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Halongella schlumbergeri
	a live Halongella schlumbergeri
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura; clade Panpulmonata; clade Eupulmonata; clade Stylommatophora; informal group Sigmurethra
Superfamily:	Plectopyloidea
Family:	Plectopylidae
Genus:	Halongella
Species:	H. schlumbergeri
Binomial name
	Halongella schlumbergeri; (Morlet, 1886)
Synonyms
	Helix (Plectopylis) Schlumbergeri Morlet, 1886; Gudeodiscus schlumbergeri (Morlet, 1886); Plectopylis jovia Mabille, 1887; Gudeodiscus jovius (Mabille, 1887); Plectopylis (Endoplon) hirsuta Möllendorff, 1901; Gudeodiscus hirsutus (Möllendorff, 1901); Plectopylis pilsbryana Gude, 1901; Gudeodiscus pilsbryana (Gude, 1901)

Halongella schlumbergeri is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Plectopylidae.

Halongella schlumbergeri the type species of the genus Halongella.^[5]

Distribution

The distribution of Halongella schlumbergeri includes Hạ Long Bay area in Haiphong municipality and Quảng Ninh Province, Vietnam.^[5]

The type locality is "Baie d’Along et montagne de l’Éléphant".^[1]^[5]

Description

The most important shell characters for identification of Halongella schlumbergeri include: the shell is robust; callus and aperture shape (including the formation of the fold).^[5]

The size of the shell is medium to very large.^[5] The shell is thick, almost smooth or with very fine periostracal ribs.^[5] The width of the shell is 16.1–28.1 mm.^[5] The height of the shell is 7.0–13.1 mm.^[5]

The apertural lip is well-developed.^[5] The apertural fold is long, more or less equally long in its total length, connected to the callus.^[5]

Two oblique apertural views of the same shell:

Parietal wall is with missing or short anterior lamella (always distant from the upper plica) and well-developed posterior lamella.^[5] The species is very variable in terms of shell size and the formation of plicae and lamellae on the parietal wall.^[5]

Palatal plicae are depressed and Z-shaped.^[5]

The radula of Halongella schlumbergeri has 10 lateral teeth and 14 marginal teeth.^[5] The size of the central tooth is smaller than the ectocone of the first lateral.^[5] The shape of the first lateral is oval.^[5] Marginal teeth are bicuspid or tricuspid with blunt inner cusp and shallow incision between the inner two cusps.^[5]

The reproductive system was described by Páll-Gergely et al. in 2015.^[5] Embryos were recorded to be present in the uterus.^[5] There were recorded flat, thin, with no particular shape calcareous granules on the internal surface of penis.^[5]

Similar species: Gudeodiscus dautzenbergi and some populations of Gudeodiscus villedaryi resemble Halongella schlumbergeri in terms of general, but the inner lamellae are entirely different.^[5] Most Halongella schlumbergeri shells lack the anterior lamella.^[5] Gudeodiscus dautzenbergi and Gudeodiscus villedaryi have strong, well-developed anterior lamella with an anteriorly elongated lower “leg”.^[5] It is possible to distinguish Halongella schlumbergeri from the other two species without breaking the shell, on the basis of the long apertural fold reaching the callus, which is short in Gudeodiscus dautzenbergi and Gudeodiscus villedaryi, and has an elevated “knob” part in some distance from the callus.^[5]

Ecology

It is a ground-dwelling species as all other plectopylid snails in Vietnam.^[5]

References

This article incorporates Creative Commons (CC-BY-4.0) text from the reference^[5]

^ ^a ^b (in French) Morlet L. (1886). "Liste des Conquilles recueillies, au Tonkin, par M. Jourdy, chef d’escardon d’ artillerie, et description d’espèces nouvelles". Journal de Conchyliologie 34: 257–295, pages 259, 272–274, plate 12, figures 2a–c.
^ (in French) Mabille J. (1887). "Sur Quelques Mollusques du Tonkin". Bulletins de la Société Malacologique de France 4: 73–164, pages 101–102.
^ (in German) Möllendorff O. von (1901). "Diagnosen neuer von H. Fruhstorfer in Tongking gesammelter Landschnecken". Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft 33(5–6): 65–81, 110–119. page 115.
^ Gude G. K. (1901). "On two new and three hitherto unfigured species of Plectopylis from Tonkin". Journal of Malacology 8: 110–117. page 110.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa Páll-Gergely B., Hunyadi A., Ablett J., Luong Van H., Naggs F. & Asami T. (2015). "Systematics of the family Plectopylidae in Vietnam with additional information on Chinese taxa (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora)". ZooKeys 473: 1–118. doi:10.3897/zookeys.473.8659.