in Hedrum include Kvelde Church and Hvarnes Church.

Hedrum Church was built of stone around 1100. The church celebrated its 950-year anniversary in 2010. The church has a rectangular nave, square choir and apse. Building Archaeological studies show that the apse is added later. The structure was extended by four meters in 1666. The west part with the portal and door openings are from after the Reformation. Hedrum Church has a number of tombstones, which cover large parts of the floor of the church. Hedrum Church cemetery is clearly visible from traffic arteries on both sides of Numedalslågen. Some of the graves are believed to pre-date the introduction of Christianity confirming the supposition that ancient pagan cult sites were chosen as the venue for the earlier churches.[11][12]

Government

Nedre Nanset, town hall of Hedrum from 1952 to 1978.

While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[13]

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Hedrum was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political party.

Hedrum kommunestyre 1984–1987 [14]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:35
Hedrum kommunestyre 1980–1983 [15]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 12
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 11
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:35
Hedrum kommunestyre 1976–1979 [16]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 8
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 6
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:35
Hedrum kommunestyre 1972–1975 [17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 13
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:35
Hedrum kommunestyre 1968–1971 [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
Total number of members:35
Hedrum kommunestyre 1964–1967 [19]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
Total number of members:35
Hedrum herredsstyre 1960–1963 [20]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
Total number of members:35
Hedrum herredsstyre 1956–1959 [21]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 14
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 8
Total number of members:35
Hedrum herredsstyre 1952–1955 [22]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 4
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 9
Total number of members:32
Hedrum herredsstyre 1948–1951 [23]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 8
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 4
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 10
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 1
Total number of members:32
Hedrum herredsstyre 1945–1947 [24]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 10
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 3
  Communist Party (Kommunistiske Parti) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) 5
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 3
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 10
Total number of members:32
Hedrum herredsstyre 1938–1941* [25]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 11
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 5
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 11
Total number of members:32
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Hedrum:[26]

  • 1838-1847: Knud Peder Kjerulf
  • 1848-1851: Hans Fredrik Kjerulf
  • 1851-1853: Peder Johansen Berg
  • 1860-1861: Knud Peder Kjerulf
  • 1862-1867: Hans Christian Nilssen Fosserød
  • 1868-1869: Gunnar Thommesen
  • 1870-1871: Ole Olsen Eftedal
  • 1872-1875: Anders Andersen
  • 1876-1887: Gunnar Thommesen
  • 1887-1891: Frants Carlsen Rødbøl
  • 1892-1895: Nils Olsen Hellenes
  • 1896-1897: Ole Evensen Sundby
  • 1898-1901: Frants Carlsen Rødbøl
  • 1902-1910: Ivar Hagtvedt
  • 1911-1913: Karl Johan Hvatum
  • 1914-1916: Karl Bergan
  • 1917-1919: Thorvald Hvidsteen
  • 1920-1922: Anund Iversen Allum
  • 1923-1928: Ole Andersen Gåsholt
  • 1929-1941: Anund Iversen Allum
  • 1941-1941: Ole N. Rimstad
  • 1941-1942: Martin Ringdal (NS)
  • 1942-1945: Martin Zimmermann (NS)
  • 1945-1945: Anund Iversen Allum
  • 1946-1963: Mathias Skoli (V)
  • 1963-1963: Anders Gåsholt (Sp)
  • 1964-1967: Ole Hvidsten (V)
  • 1968-1971: Kristoffer Bakkerud (Sp)
  • 1972-1975: Harald A. Holm (V)
  • 1976-1985: Olav Bergene Holm (KrF)
  • 1986-1987: Per Michaelsen (H)

See also

References

  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ Thorsnæs, Geir, ed. (28 June 2022). "Hedrum". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  5. ^ Krohn-Holm, Jan W. (1982). Hedrum bygdebok (in Norwegian). Larvik: kulturhistorie.
  6. ^ a b c Jukvam, Dag (1999). Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  7. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1907). Norske gaardnavne: Jarlsberg og Larviks amt (in Norwegian) (6 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 338.
  8. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  9. ^ "Larvik". Flags of the World. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
  10. ^ Ekroll, Øystein; Ladder, Morten; Havran, Jiri (2000). "Middelalder i Stein". Kirker i Norge. Vol. 1. ISBN 8291399093.
  11. ^ "Hedrum Church, Larvik". Norway Attractions and Hotels.
  12. ^ Nyhus, Per (1999). Larvik A-Å (in Norwegian). Larvik: Østlandsposten. ISBN 8299083532.
  13. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  14. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1983 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. ISBN 8253720378. ISSN 0332-8023.
  15. ^ Kommunestyrevalget 1979 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. ISBN 8253710836. ISSN 0332-8023.
  16. ^ Kommunevalgene 1975 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. ISBN 8253705646.
  17. ^ Kommunevalgene 1972 (PDF) (in Norwegian). Vol. I. Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. ISBN 8253701144.
  18. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967.
  19. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964.
  20. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960.
  21. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo, Norge: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957.
  22. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952.
  23. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948.
  24. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947.
  25. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938.
  26. ^ Krohn-Holm, Jan W. (1982). Hedrum bygdebok. 1 : Kulturhistorie (in Norwegian). Vol. 1. Larvik: Hedrum kommune. ISBN 8299051320.

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