Phelps was elected Bishop of Grahamstown in 1915.[7][6] In 1931 he was translated to Cape Town.[8] His consecration as archbishop was challenged by other Anglican clergy in the civil court in Cape Town.[9] The court found for Phelps.[10]
Due to ill-health Phelps resigned as archbishop in 1937,[11] He died less than a year later on 27 June 1938.[12] in Oxford.[13]